Couchbase Ruby Client Build Status

This is the official client library for use with Couchbase Server.

SUPPORT

If you found an issue, please file it in our JIRA. Also you are always welcome on #libcouchbase channel at freenode.net IRC servers.

Documentation: http://rdoc.info/gems/couchbase

INSTALL

This gem depends libcouchbase. In most cases installing libcouchbase doesn't take much effort.

MacOS (Homebrew)

$ brew install libcouchbase

Or if our pull requests for isn't yet merged:

$ brew install https://github.com/avsej/homebrew/raw/libvbucket/Library/Formula/libvbucket.rb
$ brew install https://github.com/avsej/homebrew/raw/libcouchbase/Library/Formula/libcouchbase.rb

Debian (Ubuntu)

Add the appropriate line to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/couchbase.list for your OS release:

# Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot (Debian unstable)
deb http://packages.couchbase.com/ubuntu oneiric oneiric/main

# Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx (Debian stable or testing)
deb http://packages.couchbase.com/ubuntu lucid lucid/main

Import Couchbase PGP key:

wget -O- http://packages.couchbase.com/ubuntu/couchbase.key | sudo apt-key add -

Then install them

$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install libcouchbase-dev

Centos (Redhat and rpm-based systems)

Add these lines to /etc/yum.repos.d/couchbase.repo using the correct architecture

[couchbase]
name = Couchbase package repository
baseurl = http://packages.couchbase.com/rpm/5.5/i386

[couchbase]
name = Couchbase package repository
baseurl = http:///packages.couchbase.com/rpm/5.5/x86_64

Then to install libcouchbase itself, run:

$ sudo yum update && sudo yum install libcouchbase-devel

Windows

There no additional dependencies for Windows systems. The gem carry prebuilt binary for it.

Couchbase gem

Now install the couchbase gem itself

$ gem install couchbase

USAGE

First of all you need to load library:

require 'couchbase'

There are several ways to establish new connection to Couchbase Server. By default it uses the http://localhost:8091/pools/default/buckets/default as the endpoint. The client will automatically adjust configuration when the cluster will rebalance its nodes when nodes are added or deleted therefore this client is "smart".

c = Couchbase.connect

This is equivalent to following forms:

c = Couchbase.connect("http://localhost:8091/pools/default/buckets/default")
c = Couchbase.connect("http://localhost:8091/pools/default")
c = Couchbase.connect("http://localhost:8091")
c = Couchbase.connect(:hostname => "localhost")
c = Couchbase.connect(:hostname => "localhost", :port => 8091)
c = Couchbase.connect(:pool => "default", :bucket => "default")

The hash parameters take precedence on string URL.

There is also handy method Couchbase.bucket which uses thread local storage to keep the reference to default connection. You can set the connection options via Couchbase.connection_options:

Couchbase.connection_options = {:bucket => 'blog'}
Couchbase.bucket.name                   #=> "blog"
Couchbase.bucket.set("foo", "bar")      #=> 3289400178357895424

The library supports both synchronous and asynchronous mode. In asynchronous mode all operations will return control to caller without blocking current thread. You can pass the block to method and it will be called with result when the operation will be completed. You need to run event loop when you scheduled your operations:

c = Couchbase.connect
c.run do |conn|
  conn.get("foo") {|ret| puts ret.value}
  conn.set("bar", "baz")
end

The handlers could be nested

c.run do |conn|
  conn.get("foo") do |ret|
    conn.incr(ret.value, :initial => 0)
  end
end

The asynchronous callback receives instance of Couchbase::Result which responds to several methods to figure out what was happened:

  • success?. Returns true if operation succed.

  • error. Returns nil or exception object (subclass of Couchbase::Error::Base) if something went wrong.

  • key

  • value

  • flags

  • cas. The CAS version tag.

  • node. Node address. It is used in flush and stats commands.

  • operation. The symbol, representing an operation.

To handle global errors in async mode #on_error callback should be used. It can be set in following fashions:

c.on_error do |opcode, key, exc|
  # ...
end

handler = lambda {|opcode, key, exc| }
c.on_error = handler

By default connection uses :quiet mode. This mean it won't raise exceptions when the given key is not exists:

c.get("missing-key")            #=> nil

It could be useful when you are trying to make you code a bit efficient by avoiding exception handling. (See #add and #replace operations). You can turn on these exception by passing :quiet => false when you are instantiating the connection or change corresponding attribute:

c.quiet = false
c.get("missing-key")                    #=> raise Couchbase::Error::NotFound
c.get("missing-key", :quiet => true)    #=> nil

The library supports three different formats for representing values:

  • :document (default) format supports most of ruby types which could be mapped to JSON data (hashes, arrays, string, numbers). A future version will be able to run map/reduce queries on the values in the document form (hashes)

  • :plain This format avoids any conversions to be applied to your data, but your data should be passed as String. This is useful for building custom algorithms or formats. For example to implement a set: http://dustin.github.com/2011/02/17/memcached-set.html

  • :marshal Use this format if you'd like to transparently serialize your ruby object with standard Marshal.dump and Marshal.load methods

The couchbase API is the superset of Memcached binary protocol, so you can use its operations.

Get

val = c.get("foo")
val, flags, cas = c.get("foo", :extended => true)

Get and touch

val = c.get("foo", :ttl => 10)

Get multiple values. In quiet mode will put nil values on missing positions:

vals = c.get("foo", "bar", "baz")
val_foo, val_bar, val_baz = c.get("foo", "bar", "baz")
c.run do
  c.get("foo") do |ret|
    ret.success?
    ret.error
    ret.key
    ret.value
    ret.flags
    ret.cas
  end
end

Get multiple values with extended information. The result will represented by hash with tuples [value, flags, cas] as a value.

vals = c.get("foo", "bar", "baz", :extended => true)
vals.inspect    #=> {"baz"=>["3", 0, 4784582192793125888],
                     "foo"=>["1", 0, 8835713818674332672],
                     "bar"=>["2", 0, 10805929834096100352]}

Hash-like syntax

c["foo"]
c["foo", "bar", "baz"]
c["foo", {:extended => true}]
c["foo", :extended => true]         # for ruby 1.9.x only

Touch

c.touch("foo")                      # use :default_ttl
c.touch("foo", 10)
c.touch("foo", :ttl => 10)
c.touch("foo" => 10, "bar" => 20)
c.touch("foo" => 10, "bar" => 20){|key, success|  }

Set

c.set("foo", "bar")
c.set("foo", "bar", :flags => 0x1000, :ttl => 30, :format => :plain)
c["foo"] = "bar"
c["foo", {:flags => 0x1000, :format => :plain}] = "bar"
c["foo", :flags => 0x1000] = "bar"          # for ruby 1.9.x only
c.set("foo", "bar", :cas => 8835713818674332672)
c.set("foo", "bar"){|cas, key, operation|  }

Add

Add command will fail if the key already exists. It accepts the same options as set command above.

c.add("foo", "bar")
c.add("foo", "bar", :flags => 0x1000, :ttl => 30, :format => :plain)

Replace

The replace command will fail if the key already exists. It accepts the same options as set command above.

c.replace("foo", "bar")

Prepend/Append

These commands are meaningful when you are using the :plain value format, because the concatenation is performed by server which has no idea how to merge to JSON values or values in ruby Marshal format. You may receive an Couchbase::Error::ValueFormat error.

c.set("foo", "world")
c.append("foo", "!")
c.prepend("foo", "Hello, ")
c.get("foo")                    #=> "Hello, world!"

Increment/Decrement

These commands increment the value assigned to the key. It will raise Couchbase::Error::DeltaBadval if the delta or value is not a number.

c.set("foo", 1)
c.incr("foo")                   #=> 2
c.incr("foo", :delta => 2)      #=> 4
c.incr("foo", 4)                #=> 8
c.incr("foo", -1)               #=> 7
c.incr("foo", -100)             #=> 0
c.run do
  c.incr("foo") do |ret|
    ret.success?
    ret.value
    ret.cas
  end
end

c.set("foo", 10)
c.decr("foo", 1)                #=> 9
c.decr("foo", 100)              #=> 0
c.run do
  c.decr("foo") do |ret|
    ret.success?
    ret.value
    ret.cas
  end
end

c.incr("missing1", :initial => 10)      #=> 10
c.incr("missing1", :initial => 10)      #=> 11
c.incr("missing2", :create => true)     #=> 0
c.incr("missing2", :create => true)     #=> 1

Note that it isn't the same as increment/decrement in ruby, which is performed on client side with following set operation:

c["foo"] = 10
c["foo"] -= 20                  #=> -10

Delete

c.delete("foo")
c.delete("foo", :cas => 8835713818674332672)
c.delete("foo", 8835713818674332672)
c.run do
  c.delete do |ret|
    ret.success?
    ret.key
  end
end

Flush

Flush the items in the cluster.

c.flush
c.run do
  c.flush do |ret|
    ret.success?
    ret.node
  end
end

Stats

Return statistics from each node in the cluster

c.stats
c.stats(:memory)
c.run do
  c.stats do |ret|
    ret.success?
    ret.node
    ret.key
    ret.value
  end
end

The result is represented as a hash with the server node address as the key and stats as key-value pairs.

{
  "172.16.16.76:12008"=>
    {
      "threads"=>"4",
      "connection_structures"=>"22",
      "ep_max_txn_size"=>"10000",
      # ...
    },
  "172.16.16.76:12000"=>
    {
      "threads"=>"4",
      "connection_structures"=>"447",
      "ep_max_txn_size"=>"10000",
      # ...
    },
  # ...
}