git + hub = github
hub is a command line tool that wraps git
in order to extend it with extra
features and commands that make working with GitHub easier.
$ hub clone rtomayko/tilt
# expands to:
$ git clone git://github.com/rtomayko/tilt.git
hub is best aliased as git
, so you can type $ git <command>
in the shell and
get all the usual hub
features. See "Aliasing" below.
Installation
Dependencies:
- git 1.7.3 or newer
- Ruby 1.8.6 or newer
Homebrew
Installing on OS X is easiest with Homebrew:
$ brew install hub
Standalone
hub
is easily installed as a standalone script:
$ curl http://defunkt.io/hub/standalone -sLo ~/bin/hub &&
chmod +x ~/bin/hub
Assuming "~/bin/" is in your $PATH
, you're ready to roll:
$ hub version
git version 1.7.6
hub version 1.8.3
RubyGems
Though not recommended, hub can also be installed as a RubyGem:
$ gem install hub
(It's not recommended for casual use because of the RubyGems startup time. See this gist for information.)
Standalone via RubyGems
$ gem install hub
$ hub hub standalone > ~/bin/hub && chmod +x ~/bin/hub
This installs a standalone version which doesn't require RubyGems to run, so it's faster.
Source
You can also install from source:
$ git clone git://github.com/defunkt/hub.git
$ cd hub && rake install prefix=/usr/local
Help! It's Slow!
Is your prompt slow? It may be hub.
- Check that it's not installed using RubyGems.
Check that RUBYOPT isn't loading anything shady:
$ echo $RUBYOPT
Check that your system Ruby is speedy:
$ time /usr/bin/env ruby -e0
If #3 is slow, it may be your GC settings.
Aliasing
Using hub feels best when it's aliased as git
. This is not dangerous; your
normal git commands will all work. hub merely adds some sugar.
hub alias
displays instructions for the current shell. With the -s
flag, it
outputs a script suitable for eval
.
You should place this command in your .bash_profile
or other startup script:
eval "$(hub alias -s)"
Shell tab-completion
hub repository contains tab-completion scripts for bash and zsh. These scripts complement existing completion scripts that ship with git.
Commands
Assuming you've aliased hub as git
, the following commands now have
superpowers:
git clone
$ git clone schacon/ticgit
> git clone git://github.com/schacon/ticgit.git
$ git clone -p schacon/ticgit
> git clone [email protected]:schacon/ticgit.git
$ git clone resque
> git clone [email protected]/YOUR_USER/resque.git
git remote add
$ git remote add rtomayko
> git remote add rtomayko git://github.com/rtomayko/CURRENT_REPO.git
$ git remote add -p rtomayko
> git remote add rtomayko [email protected]:rtomayko/CURRENT_REPO.git
$ git remote add origin
> git remote add origin git://github.com/YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO.git
git fetch
$ git fetch mislav
> git remote add mislav git://github.com/mislav/REPO.git
> git fetch mislav
$ git fetch mislav,xoebus
> git remote add mislav ...
> git remote add xoebus ...
> git fetch --multiple mislav xoebus
git cherry-pick
$ git cherry-pick http://github.com/mislav/REPO/commit/SHA
> git remote add -f mislav git://github.com/mislav/REPO.git
> git cherry-pick SHA
$ git cherry-pick mislav@SHA
> git remote add -f mislav git://github.com/mislav/CURRENT_REPO.git
> git cherry-pick SHA
$ git cherry-pick mislav@SHA
> git fetch mislav
> git cherry-pick SHA
git am, git apply
$ git am https://github.com/defunkt/hub/pull/55
> curl https://github.com/defunkt/hub/pull/55.patch -o /tmp/55.patch
> git am /tmp/55.patch
$ git am --ignore-whitespace https://github.com/davidbalbert/hub/commit/fdb9921
> curl https://github.com/davidbalbert/hub/commit/fdb9921.patch -o /tmp/fdb9921.patch
> git am --ignore-whitespace /tmp/fdb9921.patch
$ git apply https://gist.github.com/8da7fb575debd88c54cf
> curl https://gist.github.com/8da7fb575debd88c54cf.txt -o /tmp/gist-8da7fb575debd88c54cf.txt
> git apply /tmp/gist-8da7fb575debd88c54cf.txt
git fork
$ git fork
[ repo forked on GitHub ]
> git remote add -f YOUR_USER [email protected]:YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO.git
git pull-request
# while on a topic branch called "feature":
$ git pull-request
[ opens text editor to edit title & body for the request ]
[ opened pull request on GitHub for "YOUR_USER:feature" ]
# explicit title, pull base & head:
$ git pull-request "I've implemented feature X" -b defunkt:master -h mislav:feature
$ git pull-request -i 123
[ attached pull request to issue #123 ]
git checkout
$ git checkout https://github.com/defunkt/hub/pull/73
> git remote add -f -t feature git://github:com/mislav/hub.git
> git checkout --track -B mislav-feature mislav/feature
$ git checkout https://github.com/defunkt/hub/pull/73 custom-branch-name
git merge
$ git merge https://github.com/defunkt/hub/pull/73
> git fetch git://github.com/mislav/hub.git +refs/heads/feature:refs/remotes/mislav/feature
> git merge mislav/feature --no-ff -m 'Merge pull request #73 from mislav/feature...'
git create
$ git create
[ repo created on GitHub ]
> git remote add origin [email protected]:YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO.git
# with description:
$ git create -d 'It shall be mine, all mine!'
$ git create recipes
[ repo created on GitHub ]
> git remote add origin [email protected]:YOUR_USER/recipes.git
$ git create sinatra/recipes
[ repo created in GitHub organization ]
> git remote add origin [email protected]:sinatra/recipes.git
git init
$ git init -g
> git init
> git remote add origin [email protected]:YOUR_USER/REPO.git
git push
$ git push origin,staging,qa bert_timeout
> git push origin bert_timeout
> git push staging bert_timeout
> git push qa bert_timeout
git browse
$ git browse
> open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO
$ git browse -- commit/SHA
> open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO/commit/SHA
$ git browse -- issues
> open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO/issues
$ git browse schacon/ticgit
> open https://github.com/schacon/ticgit
$ git browse schacon/ticgit commit/SHA
> open https://github.com/schacon/ticgit/commit/SHA
$ git browse resque
> open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/resque
$ git browse resque network
> open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/resque/network
git compare
$ git compare refactor
> open https://github.com/CURRENT_REPO/compare/refactor
$ git compare 1.0..1.1
> open https://github.com/CURRENT_REPO/compare/1.0...1.1
$ git compare -u fix
> (https://github.com/CURRENT_REPO/compare/fix)
$ git compare other-user patch
> open https://github.com/other-user/REPO/compare/patch
git submodule
$ hub submodule add wycats/bundler vendor/bundler
> git submodule add git://github.com/wycats/bundler.git vendor/bundler
$ hub submodule add -p wycats/bundler vendor/bundler
> git submodule add [email protected]:wycats/bundler.git vendor/bundler
$ hub submodule add -b ryppl ryppl/pip vendor/pip
> git submodule add -b ryppl git://github.com/ryppl/pip.git vendor/pip
git help
$ git help
> (improved git help)
$ git help hub
> (hub man page)
Configuration
GitHub OAuth authentication
Hub will prompt for GitHub username & password the first time it needs to access the API and exchange it for an OAuth token, which it saves in "~/.config/hub".
HTTPS instead of git protocol
If you prefer using the HTTPS protocol for GitHub repositories instead of the git protocol for read and ssh for write, you can set "hub.protocol" to "https".
# default behavior
$ git clone defunkt/repl
< git clone >
# opt into HTTPS:
$ git config --global hub.protocol https
$ git clone defunkt/repl
< https clone >
Contributing
These instructions assume that you already have hub installed and aliased as
git
(see "Aliasing").
- Clone hub:
git clone defunkt/hub && cd hub
- Install development dependencies:
bundle install
- Verify that existing tests pass:
bundle exec rake
- Create a topic branch:
git checkout -b feature
- Make your changes. (It helps a lot if you write tests first.)
- Verify that tests still pass:
bundle exec rake
- Fork hub on GitHub (adds a remote named "YOUR_USER"):
git fork
- Push to your fork:
git push -u YOUR_USER feature
- Open a pull request describing your changes:
git pull-request
Meta
- Home: https://github.com/defunkt/hub
- Bugs: https://github.com/defunkt/hub/issues
- Gem: https://rubygems.org/gems/hub
- Authors: https://github.com/defunkt/hub/contributors
Prior art
These projects also aim to either improve git or make interacting with GitHub simpler: