Method: ActiveRecord::QueryMethods::WhereChain#not

Defined in:
lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb

#not(opts, *rest) ⇒ Object

Returns a new relation expressing WHERE + NOT condition according to the conditions in the arguments.

#not accepts conditions as a string, array, or hash. See QueryMethods#where for more details on each format.

User.where.not("name = 'Jon'")
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (name = 'Jon')

User.where.not(["name = ?", "Jon"])
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (name = 'Jon')

User.where.not(name: "Jon")
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE name != 'Jon'

User.where.not(name: nil)
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE name IS NOT NULL

User.where.not(name: %w(Ko1 Nobu))
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE name NOT IN ('Ko1', 'Nobu')



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# File 'lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb', line 44

def not(opts, *rest)
  opts = sanitize_forbidden_attributes(opts)

  where_clause = @scope.send(:where_clause_factory).build(opts, rest)

  @scope.references!(PredicateBuilder.references(opts)) if Hash === opts

  if not_behaves_as_nor?(opts)
    ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<~MSG.squish)
      NOT conditions will no longer behave as NOR in Rails 6.1.
      To continue using NOR conditions, NOT each condition individually
      (`#{
        opts.flat_map { |key, value|
          if value.is_a?(Hash) && value.size > 1
            value.map { |k, v| ".where.not(#{key.inspect} => { #{k.inspect} => ... })" }
          else
            ".where.not(#{key.inspect} => ...)"
          end
        }.join
      }`).
    MSG
    @scope.where_clause += where_clause.invert(:nor)
  else
    @scope.where_clause += where_clause.invert
  end

  @scope
end