Net::DNS
Net::DNS is a DNS library written in pure Ruby. It started as a port of Perl Net::DNS module, but it evolved in time into a full Ruby library.
Features
- Complete OO interface
- Clean and intuitive API
- Modular and flexible
Requirements
Ruby >= 2.6
Installation
The best way to install this library is via RubyGems.
gem install net-dns
API Documentation
Visit the page http://rdoc.info/gems/net-dns
Trivial resolver
The simplest way to use the library is to invoke the Resolver() method:
require 'rubygems'
require 'net/dns'
p Resolver("www.google.com")
The output is compatible with BIND zone files and it's the same you would get with the dig utility.
;; Answer received from localhost:53 (212 bytes)
;;
;; HEADER SECTION
;; id = 64075
;; qr = 1 opCode: QUERY aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 1
;; ra = 1 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NoError
;; qdCount = 1 anCount = 3 nsCount = 4 arCount = 4
;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record):
;; google.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records):
google.com. 212 IN A 74.125.45.100
google.com. 212 IN A 74.125.67.100
google.com. 212 IN A 209.85.171.100
;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records):
google.com. 345512 IN NS ns1.google.com.
google.com. 345512 IN NS ns4.google.com.
google.com. 345512 IN NS ns2.google.com.
google.com. 345512 IN NS ns3.google.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (4 records):
ns1.google.com. 170275 IN A 216.239.32.10
ns2.google.com. 170275 IN A 216.239.34.10
ns3.google.com. 170275 IN A 216.239.36.10
ns4.google.com. 170275 IN A 216.239.38.10
An optional block can be passed yielding the Net::DNS::Packet object
Resolver("www.google.com") { |packet| puts packet.size + " bytes" }
# => 484 bytes
Same for Net::DNS::Resolver.start():
Net::DNS::Resolver.start("google.com").answer.size
# => 5
As optional parameters, +TYPE+ and +CLASS+ can be specified.
p Net::DNS::Resolver.start("google.com", Net::DNS::MX)
;; Answer received from localhost:53 (316 bytes)
;;
;; HEADER SECTION
;; id = 59980
;; qr = 1 opCode: QUERY aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 1
;; ra = 1 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NoError
;; qdCount = 1 anCount = 4 nsCount = 4 arCount = 8
;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record):
;; google.com. IN MX
;; ANSWER SECTION (4 records):
google.com. 10800 IN MX 10 smtp2.google.com.
google.com. 10800 IN MX 10 smtp3.google.com.
google.com. 10800 IN MX 10 smtp4.google.com.
google.com. 10800 IN MX 10 smtp1.google.com.
Handling the response packet
The method Net::DNS::Resolver.start is a wrapper around Resolver.new. It returns a new Net::DNS::Packet object.
A DNS packet is divided into 5 sections:
- header section # => a Net::DNS::Header object
- question section # => a Net::DNS::Question object
- answer section # => an Array of Net::DNS::RR objects
- authority section # => an Array of Net::DNS::RR objects
- additional section # => an Array of Net::DNS::RR objects
You can access each section by calling the attribute with the same name on a Packet object:
packet = Net::DNS::Resolver.start("google.com")
header = packet.header
answer = packet.answer
puts "The packet is #{packet.data.size} bytes"
puts "It contains #{header.anCount} answer entries"
answer.any? {|ans| p ans}
The output is
The packet is 378 bytes
It contains 3 answer entries
google.com. 244 IN A 74.125.45.100
google.com. 244 IN A 74.125.67.100
google.com. 244 IN A 209.85.171.100
A better way to handle the answer section is to use the iterators directly on a Packet object:
packet.each_address do |ip|
puts "#{ip} is alive" if Ping.pingecho(ip.to_s, 10, 80)
end
Gives:
74.125.45.100 is alive
74.125.67.100 is alive
209.85.171.100 is alive
License
Net::DNS is distributed under the same license Ruby is.
Authors
- Marco Ceresa (@bluemonk)
- Simone Carletti (@weppos)