Class: SNMP::Manager

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/snmp/manager.rb

Overview

This class provides a manager for interacting with a single SNMP agent.

Example

require 'snmp'

manager = SNMP::Manager.new(:host => 'localhost', :port => 1061)
response = manager.get(["1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0", "1.3.6.1.2.1.1.2.0"])
response.each_varbind {|vb| puts vb.inspect}
manager.close

Symbolic Object Names

Symbolic names for SNMP object IDs can be used as parameters to the APIs in this class if the MIB modules are imported and the names of the MIBs are included in the MibModules configuration parameter.

See MIB.varbind_list for a description of valid parameter formats.

The following modules are loaded by default: “SNMPv2-SMI”, “SNMPv2-MIB”, “IF-MIB”, “IP-MIB”, “TCP-MIB”, “UDP-MIB”. All of the current IETF MIBs have been imported and are available for loading.

Additional modules may be imported using the MIB class. The current implementation of the importing code requires that the external ‘smidump’ tool is available in your PATH. This tool can be obtained from the libsmi website at www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/projects/libsmi/ .

Example

Do this once:

SNMP::MIB.import_module(MY_MODULE_FILENAME, MIB_OUTPUT_DIR)

Include your module in MibModules each time you create a Manager:

SNMP::Manager.new(:host => 'localhost', :mib_dir => MIB_OUTPUT_DIR,
                  :mib_modules => ["MY-MODULE-MIB", "SNMPv2-MIB", ...])

Defined Under Namespace

Classes: Config

Constant Summary collapse

@@request_id = 
RequestId.new

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(options = {}) ⇒ Manager

Creates a Manager. The following are valid options and their default values.

Note: The upper-case options supported in previous versions of this library are deprecated, but still supported for now. Use at your own risk.

Option              Default Value
--------------------------------------
:host               'localhost'
:port               161
:trap_port          162
:community          'public'
:write_community    Same as :community
:version            :SNMPv2c
:timeout            1 (timeout units are seconds)
:retries            5
:transport          UDPTransport
:max_recv_bytes     8000 bytes
:mib_dir            MIB::DEFAULT_MIB_PATH
:mib_modules        SNMPv2-SMI, SNMPv2-MIB, IF-MIB, IP-MIB, TCP-MIB, UDP-MIB
:use_IPv6           false, unless :host is formatted like an IPv6 address

Use => :SNMPv1 for SNMP v1. SNMP v3 is not supported.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 176

def initialize(options = {})
  if block_given?
    warn "SNMP::Manager.new() does not take block; use SNMP::Manager.open() instead"
  end
  config = Config.new(options)
  @host = config.host
  @port = config.port
  @trap_port = config.trap_port
  @community = config.community
  @write_community = config.write_community
  @snmp_version = config.version
  @timeout = config.timeout
  @retries = config.retries
  @transport = config.create_transport
  @max_bytes = config.max_recv_bytes
  @mib = MIB.new
  load_modules(config.mib_modules, config.mib_dir)
  @config = config.applied_config
end

Instance Attribute Details

#config ⇒ Object (readonly)

Retrieves the current configuration of this Manager.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 145

def config
  @config
end

#mib ⇒ Object (readonly)

Retrieves the MIB for this Manager.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 150

def mib
  @mib
end

Class Method Details

.open(config = {}) ⇒ Object

Creates a Manager but also takes an optional block and automatically closes the transport connection used by this manager after the block completes.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 201

def self.open(config = {})
  manager = Manager.new(config)
  if block_given?
    begin
      yield manager
    ensure
      manager.close
    end
  end
end

Instance Method Details

#close ⇒ Object

Close the transport connection for this manager.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 215

def close
  @transport.close
end

#create_trap_vb_list(sys_up_time, trap_oid, object_list) ⇒ Object

Helper method for building VarBindList for trap and inform requests.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 376

def create_trap_vb_list(sys_up_time, trap_oid, object_list)
  vb_args = @mib.varbind_list(object_list, :KeepValue)
  uptime_vb = VarBind.new(SNMP::SYS_UP_TIME_OID, TimeTicks.new(sys_up_time.to_int))
  trap_vb = VarBind.new(SNMP::SNMP_TRAP_OID_OID, @mib.oid(trap_oid))
  VarBindList.new([uptime_vb, trap_vb, *vb_args])
end

#get(object_list) ⇒ Object

Sends a get request for the supplied list of ObjectId or VarBind objects.

Returns a Response PDU with the results of the request.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 229

def get(object_list)
  varbind_list = @mib.varbind_list(object_list, :NullValue)
  request = GetRequest.new(@@request_id.next, varbind_list)
  try_request(request)
end

#get_bulk(non_repeaters, max_repetitions, object_list) ⇒ Object

Sends a get-bulk request. The non_repeaters parameter specifies the number of objects in the object_list to be retrieved once. The remaining objects in the list will be retrieved up to the number of times specified by max_repetitions.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 275

def get_bulk(non_repeaters, max_repetitions, object_list)
  varbind_list = @mib.varbind_list(object_list, :NullValue)
  request = GetBulkRequest.new(
      @@request_id.next,
      varbind_list,
      non_repeaters,
      max_repetitions)
  try_request(request)
end

#get_next(object_list) ⇒ Object

Sends a get-next request for the supplied list of ObjectId or VarBind objects.

Returns a Response PDU with the results of the request.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 263

def get_next(object_list)
  varbind_list = @mib.varbind_list(object_list, :NullValue)
  request = GetNextRequest.new(@@request_id.next, varbind_list)
  try_request(request)
end

#get_value(object_list) ⇒ Object

Sends a get request for the supplied list of ObjectId or VarBind objects.

Returns a list of the varbind values only, not the entire response, in the same order as the initial object_list. This method is useful for retrieving scalar values.

For example:

SNMP::Manager.open(:host => "localhost") do |manager|
  puts manager.get_value("sysDescr.0")
end



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 249

def get_value(object_list)
  if object_list.respond_to? :to_ary
    get(object_list).vb_list.collect { |vb| vb.value }
  else
    get(object_list).vb_list.first.value
  end
end

#inform(sys_up_time, trap_oid, object_list = []) ⇒ Object

Sends an inform request using the supplied varbind list.

sys_up_time: An integer respresenting the number of hundredths of a second that this system has been up.

trap_oid: An ObjectId or String with the OID identifier for this inform request.

object_list: A list of additional varbinds to send with the inform.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 367

def inform(sys_up_time, trap_oid, object_list=[])
  vb_list = create_trap_vb_list(sys_up_time, trap_oid, object_list)
  request = InformRequest.new(@@request_id.next, vb_list)
  try_request(request, @community, @host, @trap_port)
end

#load_module(name) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 219

def load_module(name)
  @mib.load_module(name)
end

#next_request_id=(request_id) ⇒ Object

Set the next request-id instead of letting it be generated automatically. This method is useful for testing and debugging.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 472

def next_request_id=(request_id)
  @@request_id.force_next(request_id)
end

#set(object_list) ⇒ Object

Sends a set request using the supplied list of VarBind objects.

Returns a Response PDU with the results of the request.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 290

def set(object_list)
  varbind_list = @mib.varbind_list(object_list, :KeepValue)
  request = SetRequest.new(@@request_id.next, varbind_list)
  try_request(request, @write_community)
end

#trap_v1(enterprise, agent_addr, generic_trap, specific_trap, timestamp, object_list = []) ⇒ Object

Sends an SNMPv1 style trap.

enterprise: The enterprise OID from the IANA assigned numbers (www.iana.org/assignments/enterprise-numbers) as a String or an ObjectId.

agent_addr: The IP address of the SNMP agent as a String or IpAddress.

generic_trap: The generic trap identifier. One of :coldStart, :warmStart, :linkDown, :linkUp, :authenticationFailure, :egpNeighborLoss, or :enterpriseSpecific

specific_trap: An integer representing the specific trap type for an enterprise-specific trap.

timestamp: An integer respresenting the number of hundredths of a second that this system has been up.

object_list: A list of additional varbinds to send with the trap.

For example:

 Manager.open(:Version => :SNMPv1) do |snmp|
   snmp.trap_v1(
     "enterprises.9",
     "10.1.2.3",
     :enterpriseSpecific,
      42,
     12345,
     [VarBind.new("1.3.6.1.2.3.4", Integer.new(1))])
end



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 329

def trap_v1(enterprise, agent_addr, generic_trap, specific_trap, timestamp, object_list=[])
  vb_list = @mib.varbind_list(object_list, :KeepValue)
  ent_oid = @mib.oid(enterprise)
  agent_ip = IpAddress.new(agent_addr)
  specific_int = Integer(specific_trap)
  ticks = TimeTicks.new(timestamp)
  trap = SNMPv1_Trap.new(ent_oid, agent_ip, generic_trap, specific_int, ticks, vb_list)
  send_request(trap, @community, @host, @trap_port)
end

#trap_v2(sys_up_time, trap_oid, object_list = []) ⇒ Object

Sends an SNMPv2c style trap.

sys_up_time: An integer respresenting the number of hundredths of a second that this system has been up.

trap_oid: An ObjectId or String with the OID identifier for this trap.

object_list: A list of additional varbinds to send with the trap.



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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 350

def trap_v2(sys_up_time, trap_oid, object_list=[])
  vb_list = create_trap_vb_list(sys_up_time, trap_oid, object_list)
  trap = SNMPv2_Trap.new(@@request_id.next, vb_list)
  send_request(trap, @community, @host, @trap_port)
end

#walk(object_list, index_column = 0) ⇒ Object

Walks a list of ObjectId or VarBind objects using get_next until the response to the first OID in the list reaches the end of its MIB subtree.

The varbinds from each get_next are yielded to the given block as they are retrieved. The result is yielded as a VarBind when walking a single object or as a VarBindList when walking a list of objects.

Normally this method is used for walking tables by providing an ObjectId for each column of the table.

For example:

SNMP::Manager.open(:host => "localhost") do |manager|
  manager.walk("ifTable") { |vb| puts vb }
end

SNMP::Manager.open(:host => "localhost") do |manager|
  manager.walk(["ifIndex", "ifDescr"]) do |index, descr|
    puts "#{index.value} #{descr.value}"
  end
end

The index_column identifies the column that will provide the index for each row. This information is used to deal with “holes” in a table (when a row is missing a varbind for one column). A missing varbind is replaced with a varbind with the value NoSuchInstance.

Note: If you are getting back rows where all columns have a value of NoSuchInstance then your index column is probably missing one of the rows. Choose an index column that includes all indexes for the table.

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/snmp/manager.rb', line 416

def walk(object_list, index_column=0)
  raise ArgumentError, "expected a block to be given" unless block_given?
  vb_list = @mib.varbind_list(object_list, :NullValue)
  raise ArgumentError, "index_column is past end of varbind list" if index_column >= vb_list.length
  is_single_vb = object_list.respond_to?(:to_str) ||
      object_list.respond_to?(:to_varbind)
  start_list = vb_list
  start_oid = vb_list[index_column].name
  last_oid = start_oid
  loop do
    vb_list = get_next(vb_list).vb_list
    index_vb = vb_list[index_column]
    break if EndOfMibView == index_vb.value
    stop_oid = index_vb.name
    if stop_oid <= last_oid
      warn "OIDs are not increasing, #{last_oid} followed by #{stop_oid}"
      break
    end
    break unless stop_oid.subtree_of?(start_oid)
    last_oid = stop_oid
    if is_single_vb
      yield index_vb
    else
      vb_list = validate_row(vb_list, start_list, index_column)
      yield vb_list
    end
  end
end