Class: Time

Inherits:
Object show all
Includes:
DateAndTime::Calculations, DateAndTime::Compatibility, DateAndTime::Zones
Defined in:
activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/blank.rb,
activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb,
activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/json.rb,
activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/acts_like.rb,
activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/conversions.rb,
activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb,
activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/compatibility.rb

Overview

:nodoc:

Direct Known Subclasses

ActiveRecord::Type::Time::Value

Constant Summary collapse

DATE_FORMATS = 
{
  db: "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
  number: "%Y%m%d%H%M%S",
  nsec: "%Y%m%d%H%M%S%9N",
  usec: "%Y%m%d%H%M%S%6N",
  time: "%H:%M",
  short: "%d %b %H:%M",
  long: "%B %d, %Y %H:%M",
  long_ordinal: lambda { |time|
    day_format = ActiveSupport::Inflector.ordinalize(time.day)
    time.strftime("%B #{day_format}, %Y %H:%M")
  },
  rfc822: lambda { |time|
    offset_format = time.formatted_offset(false)
    time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S #{offset_format}")
  },
  iso8601: lambda { |time| time.iso8601 }
}
COMMON_YEAR_DAYS_IN_MONTH = 
[nil, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]

Constants included from DateAndTime::Calculations

DateAndTime::Calculations::DAYS_INTO_WEEK, DateAndTime::Calculations::WEEKEND_DAYS

Class Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from DateAndTime::Calculations

#after?, #all_day, #all_month, #all_quarter, #all_week, #all_year, #before?, #beginning_of_month, #beginning_of_quarter, #beginning_of_week, #beginning_of_year, #days_ago, #days_since, #days_to_week_start, #end_of_month, #end_of_quarter, #end_of_week, #end_of_year, #future?, #last_month, #last_year, #monday, #months_ago, #months_since, #next_occurring, #next_quarter, #next_week, #next_weekday, #on_weekday?, #on_weekend?, #past?, #prev_occurring, #prev_quarter, #prev_week, #prev_weekday, #sunday, #today?, #tomorrow, #weeks_ago, #weeks_since, #years_ago, #years_since, #yesterday

Methods included from DateAndTime::Zones

#in_time_zone

Class Attribute Details

.zone_default ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute zone_default



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb', line 10

def zone_default
  @zone_default
end

Class Method Details

.===(other) ⇒ Object

Overriding case equality method so that it returns true for ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone instances



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 17

def ===(other)
  super || (self == Time && other.is_a?(ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone))
end

.at_with_coercion(*args) ⇒ Object Also known as: at

Layers additional behavior on Time.at so that ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone and DateTime instances can be used when called with a single argument



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 44

def at_with_coercion(*args)
  return at_without_coercion(*args) if args.size != 1

  # Time.at can be called with a time or numerical value
  time_or_number = args.first

  if time_or_number.is_a?(ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone) || time_or_number.is_a?(DateTime)
    at_without_coercion(time_or_number.to_f).getlocal
  else
    at_without_coercion(time_or_number)
  end
end

.current ⇒ Object

Returns Time.zone.now when Time.zone or config.time_zone are set, otherwise just returns Time.now.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 38

def current
  ::Time.zone ? ::Time.zone.now : ::Time.now
end

.days_in_month(month, year = current.year) ⇒ Object

Returns the number of days in the given month. If no year is specified, it will use the current year.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 23

def days_in_month(month, year = current.year)
  if month == 2 && ::Date.gregorian_leap?(year)
    29
  else
    COMMON_YEAR_DAYS_IN_MONTH[month]
  end
end

.days_in_year(year = current.year) ⇒ Object

Returns the number of days in the given year. If no year is specified, it will use the current year.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 33

def days_in_year(year = current.year)
  days_in_month(2, year) + 337
end

.find_zone(time_zone) ⇒ Object

Returns a TimeZone instance matching the time zone provided. Accepts the time zone in any format supported by Time.zone=. Returns nil for invalid time zones.

Time.find_zone "America/New_York" # => #<ActiveSupport::TimeZone @name="America/New_York" ...>
Time.find_zone "NOT-A-TIMEZONE"   # => nil



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb', line 109

def find_zone(time_zone)
  find_zone!(time_zone) rescue nil
end

.find_zone!(time_zone) ⇒ Object

Returns a TimeZone instance matching the time zone provided. Accepts the time zone in any format supported by Time.zone=. Raises an ArgumentError for invalid time zones.

Time.find_zone! "America/New_York" # => #<ActiveSupport::TimeZone @name="America/New_York" ...>
Time.find_zone! "EST"              # => #<ActiveSupport::TimeZone @name="EST" ...>
Time.find_zone! -5.hours           # => #<ActiveSupport::TimeZone @name="Bogota" ...>
Time.find_zone! nil                # => nil
Time.find_zone! false              # => false
Time.find_zone! "NOT-A-TIMEZONE"   # => ArgumentError: Invalid Timezone: NOT-A-TIMEZONE



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb', line 82

def find_zone!(time_zone)
  if !time_zone || time_zone.is_a?(ActiveSupport::TimeZone)
    time_zone
  else
    # Look up the timezone based on the identifier (unless we've been
    # passed a TZInfo::Timezone)
    unless time_zone.respond_to?(:period_for_local)
      time_zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone[time_zone] || TZInfo::Timezone.get(time_zone)
    end

    # Return if a TimeZone instance, or wrap in a TimeZone instance if a TZInfo::Timezone
    if time_zone.is_a?(ActiveSupport::TimeZone)
      time_zone
    else
      ActiveSupport::TimeZone.create(time_zone.name, nil, time_zone)
    end
  end
rescue TZInfo::InvalidTimezoneIdentifier
  raise ArgumentError, "Invalid Timezone: #{time_zone}"
end

.rfc3339(str) ⇒ Object

Creates a Time instance from an RFC 3339 string.

Time.rfc3339('1999-12-31T14:00:00-10:00') # => 2000-01-01 00:00:00 -1000

If the time or offset components are missing then an ArgumentError will be raised.

Time.rfc3339('1999-12-31') # => ArgumentError: invalid date

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 66

def rfc3339(str)
  parts = Date._rfc3339(str)

  raise ArgumentError, "invalid date" if parts.empty?

  Time.new(
    parts.fetch(:year),
    parts.fetch(:mon),
    parts.fetch(:mday),
    parts.fetch(:hour),
    parts.fetch(:min),
    parts.fetch(:sec) + parts.fetch(:sec_fraction, 0),
    parts.fetch(:offset)
  )
end

.use_zone(time_zone) ⇒ Object

Allows override of Time.zone locally inside supplied block; resets Time.zone to existing value when done.

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  around_action :set_time_zone

  private

  def set_time_zone
    Time.use_zone(current_user.timezone) { yield }
  end
end

NOTE: This won’t affect any ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone objects that have already been created, e.g. any model timestamp attributes that have been read before the block will remain in the application’s default timezone.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb', line 62

def use_zone(time_zone)
  new_zone = find_zone!(time_zone)
  begin
    old_zone, ::Time.zone = ::Time.zone, new_zone
    yield
  ensure
    ::Time.zone = old_zone
  end
end

.zone ⇒ Object

Returns the TimeZone for the current request, if this has been set (via Time.zone=). If Time.zone has not been set for the current request, returns the TimeZone specified in config.time_zone.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb', line 14

def zone
  Thread.current[:time_zone] || zone_default
end

.zone=(time_zone) ⇒ Object

Sets Time.zone to a TimeZone object for the current request/thread.

This method accepts any of the following:

  • A Rails TimeZone object.

  • An identifier for a Rails TimeZone object (e.g., “Eastern Time (US & Canada)”, -5.hours).

  • A TZInfo::Timezone object.

  • An identifier for a TZInfo::Timezone object (e.g., “America/New_York”).

Here’s an example of how you might set Time.zone on a per request basis and reset it when the request is done. current_user.time_zone just needs to return a string identifying the user’s preferred time zone:

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  around_action :set_time_zone

  def set_time_zone
    if logged_in?
      Time.use_zone(current_user.time_zone) { yield }
    else
      yield
    end
  end
end



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb', line 41

def zone=(time_zone)
  Thread.current[:time_zone] = find_zone!(time_zone)
end

Instance Method Details

#acts_like_time? ⇒ Boolean

Duck-types as a Time-like class. See Object#acts_like?.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/acts_like.rb', line 7

def acts_like_time?
  true
end

#advance(options) ⇒ Object

Uses Date to provide precise Time calculations for years, months, and days according to the proleptic Gregorian calendar. The options parameter takes a hash with any of these keys: :years, :months, :weeks, :days, :hours, :minutes, :seconds.

Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(seconds: 1) # => 2015-08-01 14:35:01 -0700
Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(minutes: 1) # => 2015-08-01 14:36:00 -0700
Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(hours: 1)   # => 2015-08-01 15:35:00 -0700
Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(days: 1)    # => 2015-08-02 14:35:00 -0700
Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(weeks: 1)   # => 2015-08-08 14:35:00 -0700



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 162

def advance(options)
  unless options[:weeks].nil?
    options[:weeks], partial_weeks = options[:weeks].divmod(1)
    options[:days] = options.fetch(:days, 0) + 7 * partial_weeks
  end

  unless options[:days].nil?
    options[:days], partial_days = options[:days].divmod(1)
    options[:hours] = options.fetch(:hours, 0) + 24 * partial_days
  end

  d = to_date.gregorian.advance(options)
  time_advanced_by_date = change(year: d.year, month: d.month, day: d.day)
  seconds_to_advance = \
    options.fetch(:seconds, 0) +
    options.fetch(:minutes, 0) * 60 +
    options.fetch(:hours, 0) * 3600

  if seconds_to_advance.zero?
    time_advanced_by_date
  else
    time_advanced_by_date.since(seconds_to_advance)
  end
end

#ago(seconds) ⇒ Object

Returns a new Time representing the time a number of seconds ago, this is basically a wrapper around the Numeric extension



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 188

def ago(seconds)
  since(-seconds)
end

#as_json(options = nil) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/json.rb', line 177

def as_json(options = nil) #:nodoc:
  if ActiveSupport::JSON::Encoding.use_standard_json_time_format
    xmlschema(ActiveSupport::JSON::Encoding.time_precision)
  else
    %(#{strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")} #{formatted_offset(false)})
  end
end

#beginning_of_day ⇒ Object Also known as: midnight, at_midnight, at_beginning_of_day

Returns a new Time representing the start of the day (0:00)



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 201

def beginning_of_day
  change(hour: 0)
end

#beginning_of_hour ⇒ Object Also known as: at_beginning_of_hour

Returns a new Time representing the start of the hour (x:00)



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 230

def beginning_of_hour
  change(min: 0)
end

#beginning_of_minute ⇒ Object Also known as: at_beginning_of_minute

Returns a new Time representing the start of the minute (x:xx:00)



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 246

def beginning_of_minute
  change(sec: 0)
end

#blank? ⇒ false

No Time is blank:

Time.now.blank? # => false

Returns:

  • (false) 


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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/blank.rb', line 152

def blank?
  false
end

#change(options) ⇒ Object

Returns a new Time where one or more of the elements have been changed according to the options parameter. The time options (:hour, :min, :sec, :usec, :nsec) reset cascadingly, so if only the hour is passed, then minute, sec, usec and nsec is set to 0. If the hour and minute is passed, then sec, usec and nsec is set to 0. The options parameter takes a hash with any of these keys: :year, :month, :day, :hour, :min, :sec, :usec, :nsec, :offset. Pass either :usec or :nsec, not both.

Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 22, 35, 0).change(day: 1)              # => Time.new(2012, 8, 1, 22, 35, 0)
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 22, 35, 0).change(year: 1981, day: 1)  # => Time.new(1981, 8, 1, 22, 35, 0)
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 22, 35, 0).change(year: 1981, hour: 0) # => Time.new(1981, 8, 29, 0, 0, 0)

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 120

def change(options)
  new_year   = options.fetch(:year, year)
  new_month  = options.fetch(:month, month)
  new_day    = options.fetch(:day, day)
  new_hour   = options.fetch(:hour, hour)
  new_min    = options.fetch(:min, options[:hour] ? 0 : min)
  new_sec    = options.fetch(:sec, (options[:hour] || options[:min]) ? 0 : sec)
  new_offset = options.fetch(:offset, nil)

  if new_nsec = options[:nsec]
    raise ArgumentError, "Can't change both :nsec and :usec at the same time: #{options.inspect}" if options[:usec]
    new_usec = Rational(new_nsec, 1000)
  else
    new_usec = options.fetch(:usec, (options[:hour] || options[:min] || options[:sec]) ? 0 : Rational(nsec, 1000))
  end

  raise ArgumentError, "argument out of range" if new_usec >= 1000000

  new_sec += Rational(new_usec, 1000000)

  if new_offset
    ::Time.new(new_year, new_month, new_day, new_hour, new_min, new_sec, new_offset)
  elsif utc?
    ::Time.utc(new_year, new_month, new_day, new_hour, new_min, new_sec)
  elsif zone
    ::Time.local(new_year, new_month, new_day, new_hour, new_min, new_sec)
  else
    ::Time.new(new_year, new_month, new_day, new_hour, new_min, new_sec, utc_offset)
  end
end

#compare_with_coercion(other) ⇒ Object Also known as: <=>

Layers additional behavior on Time#<=> so that DateTime and ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone instances can be chronologically compared with a Time



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 292

def compare_with_coercion(other)
  # we're avoiding Time#to_datetime and Time#to_time because they're expensive
  if other.class == Time
    compare_without_coercion(other)
  elsif other.is_a?(Time)
    compare_without_coercion(other.to_time)
  else
    to_datetime <=> other
  end
end

#end_of_day ⇒ Object Also known as: at_end_of_day

Returns a new Time representing the end of the day, 23:59:59.999999



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 219

def end_of_day
  change(
    hour: 23,
    min: 59,
    sec: 59,
    usec: Rational(999999999, 1000)
  )
end

#end_of_hour ⇒ Object Also known as: at_end_of_hour

Returns a new Time representing the end of the hour, x:59:59.999999



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 236

def end_of_hour
  change(
    min: 59,
    sec: 59,
    usec: Rational(999999999, 1000)
  )
end

#end_of_minute ⇒ Object Also known as: at_end_of_minute

Returns a new Time representing the end of the minute, x:xx:59.999999



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 252

def end_of_minute
  change(
    sec: 59,
    usec: Rational(999999999, 1000)
  )
end

#eql_with_coercion(other) ⇒ Object Also known as: eql?

Layers additional behavior on Time#eql? so that ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone instances can be eql? to an equivalent Time



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 307

def eql_with_coercion(other)
  # if other is an ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, coerce a Time instance from it so we can do eql? comparison
  other = other.comparable_time if other.respond_to?(:comparable_time)
  eql_without_coercion(other)
end

#formatted_offset(colon = true, alternate_utc_string = nil) ⇒ Object

Returns a formatted string of the offset from UTC, or an alternative string if the time zone is already UTC.

Time.local(2000).formatted_offset        # => "-06:00"
Time.local(2000).formatted_offset(false) # => "-0600"



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/conversions.rb', line 66

def formatted_offset(colon = true, alternate_utc_string = nil)
  utc? && alternate_utc_string || ActiveSupport::TimeZone.seconds_to_utc_offset(utc_offset, colon)
end

#middle_of_day ⇒ Object Also known as: midday, noon, at_midday, at_noon, at_middle_of_day

Returns a new Time representing the middle of the day (12:00)



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 209

def middle_of_day
  change(hour: 12)
end

#minus_with_coercion(other) ⇒ Object Also known as: -

Time#- can also be used to determine the number of seconds between two Time instances. We’re layering on additional behavior so that ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone instances are coerced into values that Time#- will recognize



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 283

def minus_with_coercion(other)
  other = other.comparable_time if other.respond_to?(:comparable_time)
  other.is_a?(DateTime) ? to_f - other.to_f : minus_without_coercion(other)
end

#minus_with_duration(other) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 270

def minus_with_duration(other) #:nodoc:
  if ActiveSupport::Duration === other
    other.until(self)
  else
    minus_without_duration(other)
  end
end

#next_day(days = 1) ⇒ Object

Returns a new time the specified number of days in the future.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 321

def next_day(days = 1)
  advance(days: days)
end

#next_month(months = 1) ⇒ Object

Returns a new time the specified number of months in the future.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 331

def next_month(months = 1)
  advance(months: months)
end

#next_year(years = 1) ⇒ Object

Returns a new time the specified number of years in the future.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 341

def next_year(years = 1)
  advance(years: years)
end

#plus_with_duration(other) ⇒ Object Also known as: +

:nodoc:



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 260

def plus_with_duration(other) #:nodoc:
  if ActiveSupport::Duration === other
    other.since(self)
  else
    plus_without_duration(other)
  end
end

#prev_day(days = 1) ⇒ Object

Returns a new time the specified number of days ago.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 316

def prev_day(days = 1)
  advance(days: -days)
end

#prev_month(months = 1) ⇒ Object

Returns a new time the specified number of months ago.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 326

def prev_month(months = 1)
  advance(months: -months)
end

#prev_year(years = 1) ⇒ Object

Returns a new time the specified number of years ago.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 336

def prev_year(years = 1)
  advance(years: -years)
end

#sec_fraction ⇒ Object

Returns the fraction of a second as a Rational

Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 0, 0, 0.5).sec_fraction # => (1/2)



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 104

def sec_fraction
  subsec
end

#seconds_since_midnight ⇒ Object

Returns the number of seconds since 00:00:00.

Time.new(2012, 8, 29,  0,  0,  0).seconds_since_midnight # => 0.0
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 12, 34, 56).seconds_since_midnight # => 45296.0
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 23, 59, 59).seconds_since_midnight # => 86399.0



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 88

def seconds_since_midnight
  to_i - change(hour: 0).to_i + (usec / 1.0e+6)
end

#seconds_until_end_of_day ⇒ Object

Returns the number of seconds until 23:59:59.

Time.new(2012, 8, 29,  0,  0,  0).seconds_until_end_of_day # => 86399
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 12, 34, 56).seconds_until_end_of_day # => 41103
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 23, 59, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day # => 0



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 97

def seconds_until_end_of_day
  end_of_day.to_i - to_i
end

#since(seconds) ⇒ Object Also known as: in

Returns a new Time representing the time a number of seconds since the instance time



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb', line 193

def since(seconds)
  self + seconds
rescue
  to_datetime.since(seconds)
end

#to_formatted_s(format = :default) ⇒ Object Also known as: to_s

Converts to a formatted string. See DATE_FORMATS for built-in formats.

This method is aliased to to_s.

time = Time.now                    # => 2007-01-18 06:10:17 -06:00

time.to_formatted_s(:time)         # => "06:10"
time.to_s(:time)                   # => "06:10"

time.to_formatted_s(:db)           # => "2007-01-18 06:10:17"
time.to_formatted_s(:number)       # => "20070118061017"
time.to_formatted_s(:short)        # => "18 Jan 06:10"
time.to_formatted_s(:long)         # => "January 18, 2007 06:10"
time.to_formatted_s(:long_ordinal) # => "January 18th, 2007 06:10"
time.to_formatted_s(:rfc822)       # => "Thu, 18 Jan 2007 06:10:17 -0600"
time.to_formatted_s(:iso8601)      # => "2007-01-18T06:10:17-06:00"

Adding your own time formats to to_formatted_s

You can add your own formats to the Time::DATE_FORMATS hash. Use the format name as the hash key and either a strftime string or Proc instance that takes a time argument as the value.

# config/initializers/time_formats.rb
Time::DATE_FORMATS[:month_and_year] = '%B %Y'
Time::DATE_FORMATS[:short_ordinal]  = ->(time) { time.strftime("%B #{time.day.ordinalize}") }



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/conversions.rb', line 51

def to_formatted_s(format = :default)
  if formatter = DATE_FORMATS[format]
    formatter.respond_to?(:call) ? formatter.call(self).to_s : strftime(formatter)
  else
    to_default_s
  end
end

#to_time ⇒ Object

Either return self or the time in the local system timezone depending on the setting of ActiveSupport.to_time_preserves_timezone.



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# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/compatibility.rb', line 13

def to_time
  preserve_timezone ? self : getlocal
end