Module: ActionController::HttpAuthentication::Token

Extended by:
Token
Included in:
Token
Defined in:
actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb

Overview

HTTP Token authentication

Simple Token example

class PostsController < ApplicationController
  TOKEN = "secret"

  before_action :authenticate, except: [ :index ]

  def index
    render plain: "Everyone can see me!"
  end

  def edit
    render plain: "I'm only accessible if you know the password"
  end

  private
    def authenticate
      authenticate_or_request_with_http_token do |token, options|
        # Compare the tokens in a time-constant manner, to mitigate
        # timing attacks.
        ActiveSupport::SecurityUtils.secure_compare(token, TOKEN)
      end
    end
end

Here is a more advanced Token example where only Atom feeds and the XML API are protected by HTTP token authentication. The regular HTML interface is protected by a session approach:

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  before_action :set_account, :authenticate

  private
    def 
      @account = Account.find_by(url_name: request.subdomains.first)
    end

    def authenticate
      case request.format
      when Mime[:xml], Mime[:atom]
        if user = authenticate_with_http_token { |t, o| @account.users.authenticate(t, o) }
          @current_user = user
        else
          request_http_token_authentication
        end
      else
        if session_authenticated?
          @current_user = @account.users.find(session[:authenticated][:user_id])
        else
          redirect_to() and return false
        end
      end
    end
end

In your integration tests, you can do something like this:

def test_access_granted_from_xml
  authorization = ActionController::HttpAuthentication::Token.encode_credentials(users(:dhh).token)

  get "/notes/1.xml", headers: { 'HTTP_AUTHORIZATION' => authorization }

  assert_equal 200, status
end

On shared hosts, Apache sometimes doesn’t pass authentication headers to FCGI instances. If your environment matches this description and you cannot authenticate, try this rule in your Apache setup:

RewriteRule ^(.*)$ dispatch.fcgi [E=X-HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization},QSA,L]

Defined Under Namespace

Modules: ControllerMethods

Constant Summary collapse

TOKEN_KEY = 
"token="
TOKEN_REGEX = 
/^(Token|Bearer)\s+/
AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS = 
/(?:,|;|\t)/

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#authenticate(controller, &login_procedure) ⇒ Object

If token Authorization header is present, call the login procedure with the present token and options.

Returns the return value of login_procedure if a token is found. Returns nil if no token is found.

Parameters

  • controller - ActionController::Base instance for the current request.

  • login_procedure - Proc to call if a token is present. The Proc should take two arguments:

    authenticate(controller) { |token, options| ... }



464
465
466
467
468
469
 
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb', line 464

def authenticate(controller, &)
  token, options = token_and_options(controller.request)
  unless token.blank?
    .call(token, options)
  end
end

#authentication_request(controller, realm, message = nil) ⇒ Object

Sets a WWW-Authenticate header to let the client know a token is desired.

Returns nothing.

Parameters

  • controller - ActionController::Base instance for the outgoing response.

  • realm - String realm to use in the header.



547
548
549
550
551
 
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb', line 547

def authentication_request(controller, realm, message = nil)
  message ||= "HTTP Token: Access denied.\n"
  controller.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] = %(Token realm="#{realm.tr('"', "")}")
  controller.__send__ :render, plain: message, status: :unauthorized
end

#encode_credentials(token, options = {}) ⇒ Object

Encodes the given token and options into an Authorization header value.

Returns String.

Parameters

  • token - String token.

  • options - Optional Hash of the options.



532
533
534
535
536
537
 
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb', line 532

def encode_credentials(token, options = {})
  values = ["#{TOKEN_KEY}#{token.to_s.inspect}"] + options.map do |key, value|
    "#{key}=#{value.to_s.inspect}"
  end
  "Token #{values * ", "}"
end

#params_array_from(raw_params) ⇒ Object

Takes raw_params and turns it into an array of parameters.



499
500
501
 
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb', line 499

def params_array_from(raw_params)
  raw_params.map { |param| param.split %r/=(.+)?/ }
end

#raw_params(auth) ⇒ Object

This method takes an authorization body and splits up the key-value pairs by the standardized :, ;, or \t delimiters defined in AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS.



514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
 
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb', line 514

def raw_params(auth)
  _raw_params = auth.sub(TOKEN_REGEX, "").split(WHITESPACED_AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS)

  if !_raw_params.first&.start_with?(TOKEN_KEY)
    _raw_params[0] = "#{TOKEN_KEY}#{_raw_params.first}"
  end

  _raw_params
end

#rewrite_param_values(array_params) ⇒ Object

This removes the " characters wrapping the value.



504
505
506
 
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb', line 504

def rewrite_param_values(array_params)
  array_params.each { |param| (param[1] || +"").gsub! %r/^"|"$/, "" }
end

#token_and_options(request) ⇒ Object

Parses the token and options out of the token Authorization header. The value for the Authorization header is expected to have the prefix "Token" or "Bearer". If the header looks like this:

Authorization: Token token="abc", nonce="def"

Then the returned token is "abc", and the options are {nonce: "def"}.

Returns an Array of [String, Hash] if a token is present. Returns nil if no token is found.

Parameters

  • request - ActionDispatch::Request instance with the current headers.



486
487
488
489
490
491
492
 
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb', line 486

def token_and_options(request)
  authorization_request = request.authorization.to_s
  if authorization_request[TOKEN_REGEX]
    params = token_params_from authorization_request
    [params.shift[1], Hash[params].with_indifferent_access]
  end
end

#token_params_from(auth) ⇒ Object 



494
495
496
 
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb', line 494

def token_params_from(auth)
  rewrite_param_values params_array_from raw_params auth
end