Module: ActionController::UrlWriter

Defined in:
lib/action_controller/url_rewriter.rb

Overview

In routes.rb one defines URL-to-controller mappings, but the reverse is also possible: an URL can be generated from one of your routing definitions. URL generation functionality is centralized in this module.

See ActionController::Routing and ActionController::Resources for general information about routing and routes.rb.

Tip: If you need to generate URLs from your models or some other place, then ActionController::UrlWriter is what you’re looking for. Read on for an introduction.

URL generation from parameters

As you may know, some functions - such as ActionController::Base#url_for and ActionView::Helpers::UrlHelper#link_to, can generate URLs given a set of parameters. For example, you’ve probably had the chance to write code like this in one of your views:

<%= link_to('Click here', :controller => 'users',
        :action => 'new', :message => 'Welcome!') %>

#=> Generates a link to: /users/new?message=Welcome%21

link_to, and all other functions that require URL generation functionality, actually use ActionController::UrlWriter under the hood. And in particular, they use the ActionController::UrlWriter#url_for method. One can generate the same path as the above example by using the following code:

include UrlWriter
url_for(:controller => 'users',
        :action => 'new',
        :message => 'Welcome!',
        :only_path => true)
# => "/users/new?message=Welcome%21"

Notice the :only_path => true part. This is because UrlWriter has no information about the website hostname that your Rails app is serving. So if you want to include the hostname as well, then you must also pass the :host argument:

include UrlWriter
url_for(:controller => 'users',
        :action => 'new',
        :message => 'Welcome!',
        :host => 'www.example.com')        # Changed this.
# => "http://www.example.com/users/new?message=Welcome%21"

By default, all controllers and views have access to a special version of url_for, that already knows what the current hostname is. So if you use url_for in your controllers or your views, then you don’t need to explicitly pass the :host argument.

For convenience reasons, mailers provide a shortcut for ActionController::UrlWriter#url_for. So within mailers, you only have to type ‘url_for’ instead of ‘ActionController::UrlWriter#url_for’ in full. However, mailers don’t have hostname information, and what’s why you’ll still have to specify the :host argument when generating URLs in mailers.

URL generation for named routes

UrlWriter also allows one to access methods that have been auto-generated from named routes. For example, suppose that you have a ‘users’ resource in your routes.rb:

map.resources :users

This generates, among other things, the method users_path. By default, this method is accessible from your controllers, views and mailers. If you need to access this auto-generated method from other places (such as a model), then you can do that in two ways.

The first way is to include ActionController::UrlWriter in your class:

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  include ActionController::UrlWriter         # !!!

  def name=(value)
    write_attribute('name', value)
    write_attribute('base_uri', users_path)   # !!!
  end
end

The second way is to access them through ActionController::UrlWriter. The autogenerated named routes methods are available as class methods:

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  def name=(value)
    write_attribute('name', value)
    path = ActionController::UrlWriter.users_path   # !!!
    write_attribute('base_uri', path)               # !!!
  end
end

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Class Method Details

.included(base) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



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# File 'lib/action_controller/url_rewriter.rb', line 95

def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
  ActionController::Routing::Routes.install_helpers(base)
  base.mattr_accessor :default_url_options

  # The default options for urls written by this writer. Typically a <tt>:host</tt> pair is provided.
  base.default_url_options ||= {}
end

Instance Method Details

#url_for(options) ⇒ Object

Generate a url based on the options provided, default_url_options and the routes defined in routes.rb. The following options are supported:

  • :only_path - If true, the relative url is returned. Defaults to false.

  • :protocol - The protocol to connect to. Defaults to ‘http’.

  • :host - Specifies the host the link should be targetted at. If :only_path is false, this option must be provided either explicitly, or via default_url_options.

  • :port - Optionally specify the port to connect to.

  • :anchor - An anchor name to be appended to the path.

  • :skip_relative_url_root - If true, the url is not constructed using the relative_url_root set in ActionController::Base.relative_url_root.

  • :trailing_slash - If true, adds a trailing slash, as in “/archive/2009/”

Any other key (:controller, :action, etc.) given to url_for is forwarded to the Routes module.

Examples:

url_for :controller => 'tasks', :action => 'testing', :host=>'somehost.org', :port=>'8080'    # => 'http://somehost.org:8080/tasks/testing'
url_for :controller => 'tasks', :action => 'testing', :host=>'somehost.org', :anchor => 'ok', :only_path => true    # => '/tasks/testing#ok'
url_for :controller => 'tasks', :action => 'testing', :trailing_slash=>true  # => 'http://somehost.org/tasks/testing/'
url_for :controller => 'tasks', :action => 'testing', :host=>'somehost.org', :number => '33'  # => 'http://somehost.org/tasks/testing?number=33'



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# File 'lib/action_controller/url_rewriter.rb', line 126

def url_for(options)
  options = self.class.default_url_options.merge(options)

  url = ''

  unless options.delete(:only_path)
    url << (options.delete(:protocol) || 'http')
    url << '://' unless url.match("://")

    raise "Missing host to link to! Please provide :host parameter or set default_url_options[:host]" unless options[:host]

    url << options.delete(:host)
    url << ":#{options.delete(:port)}" if options.key?(:port)
  else
    # Delete the unused options to prevent their appearance in the query string.
    [:protocol, :host, :port, :skip_relative_url_root].each { |k| options.delete(k) }
  end
  trailing_slash = options.delete(:trailing_slash) if options.key?(:trailing_slash)
  url << ActionController::Base.relative_url_root.to_s unless options[:skip_relative_url_root]
  anchor = "##{CGI.escape options.delete(:anchor).to_param.to_s}" if options[:anchor]
  generated = Routing::Routes.generate(options, {})
  url << (trailing_slash ? generated.sub(/\?|\z/) { "/" + $& } : generated)
  url << anchor if anchor

  url
end