Class: ActionDispatch::Cookies

Inherits:

Object

Object
ActionDispatch::Cookies

show all

Defined in:: lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb

Overview

Cookies are read and written through ActionController#cookies.

The cookies being read are the ones received along with the request, the cookies being written will be sent out with the response. Reading a cookie does not get the cookie object itself back, just the value it holds.

Examples of writing:

# Sets a simple session cookie.
# This cookie will be deleted when the user's browser is closed.
cookies[:user_name] = "david"

# Cookie values are String based. Other data types need to be serialized.
cookies[:lat_lon] = JSON.generate([47.68, -122.37])

# Sets a cookie that expires in 1 hour.
cookies[:login] = { value: "XJ-122", expires: 1.hour.from_now }

# Sets a signed cookie, which prevents users from tampering with its value.
# The cookie is signed by your app's `secrets.secret_key_base` value.
# It can be read using the signed method `cookies.signed[:name]`
cookies.signed[:user_id] = current_user.id

# Sets an encrypted cookie value before sending it to the client which
# prevent users from reading and tampering with its value.
# The cookie is signed by your app's `secrets.secret_key_base` value.
# It can be read using the encrypted method `cookies.encrypted[:name]`
cookies.encrypted[:discount] = 45

# Sets a "permanent" cookie (which expires in 20 years from now).
cookies.permanent[:login] = "XJ-122"

# You can also chain these methods:
cookies.permanent.signed[:login] = "XJ-122"

Examples of reading:

cookies[:user_name]           # => "david"
cookies.size                  # => 2
JSON.parse(cookies[:lat_lon]) # => [47.68, -122.37]
cookies.signed[:login]        # => "XJ-122"
cookies.encrypted[:discount]  # => 45

Example for deleting:

cookies.delete :user_name

Please note that if you specify a :domain when setting a cookie, you must also specify the domain when deleting the cookie:

cookies[:name] = {
  value: 'a yummy cookie',
  expires: 1.year.from_now,
  domain: 'domain.com'
}

cookies.delete(:name, domain: 'domain.com')

The option symbols for setting cookies are:

:value - The cookie’s value.
:path - The path for which this cookie applies. Defaults to the root of the application.
:domain - The domain for which this cookie applies so you can restrict to the domain level. If you use a schema like www.example.com and want to share session with user.example.com set :domain to :all. Make sure to specify the :domain option with :all or Array again when deleting cookies.
```
domain: nil  # Does not set cookie domain. (default)
domain: :all # Allow the cookie for the top most level
             # domain and subdomains.
domain: %w(.example.com .example.org) # Allow the cookie
                                      # for concrete domain names.
```
:tld_length - When using :domain => :all, this option can be used to explicitly set the TLD length when using a short (<= 3 character) domain that is being interpreted as part of a TLD. For example, to share cookies between user1.lvh.me and user2.lvh.me, set :tld_length to 1.
:expires - The time at which this cookie expires, as a Time object.
:secure - Whether this cookie is only transmitted to HTTPS servers. Default is false.
:httponly - Whether this cookie is accessible via scripting or only HTTP. Defaults to false.

Defined Under Namespace

Modules: ChainedCookieJars, SerializedCookieJars, VerifyAndUpgradeLegacySignedMessage Classes: AbstractCookieJar, CookieJar, EncryptedCookieJar, JsonSerializer, PermanentCookieJar, SignedCookieJar, UpgradeLegacyEncryptedCookieJar, UpgradeLegacySignedCookieJar

Constant Summary collapse

HTTP_HEADER =

"Set-Cookie".freeze

GENERATOR_KEY =

"action_dispatch.key_generator".freeze

SIGNED_COOKIE_SALT =

"action_dispatch.signed_cookie_salt".freeze

ENCRYPTED_COOKIE_SALT =

"action_dispatch.encrypted_cookie_salt".freeze

ENCRYPTED_SIGNED_COOKIE_SALT =

"action_dispatch.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt".freeze

SECRET_TOKEN =

"action_dispatch.secret_token".freeze

SECRET_KEY_BASE =

"action_dispatch.secret_key_base".freeze

COOKIES_SERIALIZER =

"action_dispatch.cookies_serializer".freeze

COOKIES_DIGEST =

"action_dispatch.cookies_digest".freeze

MAX_COOKIE_SIZE = Cookies can typically store 4096 bytes.

CookieOverflow = Raised when storing more than 4K of session data.

Class.new StandardError

Instance Method Summary collapse

#call(env) ⇒ Object
#initialize(app) ⇒ Cookies constructor

A new instance of Cookies.

Constructor Details

#initialize(app) ⇒ `Cookies`

Returns a new instance of Cookies.



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb', line 606

def initialize(app)
  @app = app
end

Instance Method Details

#call(env) ⇒ `Object`

# File 'lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb', line 610

def call(env)
  request = ActionDispatch::Request.new env

  status, headers, body = @app.call(env)

  if request.have_cookie_jar?
    cookie_jar = request.cookie_jar
    unless cookie_jar.committed?
      cookie_jar.write(headers)
      if headers[HTTP_HEADER].respond_to?(:join)
        headers[HTTP_HEADER] = headers[HTTP_HEADER].join("\n")
      end
    end
  end

  [status, headers, body]
end