Module: ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper::Resources

Included in:
ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper
Defined in:
lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb

Overview

Resource routing allows you to quickly declare all of the common routes for a given resourceful controller. Instead of declaring separate routes for your index, show, new, edit, create, update and destroy actions, a resourceful route declares them in a single line of code:

resources :photos

Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without referencing an ID. A common example, /profile always shows the profile of the currently logged in user. In this case, you can use a singular resource to map /profile (rather than /profile/:id) to the show action.

resource :profile

It’s common to have resources that are logically children of other resources:

resources :magazines do
  resources :ads
end

You may wish to organize groups of controllers under a namespace. Most commonly, you might group a number of administrative controllers under an admin namespace. You would place these controllers under the app/controllers/admin directory, and you can group them together in your router:

namespace "admin" do
  resources :posts, :comments
end

By default the :id parameter doesn’t accept dots. If you need to use dots as part of the :id parameter add a constraint which overrides this restriction, e.g:

resources :articles, id: /[^\/]+/

This allows any character other than a slash as part of your :id.

Defined Under Namespace

Classes: Resource, SingletonResource

Constant Summary collapse

VALID_ON_OPTIONS =

CANONICAL_ACTIONS holds all actions that does not need a prefix or a path appended since they fit properly in their scope level.

[:new, :collection, :member]
RESOURCE_OPTIONS = 
[:as, :controller, :path, :only, :except, :param, :concerns]
CANONICAL_ACTIONS = 
%w(index create new show update destroy)

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#add_route(action, controller, options, _path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1675

def add_route(action, controller, options, _path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints) # :nodoc:
  path = path_for_action(action, _path)
  raise ArgumentError, "path is required" if path.blank?

  action = action.to_s

  default_action = options.delete(:action) || @scope[:action]

  if action =~ /^[\w\-\/]+$/
    default_action ||= action.tr('-', '_') unless action.include?("/")
  else
    action = nil
  end

  as = if !options.fetch(:as, true) # if it's set to nil or false
         options.delete(:as)
       else
         name_for_action(options.delete(:as), action)
       end

  path = Mapping.normalize_path URI.parser.escape(path), formatted
  ast = Journey::Parser.parse path

  mapping = Mapping.build(@scope, @set, ast, controller, default_action, to, via, formatted, options_constraints, anchor, options)
  @set.add_route(mapping, ast, as, anchor)
end

#collection ⇒ Object

To add a route to the collection:

resources :photos do
  collection do
    get 'search'
  end
end

This will enable Rails to recognize paths such as /photos/search with GET, and route to the search action of PhotosController. It will also create the search_photos_url and search_photos_path route helpers.



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1472

def collection
  unless resource_scope?
    raise ArgumentError, "can't use collection outside resource(s) scope"
  end

  with_scope_level(:collection) do
    path_scope(parent_resource.collection_scope) do
      yield
    end
  end
end

#decomposed_match(path, controller, options, _path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1660

def decomposed_match(path, controller, options, _path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints) # :nodoc:
  if on = options.delete(:on)
    send(on) { decomposed_match(path, controller, options, _path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints) }
  else
    case @scope.scope_level
    when :resources
      nested { decomposed_match(path, controller, options, _path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints) }
    when :resource
      member { decomposed_match(path, controller, options, _path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints) }
    else
      add_route(path, controller, options, _path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints)
    end
  end
end

#get_to_from_path(path, to, action) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1645

def get_to_from_path(path, to, action)
  return to if to || action

  path_without_format = path.sub(/\(\.:format\)$/, '')
  if using_match_shorthand?(path_without_format)
    path_without_format.gsub(%r{^/}, "").sub(%r{/([^/]*)$}, '#\1').tr("-", "_")
  else
    nil
  end
end

#match(path, *rest) ⇒ Object

Matches a url pattern to one or more routes. For more information, see match.

match 'path' => 'controller#action', via: patch
match 'path', to: 'controller#action', via: :post
match 'path', 'otherpath', on: :member, via: :get



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1569

def match(path, *rest)
  if rest.empty? && Hash === path
    options  = path
    path, to = options.find { |name, _value| name.is_a?(String) }

    case to
    when Symbol
      options[:action] = to
    when String
      if to =~ /#/
        options[:to] = to
      else
        options[:controller] = to
      end
    else
      options[:to] = to
    end

    options.delete(path)
    paths = [path]
  else
    options = rest.pop || {}
    paths = [path] + rest
  end

  if options[:on] && !VALID_ON_OPTIONS.include?(options[:on])
    raise ArgumentError, "Unknown scope #{on.inspect} given to :on"
  end

  if @scope[:to]
    options[:to] ||= @scope[:to]
  end

  if @scope[:controller] && @scope[:action]
    options[:to] ||= "#{@scope[:controller]}##{@scope[:action]}"
  end

  controller = options.delete(:controller) || @scope[:controller]
  option_path = options.delete :path
  to = options.delete :to
  via = Mapping.check_via Array(options.delete(:via) {
    @scope[:via]
  })
  formatted = options.delete(:format) { @scope[:format] }
  anchor = options.delete(:anchor) { true }
  options_constraints = options.delete(:constraints) || {}

  path_types = paths.group_by(&:class)
  path_types.fetch(String, []).each do |_path|
    route_options = options.dup
    if _path && option_path
      ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn <<-eowarn
Specifying strings for both :path and the route path is deprecated. Change things like this:

  match #{_path.inspect}, :path => #{option_path.inspect}

to this:

  match #{option_path.inspect}, :as => #{_path.inspect}, :action => #{path.inspect}
      eowarn
      route_options[:action] = _path
      route_options[:as] = _path
      _path = option_path
    end
    to = get_to_from_path(_path, to, route_options[:action])
    decomposed_match(_path, controller, route_options, _path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints)
  end

  path_types.fetch(Symbol, []).each do |action|
    route_options = options.dup
    decomposed_match(action, controller, route_options, option_path, to, via, formatted, anchor, options_constraints)
  end

  self
end

#member ⇒ Object

To add a member route, add a member block into the resource block:

resources :photos do
  member do
    get 'preview'
  end
end

This will recognize /photos/1/preview with GET, and route to the preview action of PhotosController. It will also create the preview_photo_url and preview_photo_path helpers.



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1495

def member
  unless resource_scope?
    raise ArgumentError, "can't use member outside resource(s) scope"
  end

  with_scope_level(:member) do
    if shallow?
      shallow_scope {
        path_scope(parent_resource.member_scope) { yield }
      }
    else
      path_scope(parent_resource.member_scope) { yield }
    end
  end
end

#namespace(path, options = {}) ⇒ Object

See ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper::Scoping#namespace



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1544

def namespace(path, options = {})
  if resource_scope?
    nested { super }
  else
    super
  end
end

#nested ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1523

def nested
  unless resource_scope?
    raise ArgumentError, "can't use nested outside resource(s) scope"
  end

  with_scope_level(:nested) do
    if shallow? && shallow_nesting_depth >= 1
      shallow_scope do
        path_scope(parent_resource.nested_scope) do
          scope(nested_options) { yield }
        end
      end
    else
      path_scope(parent_resource.nested_scope) do
        scope(nested_options) { yield }
      end
    end
  end
end

#new ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1511

def new
  unless resource_scope?
    raise ArgumentError, "can't use new outside resource(s) scope"
  end

  with_scope_level(:new) do
    path_scope(parent_resource.new_scope(action_path(:new))) do
      yield
    end
  end
end

#resource(*resources, &block) ⇒ Object

Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without referencing an ID. A common example, /profile always shows the profile of the currently logged in user. In this case, you can use a singular resource to map /profile (rather than /profile/:id) to the show action:

resource :profile

creates six different routes in your application, all mapping to the Profiles controller (note that the controller is named after the plural):

GET       /profile/new
POST      /profile
GET       /profile
GET       /profile/edit
PATCH/PUT /profile
DELETE    /profile

Options

Takes same options as resources.



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1269

def resource(*resources, &block)
  options = resources.extract_options!.dup

  if apply_common_behavior_for(:resource, resources, options, &block)
    return self
  end

  with_scope_level(:resource) do
    options = apply_action_options options
    resource_scope(SingletonResource.new(resources.pop, api_only?, @scope[:shallow], options)) do
      yield if block_given?

      concerns(options[:concerns]) if options[:concerns]

      collection do
        post :create
      end if parent_resource.actions.include?(:create)

      new do
        get :new
      end if parent_resource.actions.include?(:new)

      set_member_mappings_for_resource
    end
  end

  self
end

#resources(*resources, &block) ⇒ Object

In Rails, a resourceful route provides a mapping between HTTP verbs and URLs and controller actions. By convention, each action also maps to particular CRUD operations in a database. A single entry in the routing file, such as

resources :photos

creates seven different routes in your application, all mapping to the Photos controller:

GET       /photos
GET       /photos/new
POST      /photos
GET       /photos/:id
GET       /photos/:id/edit
PATCH/PUT /photos/:id
DELETE    /photos/:id

Resources can also be nested infinitely by using this block syntax:

resources :photos do
  resources :comments
end

This generates the following comments routes:

GET       /photos/:photo_id/comments
GET       /photos/:photo_id/comments/new
POST      /photos/:photo_id/comments
GET       /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id
GET       /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id/edit
PATCH/PUT /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id
DELETE    /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id

Options

Takes same options as Base#match as well as:

:path_names

Allows you to change the segment component of the edit and new actions. Actions not specified are not changed.

resources :posts, path_names: { new: "brand_new" }

The above example will now change /posts/new to /posts/brand_new

:path

Allows you to change the path prefix for the resource.

resources :posts, path: 'postings'

The resource and all segments will now route to /postings instead of /posts

:only

Only generate routes for the given actions.

resources :cows, only: :show
resources :cows, only: [:show, :index]
:except

Generate all routes except for the given actions.

resources :cows, except: :show
resources :cows, except: [:show, :index]
:shallow

Generates shallow routes for nested resource(s). When placed on a parent resource, generates shallow routes for all nested resources.

resources :posts, shallow: true do
  resources :comments
end

Is the same as:

resources :posts do
  resources :comments, except: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]
end
resources :comments, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

This allows URLs for resources that otherwise would be deeply nested such as a comment on a blog post like /posts/a-long-permalink/comments/1234 to be shortened to just /comments/1234.

:shallow_path

Prefixes nested shallow routes with the specified path.

scope shallow_path: "sekret" do
  resources :posts do
    resources :comments, shallow: true
  end
end

The comments resource here will have the following routes generated for it:

post_comments    GET       /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format)
post_comments    POST      /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format)
new_post_comment GET       /posts/:post_id/comments/new(.:format)
edit_comment     GET       /sekret/comments/:id/edit(.:format)
comment          GET       /sekret/comments/:id(.:format)
comment          PATCH/PUT /sekret/comments/:id(.:format)
comment          DELETE    /sekret/comments/:id(.:format)
:shallow_prefix

Prefixes nested shallow route names with specified prefix.

scope shallow_prefix: "sekret" do
  resources :posts do
    resources :comments, shallow: true
  end
end

The comments resource here will have the following routes generated for it:

post_comments           GET       /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format)
post_comments           POST      /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format)
new_post_comment        GET       /posts/:post_id/comments/new(.:format)
edit_sekret_comment     GET       /comments/:id/edit(.:format)
sekret_comment          GET       /comments/:id(.:format)
sekret_comment          PATCH/PUT /comments/:id(.:format)
sekret_comment          DELETE    /comments/:id(.:format)
:format

Allows you to specify the default value for optional format segment or disable it by supplying false.

Examples

# routes call <tt>Admin::PostsController</tt>
resources :posts, module: "admin"

# resource actions are at /admin/posts.
resources :posts, path: "admin/posts"



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1430

def resources(*resources, &block)
  options = resources.extract_options!.dup

  if apply_common_behavior_for(:resources, resources, options, &block)
    return self
  end

  with_scope_level(:resources) do
    options = apply_action_options options
    resource_scope(Resource.new(resources.pop, api_only?, @scope[:shallow], options)) do
      yield if block_given?

      concerns(options[:concerns]) if options[:concerns]

      collection do
        get  :index if parent_resource.actions.include?(:index)
        post :create if parent_resource.actions.include?(:create)
      end

      new do
        get :new
      end if parent_resource.actions.include?(:new)

      set_member_mappings_for_resource
    end
  end

  self
end

#resources_path_names(options) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1244

def resources_path_names(options)
  @scope[:path_names].merge!(options)
end

#root(path, options = {}) ⇒ Object

You can specify what Rails should route “/” to with the root method:

root to: 'pages#main'

For options, see match, as root uses it internally.

You can also pass a string which will expand

root 'pages#main'

You should put the root route at the top of config/routes.rb, because this means it will be matched first. As this is the most popular route of most Rails applications, this is beneficial.



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1715

def root(path, options = {})
  if path.is_a?(String)
    options[:to] = path
  elsif path.is_a?(Hash) and options.empty?
    options = path
  else
    raise ArgumentError, "must be called with a path and/or options"
  end

  if @scope.resources?
    with_scope_level(:root) do
      path_scope(parent_resource.path) do
        match_root_route(options)
      end
    end
  else
    match_root_route(options)
  end
end

#shallow ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1552

def shallow
  @scope = @scope.new(shallow: true)
  yield
ensure
  @scope = @scope.parent
end

#shallow? ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1559

def shallow?
  !parent_resource.singleton? && @scope[:shallow]
end

#using_match_shorthand?(path) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1656

def using_match_shorthand?(path)
  path =~ %r{^/?[-\w]+/[-\w/]+$}
end