Class: ActionController::Parameters
- Inherits:
-
Object
- Object
- ActionController::Parameters
- Defined in:
- lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb
Overview
Action Controller Parameters
Allows you to choose which attributes should be permitted for mass updating and thus prevent accidentally exposing that which shouldn’t be exposed. Provides two methods for this purpose: #require and #permit. The former is used to mark parameters as required. The latter is used to set the parameter as permitted and limit which attributes should be allowed for mass updating.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
person: {
name: "Francesco",
age: 22,
role: "admin"
}
})
permitted = params.require(:person).permit(:name, :age)
permitted # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco", "age"=>22} permitted: true>
permitted.permitted? # => true
Person.first.update!(permitted)
# => #<Person id: 1, name: "Francesco", age: 22, role: "user">
It provides two options that controls the top-level behavior of new instances:
-
permit_all_parameters
- If it’strue
, all the parameters will be permitted by default. The default isfalse
. -
action_on_unpermitted_parameters
- Allow to control the behavior when parameters that are not explicitly permitted are found. The values can befalse
to just filter them out,:log
to additionally write a message on the logger, or:raise
to raise ActionController::UnpermittedParameters exception. The default value is:log
in test and development environments,false
otherwise.
Examples:
params = ActionController::Parameters.new
params.permitted? # => false
ActionController::Parameters.permit_all_parameters = true
params = ActionController::Parameters.new
params.permitted? # => true
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: "123", b: "456")
params.permit(:c)
# => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: true>
ActionController::Parameters.action_on_unpermitted_parameters = :raise
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: "123", b: "456")
params.permit(:c)
# => ActionController::UnpermittedParameters: found unpermitted keys: a, b
Please note that these options *are not thread-safe*. In a multi-threaded environment they should only be set once at boot-time and never mutated at runtime.
You can fetch values of ActionController::Parameters
using either :key
or "key"
.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(key: "value")
params[:key] # => "value"
params["key"] # => "value"
Class Method Summary collapse
-
.hook_into_yaml_loading ⇒ Object
:nodoc:.
Instance Method Summary collapse
-
#==(other) ⇒ Object
Returns true if another
Parameters
object contains the same content and permitted flag. -
#[](key) ⇒ Object
Returns a parameter for the given
key
. -
#[]=(key, value) ⇒ Object
Assigns a value to a given
key
. -
#converted_arrays ⇒ Object
Attribute that keeps track of converted arrays, if any, to avoid double looping in the common use case permit + mass-assignment.
-
#deep_dup ⇒ Object
Returns duplicate of object including all parameters.
-
#delete(key, &block) ⇒ Object
Deletes a key-value pair from
Parameters
and returns the value. -
#dig(*keys) ⇒ Object
Extracts the nested parameter from the given
keys
by callingdig
at each step. -
#each_pair(&block) ⇒ Object
(also: #each)
Convert all hashes in values into parameters, then yield each pair in the same way as
Hash#each_pair
. -
#each_value(&block) ⇒ Object
Convert all hashes in values into parameters, then yield each value in the same way as
Hash#each_value
. -
#except(*keys) ⇒ Object
Returns a new
ActionController::Parameters
instance that filters out the givenkeys
. -
#extract!(*keys) ⇒ Object
Removes and returns the key/value pairs matching the given keys.
-
#fetch(key, *args) ⇒ Object
Returns a parameter for the given
key
. -
#init_with(coder) ⇒ Object
:nodoc:.
-
#initialize(parameters = {}) ⇒ Parameters
constructor
Returns a new instance of
ActionController::Parameters
. - #inspect ⇒ Object
-
#keys ⇒ Object
:method: values.
-
#merge(other_hash) ⇒ Object
Returns a new
ActionController::Parameters
with all keys fromother_hash
merged into current hash. -
#merge!(other_hash) ⇒ Object
Returns current
ActionController::Parameters
instance withother_hash
merged into current hash. -
#permit(*filters) ⇒ Object
Returns a new
ActionController::Parameters
instance that includes only the givenfilters
and sets thepermitted
attribute for the object totrue
. -
#permit! ⇒ Object
Sets the
permitted
attribute totrue
. -
#permitted? ⇒ Boolean
Returns
true
if the parameter is permitted,false
otherwise. -
#reject(&block) ⇒ Object
Returns a new instance of
ActionController::Parameters
with items that the block evaluates to true removed. -
#reject!(&block) ⇒ Object
(also: #delete_if)
Removes items that the block evaluates to true and returns self.
-
#require(key) ⇒ Object
(also: #required)
This method accepts both a single key and an array of keys.
-
#reverse_merge(other_hash) ⇒ Object
(also: #with_defaults)
Returns a new
ActionController::Parameters
with all keys from current hash merged intoother_hash
. -
#reverse_merge!(other_hash) ⇒ Object
(also: #with_defaults!)
Returns current
ActionController::Parameters
instance with current hash merged intoother_hash
. -
#select(&block) ⇒ Object
Returns a new instance of
ActionController::Parameters
with only items that the block evaluates to true. -
#select!(&block) ⇒ Object
(also: #keep_if)
Equivalent to Hash#keep_if, but returns
nil
if no changes were made. -
#slice(*keys) ⇒ Object
Returns a new
ActionController::Parameters
instance that includes only the givenkeys
. -
#slice!(*keys) ⇒ Object
Returns current
ActionController::Parameters
instance which contains only the givenkeys
. -
#stringify_keys ⇒ Object
This is required by ActiveModel attribute assignment, so that user can pass
Parameters
to a mass assignment methods in a model. -
#to_h ⇒ Object
Returns a safe
ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess
representation of the parameters with all unpermitted keys removed. -
#to_hash ⇒ Object
Returns a safe
Hash
representation of the parameters with all unpermitted keys removed. -
#to_query(*args) ⇒ Object
(also: #to_param)
Returns a string representation of the receiver suitable for use as a URL query string:.
-
#to_unsafe_h ⇒ Object
(also: #to_unsafe_hash)
Returns an unsafe, unfiltered
ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess
representation of the parameters. -
#transform_keys(&block) ⇒ Object
Returns a new
ActionController::Parameters
instance with the results of runningblock
once for every key. -
#transform_keys!(&block) ⇒ Object
Performs keys transformation and returns the altered
ActionController::Parameters
instance. -
#transform_values ⇒ Object
Returns a new
ActionController::Parameters
with the results of runningblock
once for every value. -
#transform_values! ⇒ Object
Performs values transformation and returns the altered
ActionController::Parameters
instance. -
#values_at(*keys) ⇒ Object
Returns values that were assigned to the given
keys
.
Constructor Details
#initialize(parameters = {}) ⇒ Parameters
Returns a new instance of ActionController::Parameters
. Also, sets the permitted
attribute to the default value of ActionController::Parameters.permit_all_parameters
.
class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
end
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(name: "Francesco")
params.permitted? # => false
Person.new(params) # => ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesError
ActionController::Parameters.permit_all_parameters = true
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(name: "Francesco")
params.permitted? # => true
Person.new(params) # => #<Person id: nil, name: "Francesco">
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 242 def initialize(parameters = {}) @parameters = parameters.with_indifferent_access @permitted = self.class.permit_all_parameters end |
Class Method Details
.hook_into_yaml_loading ⇒ Object
:nodoc:
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 777 def self.hook_into_yaml_loading # :nodoc: # Wire up YAML format compatibility with Rails 4.2 and Psych 2.0.8 and 2.0.9+. # Makes the YAML parser call `init_with` when it encounters the keys below # instead of trying its own parsing routines. YAML.["!ruby/hash-with-ivars:ActionController::Parameters"] = name YAML.["!ruby/hash:ActionController::Parameters"] = name end |
Instance Method Details
#==(other) ⇒ Object
Returns true if another Parameters
object contains the same content and permitted flag.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 249 def ==(other) if other.respond_to?(:permitted?) permitted? == other.permitted? && parameters == other.parameters else @parameters == other end end |
#[](key) ⇒ Object
Returns a parameter for the given key
. If not found, returns nil
.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: "Francesco" })
params[:person] # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco"} permitted: false>
params[:none] # => nil
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 570 def [](key) convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, @parameters[key]) end |
#[]=(key, value) ⇒ Object
Assigns a value to a given key
. The given key may still get filtered out when permit
is called.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 576 def []=(key, value) @parameters[key] = value end |
#converted_arrays ⇒ Object
Attribute that keeps track of converted arrays, if any, to avoid double looping in the common use case permit + mass-assignment. Defined in a method to instantiate it only if needed.
Testing membership still loops, but it’s going to be faster than our own loop that converts values. Also, we are not going to build a new array object per fetch.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 369 def converted_arrays @converted_arrays ||= Set.new end |
#deep_dup ⇒ Object
Returns duplicate of object including all parameters.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 805 def deep_dup self.class.new(@parameters.deep_dup).tap do |duplicate| duplicate.permitted = @permitted end end |
#delete(key, &block) ⇒ Object
Deletes a key-value pair from Parameters
and returns the value. If key
is not found, returns nil
(or, with optional code block, yields key
and returns the result). Cf. #extract!
, which returns the corresponding ActionController::Parameters
object.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 698 def delete(key, &block) convert_value_to_parameters(@parameters.delete(key, &block)) end |
#dig(*keys) ⇒ Object
Extracts the nested parameter from the given keys
by calling dig
at each step. Returns nil
if any intermediate step is nil
.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(foo: { bar: { baz: 1 } })
params.dig(:foo, :bar, :baz) # => 1
params.dig(:foo, :zot, :xyz) # => nil
params2 = ActionController::Parameters.new(foo: [10, 11, 12])
params2.dig(:foo, 1) # => 11
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 614 def dig(*keys) convert_hashes_to_parameters(keys.first, @parameters[keys.first]) @parameters.dig(*keys) end |
#each_pair(&block) ⇒ Object Also known as: each
Convert all hashes in values into parameters, then yield each pair in the same way as Hash#each_pair
.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 343 def each_pair(&block) @parameters.each_pair do |key, value| yield [key, convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, value)] end self end |
#each_value(&block) ⇒ Object
Convert all hashes in values into parameters, then yield each value in the same way as Hash#each_value
.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 354 def each_value(&block) @parameters.each_pair do |key, value| yield convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, value) end self end |
#except(*keys) ⇒ Object
Returns a new ActionController::Parameters
instance that filters out the given keys
.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3)
params.except(:a, :b) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"c"=>3} permitted: false>
params.except(:d) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>1, "b"=>2, "c"=>3} permitted: false>
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 643 def except(*keys) new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.except(*keys)) end |
#extract!(*keys) ⇒ Object
Removes and returns the key/value pairs matching the given keys.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3)
params.extract!(:a, :b) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>1, "b"=>2} permitted: false>
params # => <ActionController::Parameters {"c"=>3} permitted: false>
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 652 def extract!(*keys) new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.extract!(*keys)) end |
#fetch(key, *args) ⇒ Object
Returns a parameter for the given key
. If the key
can’t be found, there are several options: With no other arguments, it will raise an ActionController::ParameterMissing
error; if a second argument is given, then that is returned (converted to an instance of ActionController::Parameters if possible); if a block is given, then that will be run and its result returned.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: "Francesco" })
params.fetch(:person) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco"} permitted: false>
params.fetch(:none) # => ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: none
params.fetch(:none, {}) # => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: false>
params.fetch(:none, "Francesco") # => "Francesco"
params.fetch(:none) { "Francesco" } # => "Francesco"
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 593 def fetch(key, *args) convert_value_to_parameters( @parameters.fetch(key) { if block_given? yield else args.fetch(0) { raise ActionController::ParameterMissing.new(key) } end } ) end |
#init_with(coder) ⇒ Object
:nodoc:
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 786 def init_with(coder) # :nodoc: case coder.tag when "!ruby/hash:ActionController::Parameters" # YAML 2.0.8's format where hash instance variables weren't stored. @parameters = coder.map.with_indifferent_access @permitted = false when "!ruby/hash-with-ivars:ActionController::Parameters" # YAML 2.0.9's Hash subclass format where keys and values # were stored under an elements hash and `permitted` within an ivars hash. @parameters = coder.map["elements"].with_indifferent_access @permitted = coder.map["ivars"][:@permitted] when "!ruby/object:ActionController::Parameters" # YAML's Object format. Only needed because of the format # backwards compatibility above, otherwise equivalent to YAML's initialization. @parameters, @permitted = coder.map["parameters"], coder.map["permitted"] end end |
#inspect ⇒ Object
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 773 def inspect "<#{self.class} #{@parameters} permitted: #{@permitted}>" end |
#keys ⇒ Object
:method: values
:call-seq:
values()
Returns a new array of the values of the parameters.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 214 delegate :keys, :key?, :has_key?, :values, :has_value?, :value?, :empty?, :include?, :as_json, :to_s, :each_key, to: :@parameters |
#merge(other_hash) ⇒ Object
Returns a new ActionController::Parameters
with all keys from other_hash
merged into current hash.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 736 def merge(other_hash) new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status( @parameters.merge(other_hash.to_h) ) end |
#merge!(other_hash) ⇒ Object
Returns current ActionController::Parameters
instance with other_hash
merged into current hash.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 744 def merge!(other_hash) @parameters.merge!(other_hash.to_h) self end |
#permit(*filters) ⇒ Object
Returns a new ActionController::Parameters
instance that includes only the given filters
and sets the permitted
attribute for the object to true
. This is useful for limiting which attributes should be allowed for mass updating.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(user: { name: "Francesco", age: 22, role: "admin" })
permitted = params.require(:user).permit(:name, :age)
permitted.permitted? # => true
permitted.has_key?(:name) # => true
permitted.has_key?(:age) # => true
permitted.has_key?(:role) # => false
Only permitted scalars pass the filter. For example, given
params.permit(:name)
:name
passes if it is a key of params
whose associated value is of type String
, Symbol
, NilClass
, Numeric
, TrueClass
, FalseClass
, Date
, Time
, DateTime
, StringIO
, IO
, ActionDispatch::Http::UploadedFile
or Rack::Test::UploadedFile
. Otherwise, the key :name
is filtered out.
You may declare that the parameter should be an array of permitted scalars by mapping it to an empty array:
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(tags: ["rails", "parameters"])
params.permit(tags: [])
Sometimes it is not possible or convenient to declare the valid keys of a hash parameter or its internal structure. Just map to an empty hash:
params.permit(preferences: {})
Be careful because this opens the door to arbitrary input. In this case, permit
ensures values in the returned structure are permitted scalars and filters out anything else.
You can also use permit
on nested parameters, like:
params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
person: {
name: "Francesco",
age: 22,
pets: [{
name: "Purplish",
category: "dogs"
}]
}
})
permitted = params.permit(person: [ :name, { pets: :name } ])
permitted.permitted? # => true
permitted[:person][:name] # => "Francesco"
permitted[:person][:age] # => nil
permitted[:person][:pets][0][:name] # => "Purplish"
permitted[:person][:pets][0][:category] # => nil
Note that if you use permit
in a key that points to a hash, it won’t allow all the hash. You also need to specify which attributes inside the hash should be permitted.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
person: {
contact: {
email: "[email protected]",
phone: "555-1234"
}
}
})
params.require(:person).permit(:contact)
# => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: true>
params.require(:person).permit(contact: :phone)
# => <ActionController::Parameters {"contact"=><ActionController::Parameters {"phone"=>"555-1234"} permitted: true>} permitted: true>
params.require(:person).permit(contact: [ :email, :phone ])
# => <ActionController::Parameters {"contact"=><ActionController::Parameters {"email"=>"[email protected]", "phone"=>"555-1234"} permitted: true>} permitted: true>
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 547 def permit(*filters) params = self.class.new filters.flatten.each do |filter| case filter when Symbol, String permitted_scalar_filter(params, filter) when Hash hash_filter(params, filter) end end unpermitted_parameters!(params) if self.class.action_on_unpermitted_parameters params.permit! end |
#permit! ⇒ Object
Sets the permitted
attribute to true
. This can be used to pass mass assignment. Returns self
.
class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
end
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(name: "Francesco")
params.permitted? # => false
Person.new(params) # => ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesError
params.permit!
params.permitted? # => true
Person.new(params) # => #<Person id: nil, name: "Francesco">
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 395 def permit! each_pair do |key, value| Array.wrap(value).flatten.each do |v| v.permit! if v.respond_to? :permit! end end @permitted = true self end |
#permitted? ⇒ Boolean
Returns true
if the parameter is permitted, false
otherwise.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new
params.permitted? # => false
params.permit!
params.permitted? # => true
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 379 def permitted? @permitted end |
#reject(&block) ⇒ Object
Returns a new instance of ActionController::Parameters
with items that the block evaluates to true removed.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 717 def reject(&block) new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.reject(&block)) end |
#reject!(&block) ⇒ Object Also known as: delete_if
Removes items that the block evaluates to true and returns self.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 722 def reject!(&block) @parameters.reject!(&block) self end |
#require(key) ⇒ Object Also known as: required
This method accepts both a single key and an array of keys.
When passed a single key, if it exists and its associated value is either present or the singleton false
, returns said value:
ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: "Francesco" }).require(:person)
# => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco"} permitted: false>
Otherwise raises ActionController::ParameterMissing
:
ActionController::Parameters.new.require(:person)
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person
ActionController::Parameters.new(person: nil).require(:person)
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person
ActionController::Parameters.new(person: "\t").require(:person)
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person
ActionController::Parameters.new(person: {}).require(:person)
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person
When given an array of keys, the method tries to require each one of them in order. If it succeeds, an array with the respective return values is returned:
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(user: { ... }, profile: { ... })
user_params, profile_params = params.require([:user, :profile])
Otherwise, the method re-raises the first exception found:
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(user: {}, profile: {})
user_params, profile_params = params.require([:user, :profile])
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: user
Technically this method can be used to fetch terminal values:
# CAREFUL
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: "Finn" })
name = params.require(:person).require(:name) # CAREFUL
but take into account that at some point those ones have to be permitted:
def person_params
params.require(:person).permit(:name).tap do |person_params|
person_params.require(:name) # SAFER
end
end
for example.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 456 def require(key) return key.map { |k| require(k) } if key.is_a?(Array) value = self[key] if value.present? || value == false value else raise ParameterMissing.new(key) end end |
#reverse_merge(other_hash) ⇒ Object Also known as: with_defaults
Returns a new ActionController::Parameters
with all keys from current hash merged into other_hash
.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 751 def reverse_merge(other_hash) new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status( other_hash.to_h.merge(@parameters) ) end |
#reverse_merge!(other_hash) ⇒ Object Also known as: with_defaults!
Returns current ActionController::Parameters
instance with current hash merged into other_hash
.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 760 def reverse_merge!(other_hash) @parameters.merge!(other_hash.to_h) { |key, left, right| left } self end |
#select(&block) ⇒ Object
Returns a new instance of ActionController::Parameters
with only items that the block evaluates to true.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 704 def select(&block) new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.select(&block)) end |
#select!(&block) ⇒ Object Also known as: keep_if
Equivalent to Hash#keep_if, but returns nil
if no changes were made.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 709 def select!(&block) @parameters.select!(&block) self end |
#slice(*keys) ⇒ Object
Returns a new ActionController::Parameters
instance that includes only the given keys
. If the given keys
don’t exist, returns an empty hash.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3)
params.slice(:a, :b) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>1, "b"=>2} permitted: false>
params.slice(:d) # => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: false>
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 626 def slice(*keys) new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.slice(*keys)) end |
#slice!(*keys) ⇒ Object
Returns current ActionController::Parameters
instance which contains only the given keys
.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 632 def slice!(*keys) @parameters.slice!(*keys) self end |
#stringify_keys ⇒ Object
This is required by ActiveModel attribute assignment, so that user can pass Parameters
to a mass assignment methods in a model. It should not matter as we are using HashWithIndifferentAccess
internally.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 769 def stringify_keys # :nodoc: dup end |
#to_h ⇒ Object
Returns a safe ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess
representation of the parameters with all unpermitted keys removed.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
name: "Senjougahara Hitagi",
oddity: "Heavy stone crab"
})
params.to_h
# => ActionController::UnfilteredParameters: unable to convert unpermitted parameters to hash
safe_params = params.permit(:name)
safe_params.to_h # => {"name"=>"Senjougahara Hitagi"}
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 269 def to_h if permitted? convert_parameters_to_hashes(@parameters, :to_h) else raise UnfilteredParameters end end |
#to_hash ⇒ Object
Returns a safe Hash
representation of the parameters with all unpermitted keys removed.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
name: "Senjougahara Hitagi",
oddity: "Heavy stone crab"
})
params.to_hash
# => ActionController::UnfilteredParameters: unable to convert unpermitted parameters to hash
safe_params = params.permit(:name)
safe_params.to_hash # => {"name"=>"Senjougahara Hitagi"}
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 289 def to_hash to_h.to_hash end |
#to_query(*args) ⇒ Object Also known as: to_param
Returns a string representation of the receiver suitable for use as a URL query string:
params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
name: "David",
nationality: "Danish"
})
params.to_query
# => ActionController::UnfilteredParameters: unable to convert unpermitted parameters to hash
safe_params = params.permit(:name, :nationality)
safe_params.to_query
# => "name=David&nationality=Danish"
An optional namespace can be passed to enclose key names:
params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
name: "David",
nationality: "Danish"
})
safe_params = params.permit(:name, :nationality)
safe_params.to_query("user")
# => "user%5Bname%5D=David&user%5Bnationality%5D=Danish"
The string pairs “key=value” that conform the query string are sorted lexicographically in ascending order.
This method is also aliased as to_param
.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 321 def to_query(*args) to_h.to_query(*args) end |
#to_unsafe_h ⇒ Object Also known as: to_unsafe_hash
Returns an unsafe, unfiltered ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess
representation of the parameters.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
name: "Senjougahara Hitagi",
oddity: "Heavy stone crab"
})
params.to_unsafe_h
# => {"name"=>"Senjougahara Hitagi", "oddity" => "Heavy stone crab"}
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 336 def to_unsafe_h convert_parameters_to_hashes(@parameters, :to_unsafe_h) end |
#transform_keys(&block) ⇒ Object
Returns a new ActionController::Parameters
instance with the results of running block
once for every key. The values are unchanged.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 679 def transform_keys(&block) return to_enum(:transform_keys) unless block_given? new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status( @parameters.transform_keys(&block) ) end |
#transform_keys!(&block) ⇒ Object
Performs keys transformation and returns the altered ActionController::Parameters
instance.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 688 def transform_keys!(&block) return to_enum(:transform_keys!) unless block_given? @parameters.transform_keys!(&block) self end |
#transform_values ⇒ Object
Returns a new ActionController::Parameters
with the results of running block
once for every value. The keys are unchanged.
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3)
params.transform_values { |x| x * 2 }
# => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>2, "b"=>4, "c"=>6} permitted: false>
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 662 def transform_values return to_enum(:transform_values) unless block_given? new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status( @parameters.transform_values { |v| yield convert_value_to_parameters(v) } ) end |
#transform_values! ⇒ Object
Performs values transformation and returns the altered ActionController::Parameters
instance.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 671 def transform_values! return to_enum(:transform_values!) unless block_given? @parameters.transform_values! { |v| yield convert_value_to_parameters(v) } self end |
#values_at(*keys) ⇒ Object
Returns values that were assigned to the given keys
. Note that all the Hash
objects will be converted to ActionController::Parameters
.
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# File 'lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb', line 730 def values_at(*keys) convert_value_to_parameters(@parameters.values_at(*keys)) end |