Class: ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::TableDefinition

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Includes:
ColumnMethods
Defined in:
lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb

Overview

Represents the schema of an SQL table in an abstract way. This class provides methods for manipulating the schema representation.

Inside migration files, the t object in create_table is actually of this type:

class SomeMigration < ActiveRecord::Migration[7.0]
  def up
    create_table :foo do |t|
      puts t.class  # => "ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::TableDefinition"
    end
  end

  def down
    ...
  end
end

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from ColumnMethods

#primary_key

Constructor Details

#initialize(conn, name, temporary: false, if_not_exists: false, options: nil, as: nil, comment: nil) ⇒ TableDefinition

Returns a new instance of TableDefinition.



306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 306

def initialize(
  conn,
  name,
  temporary: false,
  if_not_exists: false,
  options: nil,
  as: nil,
  comment: nil,
  **
)
  @conn = conn
  @columns_hash = {}
  @indexes = []
  @foreign_keys = []
  @primary_keys = nil
  @check_constraints = []
  @temporary = temporary
  @if_not_exists = if_not_exists
  @options = options
  @as = as
  @name = name
  @comment = comment
end

Instance Attribute Details

#as ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute as.



304
305
306
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 304

def as
  @as
end

#check_constraints ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute check_constraints.



304
305
306
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 304

def check_constraints
  @check_constraints
end

#comment ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute comment.



304
305
306
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 304

def comment
  @comment
end

#foreign_keys ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute foreign_keys.



304
305
306
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 304

def foreign_keys
  @foreign_keys
end

#if_not_exists ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute if_not_exists.



304
305
306
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 304

def if_not_exists
  @if_not_exists
end

#indexes ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute indexes.



304
305
306
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 304

def indexes
  @indexes
end

#name ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute name.



304
305
306
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 304

def name
  @name
end

#options ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute options.



304
305
306
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 304

def options
  @options
end

#temporary ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute temporary.



304
305
306
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 304

def temporary
  @temporary
end

Instance Method Details

#[](name) ⇒ Object

Returns a ColumnDefinition for the column with name name.



339
340
341
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 339

def [](name)
  @columns_hash[name.to_s]
end

#check_constraint(expression, **options) ⇒ Object 



456
457
458
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 456

def check_constraint(expression, **options)
  check_constraints << new_check_constraint_definition(expression, options)
end

#column(name, type, index: nil, **options) ⇒ Object

Instantiates a new column for the table. See connection.add_column for available options.

Additional options are:

  • :index - Create an index for the column. Can be either true or an options hash.

This method returns self.

Examples

# Assuming +td+ is an instance of TableDefinition
td.column(:granted, :boolean, index: true)

Short-hand examples

Instead of calling #column directly, you can also work with the short-hand definitions for the default types. They use the type as the method name instead of as a parameter and allow for multiple columns to be defined in a single statement.

What can be written like this with the regular calls to column:

create_table :products do |t|
  t.column :shop_id,     :integer
  t.column :creator_id,  :integer
  t.column :item_number, :string
  t.column :name,        :string, default: "Untitled"
  t.column :value,       :string, default: "Untitled"
  t.column :created_at,  :datetime
  t.column :updated_at,  :datetime
end
add_index :products, :item_number

can also be written as follows using the short-hand:

create_table :products do |t|
  t.integer :shop_id, :creator_id
  t.string  :item_number, index: true
  t.string  :name, :value, default: "Untitled"
  t.timestamps null: false
end

There’s a short-hand method for each of the type values declared at the top. And then there’s TableDefinition#timestamps that’ll add created_at and updated_at as datetimes.

TableDefinition#references will add an appropriately-named _id column, plus a corresponding _type column if the :polymorphic option is supplied. If :polymorphic is a hash of options, these will be used when creating the _type column. The :index option will also create an index, similar to calling add_index. So what can be written like this:

create_table :taggings do |t|
  t.integer :tag_id, :tagger_id, :taggable_id
  t.string  :tagger_type
  t.string  :taggable_type, default: 'Photo'
end
add_index :taggings, :tag_id, name: 'index_taggings_on_tag_id'
add_index :taggings, [:tagger_id, :tagger_type]

Can also be written as follows using references:

create_table :taggings do |t|
  t.references :tag, index: { name: 'index_taggings_on_tag_id' }
  t.references :tagger, polymorphic: true
  t.references :taggable, polymorphic: { default: 'Photo' }, index: false
end



410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 410

def column(name, type, index: nil, **options)
  name = name.to_s
  type = type.to_sym if type

  if @columns_hash[name]
    if @columns_hash[name].primary_key?
      raise ArgumentError, "you can't redefine the primary key column '#{name}'. To define a custom primary key, pass { id: false } to create_table."
    else
      raise ArgumentError, "you can't define an already defined column '#{name}'."
    end
  end

  if @conn.supports_datetime_with_precision?
    if type == :datetime && !options.key?(:precision)
      options[:precision] = 6
    end
  end

  @columns_hash[name] = new_column_definition(name, type, **options)

  if index
    index_options = index.is_a?(Hash) ? index : {}
    index(name, **index_options)
  end

  self
end

#columns ⇒ Object

Returns an array of ColumnDefinition objects for the columns of the table.



336
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 336

def columns; @columns_hash.values; end

#foreign_key(to_table, **options) ⇒ Object 



452
453
454
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 452

def foreign_key(to_table, **options)
  foreign_keys << new_foreign_key_definition(to_table, options)
end

#index(column_name, **options) ⇒ Object

Adds index options to the indexes hash, keyed by column name This is primarily used to track indexes that need to be created after the table

index(:account_id, name: 'index_projects_on_account_id')



448
449
450
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 448

def index(column_name, **options)
  indexes << [column_name, options]
end

#new_check_constraint_definition(expression, options) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



507
508
509
510
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 507

def new_check_constraint_definition(expression, options) # :nodoc:
  options = @conn.check_constraint_options(name, expression, options)
  CheckConstraintDefinition.new(name, expression, options)
end

#new_column_definition(name, type, **options) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 489

def new_column_definition(name, type, **options) # :nodoc:
  if integer_like_primary_key?(type, options)
    type = integer_like_primary_key_type(type, options)
  end
  type = aliased_types(type.to_s, type)
  options[:primary_key] ||= type == :primary_key
  options[:null] = false if options[:primary_key]
  create_column_definition(name, type, options)
end

#new_foreign_key_definition(to_table, options) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



499
500
501
502
503
504
505
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 499

def new_foreign_key_definition(to_table, options) # :nodoc:
  prefix = ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_prefix
  suffix = ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_suffix
  to_table = "#{prefix}#{to_table}#{suffix}"
  options = @conn.foreign_key_options(name, to_table, options)
  ForeignKeyDefinition.new(name, to_table, options)
end

#primary_keys(name = nil) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



330
331
332
333
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 330

def primary_keys(name = nil) # :nodoc:
  @primary_keys = PrimaryKeyDefinition.new(name) if name
  @primary_keys
end

#references(*args, **options) ⇒ Object Also known as: belongs_to

Adds a reference.

t.references(:user)
t.belongs_to(:supplier, foreign_key: true)
t.belongs_to(:supplier, foreign_key: true, type: :integer)

See connection.add_reference for details of the options you can use.



482
483
484
485
486
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 482

def references(*args, **options)
  args.each do |ref_name|
    ReferenceDefinition.new(ref_name, **options).add_to(self)
  end
end

#remove_column(name) ⇒ Object

remove the column name from the table.

remove_column(:account_id)



440
441
442
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 440

def remove_column(name)
  @columns_hash.delete name.to_s
end

#timestamps(**options) ⇒ Object

Appends :datetime columns :created_at and :updated_at to the table. See connection.add_timestamps

t.timestamps null: false



464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
 
# File 'lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb', line 464

def timestamps(**options)
  options[:null] = false if options[:null].nil?

  if !options.key?(:precision) && @conn.supports_datetime_with_precision?
    options[:precision] = 6
  end

  column(:created_at, :datetime, **options)
  column(:updated_at, :datetime, **options)
end