Class: Google::Cloud::Storage::File

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb,
lib/google/cloud/storage/file/acl.rb,
lib/google/cloud/storage/file/list.rb,
lib/google/cloud/storage/file/verifier.rb,
lib/google/cloud/storage/file/signer_v2.rb,
lib/google/cloud/storage/file/signer_v4.rb

Overview

File

Represents a File (Object) that belongs to a Bucket. Files (Objects) are the individual pieces of data that you store in Google Cloud Storage. A file can be up to 5 TB in size. Files have two components: data and metadata. The data component is the data from an external file or other data source that you want to store in Google Cloud Storage. The metadata component is a collection of name-value pairs that describe various qualities of the data.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.download "path/to/downloaded/file.ext"

Download a public file with an unauthenticated client:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.anonymous

bucket = storage.bucket "public-bucket", skip_lookup: true
file = bucket.file "path/to/public-file.ext", skip_lookup: true

downloaded = file.download
downloaded.rewind
downloaded.read #=> "Hello world!"

See Also:

Direct Known Subclasses

Updater

Defined Under Namespace

Classes: Acl, List, Updater

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Attribute Details

#user_project ⇒ Object

If this attribute is set to true, transit costs for operations on the file will be billed to the current project for this client. (See Project#project for the ID of the current project.) If this attribute is set to a project ID, and that project is authorized for the currently authenticated service account, transit costs will be billed to that project. This attribute is required with requester pays-enabled buckets. The default is nil.

In general, this attribute should be set when first retrieving the owning bucket by providing the user_project option to Project#bucket or Project#buckets.

See also Bucket#requester_pays= and Bucket#requester_pays.

Examples:

Setting a non-default project:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "other-project-bucket", user_project: true
file = bucket.file "path/to/file.ext" # Billed to current project
file.user_project = "my-other-project"
file.download "file.ext" # Billed to "my-other-project"


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 97

def user_project
  @user_project
end

Instance Method Details

#acl ⇒ File::Acl

The Acl instance used to control access to the file.

A file has owners, writers, and readers. Permissions can be granted to an individual user's email address, a group's email address, as well as many predefined lists.

Examples:

Grant access to a user by prepending "user-" to an email:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"

email = "[email protected]"
file.acl.add_reader "user-#{email}"

Grant access to a group by prepending "group-" to an email:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"

email = "[email protected]"
file.acl.add_reader "group-#{email}"

Or, grant access via a predefined permissions list:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"

file.acl.public!

Returns:

See Also:



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1938

def acl
  @acl ||= File::Acl.new self
end

#api_url ⇒ String

A URL that can be used to access the file using the REST API.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 175

def api_url
  @gapi.self_link
end

#bucket ⇒ String

The name of the Bucket containing this file.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 144

def bucket
  @gapi.bucket
end

#cache_control ⇒ String

The Cache-Control directive for the file data. If omitted, and the file is accessible to all anonymous users, the default will be public, max-age=3600.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 253

def cache_control
  @gapi.cache_control
end

#cache_control=(cache_control) ⇒ Object

Updates the Cache-Control directive for the file data. If omitted, and the file is accessible to all anonymous users, the default will be public, max-age=3600.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Parameters:

  • cache_control (String) —

    The Cache-Control directive.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 268

def cache_control= cache_control
  @gapi.cache_control = cache_control
  update_gapi! :cache_control
end

#content_disposition ⇒ String

The Content-Disposition of the file data.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 279

def content_disposition
  @gapi.content_disposition
end

#content_disposition=(content_disposition) ⇒ Object

Updates the Content-Disposition of the file data.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Parameters:

  • content_disposition (String) —

    The Content-Disposition of the file.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 293

def content_disposition= content_disposition
  @gapi.content_disposition = content_disposition
  update_gapi! :content_disposition
end

#content_encoding ⇒ String

The Content-Encoding of the file data.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 305

def content_encoding
  @gapi.content_encoding
end

#content_encoding=(content_encoding) ⇒ Object

Updates the Content-Encoding of the file data.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Parameters:

  • content_encoding (String) —

    The Content-Encoding of the file.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 319

def content_encoding= content_encoding
  @gapi.content_encoding = content_encoding
  update_gapi! :content_encoding
end

#content_language ⇒ String

The Content-Language of the file data.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 330

def content_language
  @gapi.content_language
end

#content_language=(content_language) ⇒ Object

Updates the Content-Language of the file data.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Parameters:

  • content_language (String) —

    The Content-Language of the file.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 343

def content_language= content_language
  @gapi.content_language = content_language
  update_gapi! :content_language
end

#content_type ⇒ String

The Content-Type of the file data.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 354

def content_type
  @gapi.content_type
end

#content_type=(content_type) ⇒ Object

Updates the Content-Type of the file data.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Parameters:

  • content_type (String) —

    The Content-Type of the file.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 368

def content_type= content_type
  @gapi.content_type = content_type
  update_gapi! :content_type
end

#copy(dest_bucket_or_path, dest_path = nil, acl: nil, generation: nil, encryption_key: nil, force_copy_metadata: nil) {|file| ... } ⇒ Google::Cloud::Storage::File

Copies the file to a new location. Metadata excluding ACL from the source object will be copied to the destination object unless a block is provided.

If an optional block for updating is provided, only the updates made in this block will appear in the destination object, and other metadata fields in the destination object will not be copied. To copy the other source file metadata fields while updating destination fields in a block, use the force_copy_metadata: true flag, and the client library will copy metadata from source metadata into the copy request.

If a customer-supplied encryption key was used with Bucket#create_file, the encryption_key option must be provided.

Examples:

The file can be copied to a new path in the current bucket:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.copy "path/to/destination/file.ext"

The file can also be copied to a different bucket:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.copy "new-destination-bucket",
          "path/to/destination/file.ext"

The file can also be copied by specifying a generation:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.copy "copy/of/previous/generation/file.ext",
          generation: 123456

The file can be modified during copying:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.copy "new-destination-bucket",
          "path/to/destination/file.ext" do |f|
  f.metadata["copied_from"] = "#{file.bucket}/#{file.name}"
end

Parameters:

  • dest_bucket_or_path (String) —

    Either the bucket to copy the file to, or the path to copy the file to in the current bucket.

  • dest_path (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    If a bucket was provided in the first parameter, this contains the path to copy the file to in the given bucket.

  • acl (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    A predefined set of access controls to apply to new file.

    Acceptable values are:

    • auth, auth_read, authenticated, authenticated_read, authenticatedRead - File owner gets OWNER access, and allAuthenticatedUsers get READER access.
    • owner_full, bucketOwnerFullControl - File owner gets OWNER access, and project team owners get OWNER access.
    • owner_read, bucketOwnerRead - File owner gets OWNER access, and project team owners get READER access.
    • private - File owner gets OWNER access.
    • project_private, projectPrivate - File owner gets OWNER access, and project team members get access according to their roles.
    • public, public_read, publicRead - File owner gets OWNER access, and allUsers get READER access.
  • generation (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Select a specific revision of the file to copy. The default is the latest version.

  • encryption_key (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. The customer-supplied, AES-256 encryption key used to encrypt the file, if one was provided to Bucket#create_file.

  • force_copy_metadata (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. If true and if updates are made in a block, the following fields will be copied from the source file to the destination file (except when changed by updates):

    • cache_control
    • content_disposition
    • content_encoding
    • content_language
    • content_type
    • metadata

    If nil or false, only the updates made in the yielded block will be applied to the destination object. The default is nil.

Yields:

  • (file) —

    a block yielding a delegate object for updating

Returns:



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1166

def copy dest_bucket_or_path, dest_path = nil, acl: nil, generation: nil, encryption_key: nil,
         force_copy_metadata: nil
  rewrite dest_bucket_or_path, dest_path,
          acl: acl, generation: generation,
          encryption_key: encryption_key,
          new_encryption_key: encryption_key,
          force_copy_metadata: force_copy_metadata do |updater|
    yield updater if block_given?
  end
end

#crc32c ⇒ String

The CRC32c checksum of the data, as described in RFC 4960, Appendix B. Encoded using base64 in big-endian byte order.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 233

def crc32c
  @gapi.crc32c
end

#created_at ⇒ DateTime

Creation time of the file.

Returns:

  • (DateTime) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 202

def created_at
  @gapi.time_created
end

#custom_time ⇒ DateTime?

A custom time specified by the user for the file, or nil.

Returns:

  • (DateTime, nil) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 378

def custom_time
  @gapi.custom_time
end

#custom_time=(custom_time) ⇒ Object

Updates the custom time specified by the user for the file. Once set, custom_time can't be unset, and it can only be changed to a time in the future. If custom_time must be unset, you must either perform a rewrite operation, or upload the data again and create a new file.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Parameters:

  • custom_time (DateTime) —

    A custom time specified by the user for the file.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 394

def custom_time= custom_time
  @gapi.custom_time = custom_time
  update_gapi! :custom_time
end

#delete(generation: nil, if_generation_match: nil, if_generation_not_match: nil, if_metageneration_match: nil, if_metageneration_not_match: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Permanently deletes the file.

Raises PermissionDeniedError if the object is subject to an active retention policy or hold. (See #retention_expires_at, Bucket#retention_period, #temporary_hold? and #event_based_hold?.)

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.delete

The file's generation can used by passing true:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.delete generation: true

A generation can also be specified:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.delete generation: 123456

Parameters:

  • generation (Boolean, Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Specify a version of the file to delete. When true, it will delete the version returned by #generation. The default behavior is to delete the latest version of the file (regardless of the version to which the file is set, which is the version returned by #generation.)

  • if_generation_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the file's current generation matches the given value. Setting to 0 makes the operation succeed only if there are no live versions of the file.

  • if_generation_not_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the file's current generation does not match the given value. If no live file exists, the precondition fails. Setting to 0 makes the operation succeed only if there is a live version of the file.

  • if_metageneration_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the file's current metageneration matches the given value.

  • if_metageneration_not_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the file's current metageneration does not match the given value.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the file was deleted.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1550

def delete generation: nil,
           if_generation_match: nil,
           if_generation_not_match: nil,
           if_metageneration_match: nil,
           if_metageneration_not_match: nil
  generation = self.generation if generation == true
  ensure_service!
  service.delete_file bucket,
                      name,
                      generation: generation,
                      if_generation_match: if_generation_match,
                      if_generation_not_match: if_generation_not_match,
                      if_metageneration_match: if_metageneration_match,
                      if_metageneration_not_match: if_metageneration_not_match,
                      user_project: user_project
  true
end

#download(path = nil, verify: :md5, encryption_key: nil, range: nil, skip_decompress: nil) ⇒ ::File, StringIO

Downloads the file's contents to a local file or an File-like object.

By default, the download is verified by calculating the MD5 digest.

If a customer-supplied encryption key was used with Bucket#create_file, the encryption_key option must be provided.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.download "path/to/downloaded/file.ext"

Use the CRC32c digest by passing :crc32c.

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.download "path/to/downloaded/file.ext", verify: :crc32c

Use the MD5 and CRC32c digests by passing :all.

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.download "path/to/downloaded/file.ext", verify: :all

Disable the download verification by passing :none.

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.download "path/to/downloaded/file.ext", verify: :none

Download to an in-memory StringIO object.

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
downloaded = file.download
downloaded.rewind
downloaded.read #=> "Hello world!"

Download a public file with an unauthenticated client.

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.anonymous

bucket = storage.bucket "public-bucket", skip_lookup: true
file = bucket.file "path/to/public-file.ext", skip_lookup: true

downloaded = file.download
downloaded.rewind
downloaded.read #=> "Hello world!"

Upload and download gzip-encoded file data.

require "zlib"
require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

gz = StringIO.new ""
z = Zlib::GzipWriter.new gz
z.write "Hello world!"
z.close
data = StringIO.new gz.string

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

bucket.create_file data, "path/to/gzipped.txt",
                   content_encoding: "gzip"

file = bucket.file "path/to/gzipped.txt"

# The downloaded data is decompressed by default.
file.download "path/to/downloaded/hello.txt"

# The downloaded data remains compressed with skip_decompress.
file.download "path/to/downloaded/gzipped.txt",
              skip_decompress: true

Partially download.


require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"

downloaded = file.download range: 6..10
downloaded.rewind
downloaded.read #=> "world"

Parameters:

  • path (String, ::File) (defaults to: nil) —

    The path on the local file system to write the data to. The path provided must be writable. Can also be an File object, or File-like object such as StringIO. If an file object, the object will be written to, not the filesystem. If omitted, a new StringIO instance will be written to and returned. Optional.

  • verify (Symbol) (defaults to: :md5) —

    The verification algorithm used to ensure the downloaded file contents are correct. Default is :md5.

    Acceptable values are:

    • md5 - Verify file content match using the MD5 hash.
    • crc32c - Verify file content match using the CRC32c hash.
    • all - Perform all available file content verification.
    • none - Don't perform file content verification.
  • encryption_key (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. The customer-supplied, AES-256 encryption key used to encrypt the file, if one was provided to Bucket#create_file.

  • range (Range, String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. The byte range of the file's contents to download or a string header value. Provide this to perform a partial download. When a range is provided, no verification is performed regardless of the verify parameter's value.

  • skip_decompress (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. If true, the data for a Storage object returning a Content-Encoding: gzip response header will not be automatically decompressed by this client library. The default is nil. Note that all requests by this client library send the Accept-Encoding: gzip header, so decompressive transcoding is not performed in the Storage service. (See Transcoding of gzip-compressed files)

Returns:

  • (::File, StringIO) —

    Returns a file object representing the file data. This will ordinarily be a ::File object referencing the local file system. However, if the argument to path is nil, a StringIO instance will be returned. If the argument to path is an File-like object, then that object will be returned.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1038

def download path = nil, verify: :md5, encryption_key: nil, range: nil,
             skip_decompress: nil
  ensure_service!
  if path.nil?
    path = StringIO.new
    path.set_encoding "ASCII-8BIT"
  end
  file, resp =
    service.download_file bucket, name, path,
                          generation: generation, key: encryption_key,
                          range: range, user_project: user_project
  # FIX: downloading with encryption key will return nil
  file ||= ::File.new path
  verify = :none if range
  verify_file! file, verify
  if !skip_decompress &&
     Array(resp.header["Content-Encoding"]).include?("gzip")
    file = gzip_decompress file
  end
  file
end

#encryption_key_sha256 ⇒ String?

An RFC 4648 Base64-encoded string of the SHA256 hash of the customer-supplied encryption key. You can use this SHA256 hash to uniquely identify the AES-256 encryption key required to decrypt this file.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    The encoded SHA256 hash, or nil if there is no customer-supplied encryption key for this file.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 439

def encryption_key_sha256
  return nil unless @gapi.customer_encryption
  Base64.decode64 @gapi.customer_encryption.key_sha256
end

#etag ⇒ String

HTTP 1.1 Entity tag for the file.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 242

def etag
  @gapi.etag
end

#event_based_hold? ⇒ Boolean

Whether there is an event-based hold on the file. An event-based hold will be enforced on the file as long as this property is true, even if the bucket-level retention policy would normally allow deletion. Removing the event-based hold extends the retention duration of the file to the current date plus the bucket-level policy duration. Removing the event-based hold represents that a retention-related event has occurred, and thus the retention clock ticks from the moment of the event as opposed to the creation date of the object. The default value is configured at the bucket level (which defaults to false), and is assigned to newly-created objects.

See #set_event_based_hold!, #release_event_based_hold!, Bucket#default_event_based_hold? and Bucket#default_event_based_hold=.

If a bucket's retention policy duration is modified after the event-based hold flag is unset, the updated retention duration applies retroactively to objects that previously had event-based holds. For example:

  • If the bucket's [unlocked] retention policy is removed, objects with event-based holds may be deleted immediately after the hold is removed (the duration of a nonexistent policy for the purpose of event-based holds is considered to be zero).
  • If the bucket's [unlocked] policy is reduced, objects with previously released event-based holds will be have their retention expiration dates reduced accordingly.
  • If the bucket's policy is extended, objects with previously released event-based holds will have their retention expiration dates extended accordingly. However, note that objects with event-based holds released prior to the effective date of the new policy may have already been deleted by the user.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
bucket.retention_period = 2592000 # 30 days in seconds

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"

file.event_based_hold? #=> false
file.set_event_based_hold!
file.delete # raises Google::Cloud::PermissionDeniedError
file.release_event_based_hold!

# The end of the retention period is calculated from the time that
# the event-based hold was released.
file.retention_expires_at

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if there is an event-based hold on the file, otherwise false.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 642

def event_based_hold?
  !@gapi.event_based_hold.nil? && @gapi.event_based_hold
end

#exists? ⇒ Boolean

Determines whether the file exists in the Storage service.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1994

def exists?
  # Always true if we have a grpc object
  return true unless lazy?
  # If we have a value, return it
  return @exists unless @exists.nil?
  ensure_gapi!
  @exists = true
rescue Google::Cloud::NotFoundError
  @exists = false
end

#generation ⇒ Fixnum

The content generation of this file. Used for object versioning.

Returns:

  • (Fixnum) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 154

def generation
  @gapi.generation
end

#generations ⇒ Array<Google::Cloud::Storage::File>

Retrieves a list of versioned files for the current object.

Useful for listing archived versions of the file, restoring the live version of the file to an older version, or deleting an archived version. You can turn versioning on or off for a bucket at any time with Bucket#versioning=. Turning versioning off leaves existing file versions in place and causes the bucket to stop accumulating new archived object versions. (See Bucket#versioning? and #generation)

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.generation #=> 1234567890
file.generations.each do |versioned_file|
  versioned_file.generation
end

Returns:

See Also:



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 796

def generations
  ensure_service!
  gapi = service.list_files bucket, prefix: name,
                                    versions: true,
                                    user_project: user_project
  File::List.from_gapi gapi, service, bucket, name, nil, nil, true,
                       user_project: user_project
end

#id ⇒ String

The ID of the file.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 126

def id
  @gapi.id
end

#kind ⇒ String

The kind of item this is. For files, this is always storage#object.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 117

def kind
  @gapi.kind
end

#kms_key ⇒ String?

The Cloud KMS encryption key that was used to protect the file, or nil if none has been configured.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    A Cloud KMS encryption key, or nil if none has been configured.

See Also:



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 454

def kms_key
  @gapi.kms_key_name
end

#md5 ⇒ String

MD5 hash of the data; encoded using base64.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 222

def md5
  @gapi.md5_hash
end

#media_url ⇒ String

A URL that can be used to download the file using the REST API.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 184

def media_url
  @gapi.media_link
end

#metadata ⇒ Hash(String => String)

A hash of custom, user-provided web-safe keys and arbitrary string values that will returned with requests for the file as "x-goog-meta-" response headers.

Returns:

  • (Hash(String => String)) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 406

def metadata
  m = @gapi.metadata
  m = m.to_h if m.respond_to? :to_h
  m.dup.freeze
end

#metadata=(metadata) ⇒ Object

Updates the hash of custom, user-provided web-safe keys and arbitrary string values that will returned with requests for the file as "x-goog-meta-" response headers.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Parameters:

  • metadata (Hash(String => String)) —

    The user-provided metadata, in key/value pairs.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 423

def metadata= metadata
  @gapi.metadata = metadata
  update_gapi! :metadata
end

#metageneration ⇒ Fixnum

The version of the metadata for this file at this generation. Used for preconditions and for detecting changes in metadata. A metageneration number is only meaningful in the context of a particular generation of a particular file.

Returns:

  • (Fixnum) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 166

def metageneration
  @gapi.metageneration
end

#name ⇒ String

The name of this file.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 135

def name
  @gapi.name
end

#public_url(protocol: :https) ⇒ String Also known as: url

Public URL to access the file. If the file is not public, requests to the URL will return an error. (See Google::Cloud::Storage::File::Acl#public! and Bucket::DefaultAcl#public!) To share a file that is not public see #signed_url.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"
public_url = file.public_url

Generate the URL with a protocol other than HTTPS:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"
public_url = file.public_url protocol: "http"

Parameters:

  • protocol (String) (defaults to: :https) —

    The protocol to use for the URL. Default is HTTPS.

Returns:

  • (String)

See Also:



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1658

def public_url protocol: :https
  "#{protocol}://storage.googleapis.com/#{bucket}/#{name}"
end

#release_event_based_hold! ⇒ Object

Sets the event-based hold property of the file to false. Removing the event-based hold extends the retention duration of the file to the current date plus the bucket-level policy duration. Removing the event-based hold represents that a retention-related event has occurred, and thus the retention clock ticks from the moment of the event as opposed to the creation date of the object. The default value is configured at the bucket level (which defaults to false), and is assigned to newly-created objects.

See #event_based_hold?, #set_event_based_hold!, Bucket#default_event_based_hold? and Bucket#default_event_based_hold=.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
bucket.retention_period = 2592000 # 30 days in seconds

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"

file.event_based_hold? #=> false
file.set_event_based_hold!
file.delete # raises Google::Cloud::PermissionDeniedError
file.release_event_based_hold!

# The end of the retention period is calculated from the time that
# the event-based hold was released.
file.retention_expires_at


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 739

def release_event_based_hold!
  @gapi.event_based_hold = false
  update_gapi! :event_based_hold
end

#release_temporary_hold! ⇒ Object

Sets the temporary hold property of the file to false. This property is used to enforce a temporary hold on a file. While it is set to true, the file is protected against deletion and overwrites. Once removed, the file's retention_expires_at date is not changed. The default value is false.

See #retention_expires_at.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"

file.temporary_hold? #=> false
file.set_temporary_hold!
file.delete # raises Google::Cloud::PermissionDeniedError

file.release_temporary_hold!
file.delete


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 581

def release_temporary_hold!
  @gapi.temporary_hold = false
  update_gapi! :temporary_hold
end

#reload!(generation: nil) ⇒ Object Also known as: refresh!

Reloads the file with current data from the Storage service.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.reload!

The file's generation can used by passing true:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext", generation: 123456
file.reload! generation: true

A generation can also be specified:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext", generation: 123456
file.reload! generation: 123457

Parameters:

  • generation (Boolean, Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Specify a version of the file to reload with. When true, it will reload the version returned by #generation. The default behavior is to reload with the latest version of the file (regardless of the version to which the file is set, which is the version returned by #generation.)



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1981

def reload! generation: nil
  generation = self.generation if generation == true
  ensure_service!
  @gapi = service.get_file bucket, name, generation: generation,
                                         user_project: user_project
  # If NotFound then lazy will never be unset
  @lazy = nil
  self
end

#retention ⇒ Google::Apis::StorageV1::Object::Retention

A collection of object level retention parameters. The full list of available options are outlined at the JSON API docs.

Returns:

  • (Google::Apis::StorageV1::Object::Retention) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1589

def retention
  @gapi.retention
end

#retention=(new_retention_attributes) ⇒ Object

Update method to update retention parameter of an object / file It accepts params as a Hash of attributes in the following format:

{ mode: 'Locked|Unlocked', retain_until_time: '2023-12-19T03:22:23+00:00' }

Examples:

Update retention parameters for the File / Object

require "google/cloud/storage"
storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"
retention_params = { mode: 'Unlocked', retain_until_time: '2023-12-19T03:22:23+00:00'.to_datetime }
file.retention = retention_params

Update retention parameters for the File / Object with override enabled

require "google/cloud/storage"
storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"
retention_params = { mode: 'Unlocked',
                     retain_until_time: '2023-12-19T03:22:23+00:00'.to_datetime,
                     override_unlocked_retention: true }
file.retention = retention_params

Parameters:

  • new_retention_attributes (Hash(String => String)) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1619

def retention= new_retention_attributes
  @gapi.retention ||= Google::Apis::StorageV1::Object::Retention.new
  @gapi.retention.mode = new_retention_attributes[:mode]
  @gapi.retention.retain_until_time = new_retention_attributes[:retain_until_time]
  update_gapi! :retention, override_unlocked_retention: new_retention_attributes[:override_unlocked_retention]
end

#retention_expires_at ⇒ DateTime?

The retention expiration time of the file. This field is indirectly mutable when the retention policy applicable to the object changes. The date represents the earliest time that the object could be deleted, assuming no temporary hold is set. (See #temporary_hold?.) It is provided when both of the following are true:

  • There is a retention policy on the bucket.
  • The eventBasedHold flag is unset on the object.

Note that it can be provided even when #temporary_hold? is true (so that the user can reason about policy without having to first unset the temporary hold).

Returns:

  • (DateTime, nil) —

    A DateTime representing the earliest time at which the object can be deleted, or nil if there are no restrictions on deleting the object.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 762

def retention_expires_at
  @gapi.retention_expiration_time
end

#retention_mode ⇒ String

Mode of object level retention configuration. Valid values are 'Locked' or 'Unlocked'

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1572

def retention_mode
  @gapi.retention&.mode
end

#retention_retain_until_time ⇒ DateTime

The earliest time in RFC 3339 UTC "Zulu" format that the object can be deleted or replaced.

Returns:

  • (DateTime) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1580

def retention_retain_until_time
  @gapi.retention&.retain_until_time
end

#rewrite(dest_bucket_or_path, dest_path = nil, acl: nil, generation: nil, if_generation_match: nil, if_generation_not_match: nil, if_metageneration_match: nil, if_metageneration_not_match: nil, if_source_generation_match: nil, if_source_generation_not_match: nil, if_source_metageneration_match: nil, if_source_metageneration_not_match: nil, encryption_key: nil, new_encryption_key: nil, new_kms_key: nil, force_copy_metadata: nil) {|file| ... } ⇒ Google::Cloud::Storage::File

Rewrites the file to a new location. Or the same location can be provided to rewrite the file in place. Metadata from the source object will be copied to the destination object unless a block is provided.

If an optional block for updating is provided, only the updates made in this block will appear in the destination object, and other metadata fields in the destination object will not be copied. To copy the other source file metadata fields while updating destination fields in a block, use the force_copy_metadata: true flag, and the client library will copy metadata from source metadata into the copy request.

If a customer-supplied encryption key was used with Bucket#create_file, the encryption_key option must be provided. Unlike #copy, separate encryption keys are used to read (encryption_key) and to write (new_encryption_key) file contents.

Examples:

The file can be rewritten to a new path in the bucket:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.rewrite "path/to/destination/file.ext"

The file can also be rewritten to a different bucket:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.rewrite "new-destination-bucket",
             "path/to/destination/file.ext"

The file can also be rewritten by specifying a generation:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.rewrite "copy/of/previous/generation/file.ext",
             generation: 123456

The file can be modified during rewriting:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"
file.rewrite "new-destination-bucket",
             "path/to/destination/file.ext" do |f|
  f.metadata["rewritten_from"] = "#{file.bucket}/#{file.name}"
end

Rewriting with a customer-supplied encryption key:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

# Old key was stored securely for later use.
old_key = "y\x03\"\x0E\xB6\xD3\x9B\x0E\xAB*\x19\xFAv\xDEY\xBEI..."

# Key generation shown for example purposes only. Write your own.
cipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new "aes-256-cfb"
cipher.encrypt
new_key = cipher.random_key

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext", encryption_key: old_key
file.rewrite "new-destination-bucket",
             "path/to/destination/file.ext",
             encryption_key: old_key,
             new_encryption_key: new_key do |f|
  f.metadata["rewritten_from"] = "#{file.bucket}/#{file.name}"
end

Rewriting with a customer-managed Cloud KMS encryption key:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

# KMS key ring must use the same location as the bucket.
kms_key_name = "projects/a/locations/b/keyRings/c/cryptoKeys/d"

# Old customer-supplied key was stored securely for later use.
old_key = "y\x03\"\x0E\xB6\xD3\x9B\x0E\xAB*\x19\xFAv\xDEY\xBEI..."

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext", encryption_key: old_key
file.rewrite "new-destination-bucket",
             "path/to/destination/file.ext",
             encryption_key: old_key,
             new_kms_key: kms_key_name do |f|
  f.metadata["rewritten_from"] = "#{file.bucket}/#{file.name}"
end

Parameters:

  • dest_bucket_or_path (String) —

    Either the bucket to rewrite the file to, or the path to rewrite the file to in the current bucket.

  • dest_path (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    If a bucket was provided in the first parameter, this contains the path to rewrite the file to in the given bucket.

  • acl (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    A predefined set of access controls to apply to new file.

    Acceptable values are:

    • auth, auth_read, authenticated, authenticated_read, authenticatedRead - File owner gets OWNER access, and allAuthenticatedUsers get READER access.
    • owner_full, bucketOwnerFullControl - File owner gets OWNER access, and project team owners get OWNER access.
    • owner_read, bucketOwnerRead - File owner gets OWNER access, and project team owners get READER access.
    • private - File owner gets OWNER access.
    • project_private, projectPrivate - File owner gets OWNER access, and project team members get access according to their roles.
    • public, public_read, publicRead - File owner gets OWNER access, and allUsers get READER access.
  • generation (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Select a specific revision of the file to rewrite. The default is the latest version.

  • if_generation_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the destination file's current generation matches the given value. Setting to 0 makes the operation succeed only if there are no live versions of the file.

  • if_generation_not_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the destination file's current generation does not match the given value. If no live file exists, the precondition fails. Setting to 0 makes the operation succeed only if there is a live version of the file.

  • if_metageneration_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the destination file's current metageneration matches the given value.

  • if_metageneration_not_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the destination file's current metageneration does not match the given value.

  • if_source_generation_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the source object's current generation matches the given value.

  • if_source_generation_not_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the source object's current generation does not match the given value.

  • if_source_metageneration_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the source object's current metageneration matches the given value.

  • if_source_metageneration_not_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the source object's current metageneration does not match the given value.

  • encryption_key (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. The customer-supplied, AES-256 encryption key used to decrypt the file, if the existing file is encrypted.

  • new_encryption_key (String, nil) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. The new customer-supplied, AES-256 encryption key with which to encrypt the file. If not provided, the rewritten file will be encrypted using the default server-side encryption, or the new_kms_key if one is provided. Do not provide if new_kms_key is used.

  • new_kms_key (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. Resource name of the Cloud KMS key, of the form projects/my-prj/locations/kr-loc/keyRings/my-kr/cryptoKeys/my-key, that will be used to encrypt the file. The KMS key ring must use the same location as the bucket.The Service Account associated with your project requires access to this encryption key. Do not provide if new_encryption_key is used.

  • force_copy_metadata (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. If true and if updates are made in a block, the following fields will be copied from the source file to the destination file (except when changed by updates):

    • cache_control
    • content_disposition
    • content_encoding
    • content_language
    • content_type
    • metadata

    If nil or false, only the updates made in the yielded block will be applied to the destination object. The default is nil.

Yields:

  • (file) —

    a block yielding a delegate object for updating

Returns:



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1363

def rewrite dest_bucket_or_path,
            dest_path = nil,
            acl: nil,
            generation: nil,
            if_generation_match: nil,
            if_generation_not_match: nil,
            if_metageneration_match: nil,
            if_metageneration_not_match: nil,
            if_source_generation_match: nil,
            if_source_generation_not_match: nil,
            if_source_metageneration_match: nil,
            if_source_metageneration_not_match: nil,
            encryption_key: nil,
            new_encryption_key: nil,
            new_kms_key: nil,
            force_copy_metadata: nil
  ensure_service!
  dest_bucket, dest_path = fix_rewrite_args dest_bucket_or_path, dest_path

  update_gapi = nil
  if block_given?
    updater = Updater.new gapi.dup
    yield updater
    updater.check_for_changed_metadata!
    if updater.updates.any?
      attributes = force_copy_metadata ? (Updater::COPY_ATTRS + updater.updates).uniq : updater.updates
      update_gapi = self.class.gapi_from_attrs updater.gapi, attributes
    end
  end

  new_gapi = rewrite_gapi bucket,
                          name,
                          update_gapi,
                          new_bucket: dest_bucket,
                          new_name: dest_path,
                          acl: acl,
                          generation: generation,
                          if_generation_match: if_generation_match,
                          if_generation_not_match: if_generation_not_match,
                          if_metageneration_match: if_metageneration_match,
                          if_metageneration_not_match: if_metageneration_not_match,
                          if_source_generation_match: if_source_generation_match,
                          if_source_generation_not_match: if_source_generation_not_match,
                          if_source_metageneration_match: if_source_metageneration_match,
                          if_source_metageneration_not_match: if_source_metageneration_not_match,
                          encryption_key: encryption_key,
                          new_encryption_key: new_encryption_key,
                          new_kms_key: new_kms_key,
                          user_project: user_project

  File.from_gapi new_gapi, service, user_project: user_project
end

#rotate(encryption_key: nil, new_encryption_key: nil, new_kms_key: nil) ⇒ Google::Cloud::Storage::File

Rewrites the file to the same #bucket and #name with a new customer-supplied encryption key.

If a new key is provided to this method, the new key must be used to subsequently download or copy the file. You must securely manage your keys and ensure that they are not lost. Also, please note that file metadata is not encrypted, with the exception of the CRC32C checksum and MD5 hash. The names of files and buckets are also not encrypted, and you can read or update the metadata of an encrypted file without providing the encryption key.

Examples:

Rotating to a new customer-supplied encryption key:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

# Old key was stored securely for later use.
old_key = "y\x03\"\x0E\xB6\xD3\x9B\x0E\xAB*\x19\xFAv\xDEY\xBEI..."

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext", encryption_key: old_key

# Key generation shown for example purposes only. Write your own.
cipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new "aes-256-cfb"
cipher.encrypt
new_key = cipher.random_key

file.rotate encryption_key: old_key, new_encryption_key: new_key

Rotating to a customer-managed Cloud KMS encryption key:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

# KMS key ring must use the same location as the bucket.
kms_key_name = "projects/a/locations/b/keyRings/c/cryptoKeys/d"

# Old key was stored securely for later use.
old_key = "y\x03\"\x0E\xB6\xD3\x9B\x0E\xAB*\x19\xFAv\xDEY\xBEI..."

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext", encryption_key: old_key

file.rotate encryption_key: old_key, new_kms_key: kms_key_name

Parameters:

  • encryption_key (String, nil) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. The last customer-supplied, AES-256 encryption key used to encrypt the file, if one was used.

  • new_encryption_key (String, nil) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. The new customer-supplied, AES-256 encryption key with which to encrypt the file. If not provided, the rewritten file will be encrypted using the default server-side encryption, or the new_kms_key if one is provided. Do not provide if new_kms_key is used.

  • new_kms_key (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. Resource name of the Cloud KMS key, of the form projects/my-prj/locations/kr-loc/keyRings/my-kr/cryptoKeys/my-key, that will be used to encrypt the file. The KMS key ring must use the same location as the bucket.The Service Account associated with your project requires access to this encryption key. Do not provide if new_encryption_key is used.

Returns:

See Also:



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1484

def rotate encryption_key: nil, new_encryption_key: nil,
           new_kms_key: nil
  rewrite bucket, name, encryption_key: encryption_key,
                        new_encryption_key: new_encryption_key,
                        new_kms_key: new_kms_key
end

#set_event_based_hold! ⇒ Object

Sets the event-based hold property of the file to true. This property enforces an event-based hold on the file as long as this property is true, even if the bucket-level retention policy would normally allow deletion. The default value is configured at the bucket level (which defaults to false), and is assigned to newly-created objects.

See #event_based_hold?, #release_event_based_hold!, Bucket#default_event_based_hold? and Bucket#default_event_based_hold=.

If a bucket's retention policy duration is modified after the event-based hold is removed, the updated retention duration applies retroactively to objects that previously had event-based holds. For example:

  • If the bucket's [unlocked] retention policy is removed, objects with event-based holds may be deleted immediately after the hold is removed (the duration of a nonexistent policy for the purpose of event-based holds is considered to be zero).
  • If the bucket's [unlocked] policy is reduced, objects with previously released event-based holds will be have their retention expiration dates reduced accordingly.
  • If the bucket's policy is extended, objects with previously released event-based holds will have their retention expiration dates extended accordingly. However, note that objects with event-based holds released prior to the effective date of the new policy may have already been deleted by the user.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
bucket.retention_period = 2592000 # 30 days in seconds

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"

file.event_based_hold? #=> false
file.set_event_based_hold!
file.delete # raises Google::Cloud::PermissionDeniedError
file.release_event_based_hold!

# The end of the retention period is calculated from the time that
# the event-based hold was released.
file.retention_expires_at


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 698

def set_event_based_hold!
  @gapi.event_based_hold = true
  update_gapi! :event_based_hold
end

#set_temporary_hold! ⇒ Object

Sets the temporary hold property of the file to true. This property is used to enforce a temporary hold on a file. While it is set to true, the file is protected against deletion and overwrites. Once removed, the file's retention_expires_at date is not changed. The default value is false.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

See #retention_expires_at.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"

file.temporary_hold? #=> false
file.set_temporary_hold!
file.delete # raises Google::Cloud::PermissionDeniedError


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 549

def set_temporary_hold!
  @gapi.temporary_hold = true
  update_gapi! :temporary_hold
end

#signed_url(method: "GET", expires: nil, content_type: nil, content_md5: nil, headers: nil, issuer: nil, client_email: nil, signing_key: nil, private_key: nil, signer: nil, query: nil, scheme: "HTTPS", virtual_hosted_style: nil, bucket_bound_hostname: nil, version: nil) ⇒ String

Generates a signed URL for the file. See Signed URLs for more information.

Generating a signed URL requires service account credentials, either by connecting with a service account when calling Google::Cloud.storage, or by passing in the service account issuer and signing_key values. Although the private key can be passed as a string for convenience, creating and storing an instance of OpenSSL::PKey::RSA is more efficient when making multiple calls to signed_url.

A SignedUrlUnavailable is raised if the service account credentials are missing. Service account credentials are acquired by following the steps in Service Account Authentication.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"
shared_url = file.signed_url

Using the expires and version options:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"
shared_url = file.signed_url expires: 300, # 5 minutes from now
                             version: :v4

Using the issuer and signing_key options:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"
key = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\n..."
shared_url = file.signed_url issuer: "[email protected]",
                             signing_key: key

Using the headers option:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png"
shared_url = file.signed_url method: "GET",
                             headers: {
                               "x-goog-acl" => "public-read",
                               "x-goog-meta-foo" => "bar,baz"
                             }

Generating a signed URL for resumable upload:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png", skip_lookup: true
url = file.signed_url method: "POST",
                      content_type: "image/png",
                      headers: {
                        "x-goog-resumable" => "start"
                      }
# Send the `x-goog-resumable:start` header and the content type
# with the resumable upload POST request.

Using Cloud IAMCredentials signBlob to create the signature:

require "google/cloud/storage"
require "google/apis/iamcredentials_v1"
require "googleauth"

# Issuer is the service account email that the Signed URL will be signed with
# and any permission granted in the Signed URL must be granted to the
# Google Service Account.
issuer = "[email protected]"

# Create a lambda that accepts the string_to_sign
signer = lambda do |string_to_sign|
  IAMCredentials = Google::Apis::IamcredentialsV1
  iam_client = IAMCredentials::IAMCredentialsService.new

  # Get the environment configured authorization
  scopes = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/iam"]
  iam_client.authorization = Google::Auth.get_application_default scopes

  request = Google::Apis::IamcredentialsV1::SignBlobRequest.new(
    payload: string_to_sign
  )
  resource = "projects/-/serviceAccounts/#{issuer}"
  response = iam_client. resource, request
  response.signed_blob
end

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-todo-app"
file = bucket.file "avatars/heidi/400x400.png", skip_lookup: true
url = file.signed_url method: "GET", issuer: issuer,
                      signer: signer

Parameters:

  • method (String) (defaults to: "GET") —

    The HTTP verb to be used with the signed URL. Signed URLs can be used with GET, HEAD, PUT, and DELETE requests. Default is GET.

  • expires (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    The number of seconds until the URL expires. If the version is :v2, the default is 300 (5 minutes). If the version is :v4, the default is 604800 (7 days).

  • content_type (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    When provided, the client (browser) must send this value in the HTTP header. e.g. text/plain. This param is not used if the version is :v4.

  • content_md5 (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    The MD5 digest value in base64. If you provide this in the string, the client (usually a browser) must provide this HTTP header with this same value in its request. This param is not used if the version is :v4.

  • headers (Hash) (defaults to: nil) —

    Google extension headers (custom HTTP headers that begin with x-goog-) that must be included in requests that use the signed URL.

  • issuer (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Service Account's Client Email.

  • client_email (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Service Account's Client Email.

  • signing_key (OpenSSL::PKey::RSA, String, Proc) (defaults to: nil) —

    Service Account's Private Key or a Proc that accepts a single String parameter and returns a RSA SHA256 signature using a valid Google Service Account Private Key.

  • private_key (OpenSSL::PKey::RSA, String, Proc) (defaults to: nil) —

    Service Account's Private Key or a Proc that accepts a single String parameter and returns a RSA SHA256 signature using a valid Google Service Account Private Key.

  • signer (OpenSSL::PKey::RSA, String, Proc) (defaults to: nil) —

    Service Account's Private Key or a Proc that accepts a single String parameter and returns a RSA SHA256 signature using a valid Google Service Account Private Key.

    When using this method in environments such as GAE Flexible Environment, GKE, or Cloud Functions where the private key is unavailable, it may be necessary to provide a Proc (or lambda) via the signer parameter. This Proc should return a signature created using a RPC call to the Service Account Credentials signBlob method as shown in the example below.

  • query (Hash) (defaults to: nil) —

    Query string parameters to include in the signed URL. The given parameters are not verified by the signature.

    Parameters such as response-content-disposition and response-content-type can alter the behavior of the response when using the URL, but only when the file resource is missing the corresponding values. (These values can be permanently set using #content_disposition= and #content_type=.)

  • scheme (String) (defaults to: "HTTPS") —

    The URL scheme. The default value is HTTPS.

  • virtual_hosted_style (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Whether to use a virtual hosted-style hostname, which adds the bucket into the host portion of the URI rather than the path, e.g. https://mybucket.storage.googleapis.com/.... For V4 signing, this also sets the host header in the canonicalized extension headers to the virtual hosted-style host, unless that header is supplied via the headers param. The default value of false uses the form of https://storage.googleapis.com/mybucket.

  • bucket_bound_hostname (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Use a bucket-bound hostname, which replaces the storage.googleapis.com host with the name of a CNAME bucket, e.g. a bucket named gcs-subdomain.my.domain.tld, or a Google Cloud Load Balancer which routes to a bucket you own, e.g. my-load-balancer-domain.tld.

  • version (Symbol, String) (defaults to: nil) —

    The version of the signed credential to create. Must be one of :v2 or :v4. The default value is :v2.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    The signed URL.

Raises:

See Also:



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 1844

def signed_url method: "GET",
               expires: nil,
               content_type: nil,
               content_md5: nil,
               headers: nil,
               issuer: nil,
               client_email: nil,
               signing_key: nil,
               private_key: nil,
               signer: nil,
               query: nil,
               scheme: "HTTPS",
               virtual_hosted_style: nil,
               bucket_bound_hostname: nil,
               version: nil
  ensure_service!
  version ||= :v2
  case version.to_sym
  when :v2
    sign = File::SignerV2.from_file self
    sign.signed_url method: method,
                    expires: expires,
                    headers: headers,
                    content_type: content_type,
                    content_md5: content_md5,
                    issuer: issuer,
                    client_email: client_email,
                    signing_key: signing_key,
                    private_key: private_key,
                    signer: signer,
                    query: query
  when :v4
    sign = File::SignerV4.from_file self
    sign.signed_url method: method,
                    expires: expires,
                    headers: headers,
                    issuer: issuer,
                    client_email: client_email,
                    signing_key: signing_key,
                    private_key: private_key,
                    signer: signer,
                    query: query,
                    scheme: scheme,
                    virtual_hosted_style: virtual_hosted_style,
                    bucket_bound_hostname: bucket_bound_hostname
  else
    raise ArgumentError, "version '#{version}' not supported"
  end
end

#size ⇒ Integer

Content-Length of the data in bytes.

Returns:

  • (Integer) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 193

def size
  @gapi.size&.to_i
end

#storage_class ⇒ String

The file's storage class. This defines how the file is stored and determines the SLA and the cost of storage. For more information, see Storage Classes and Per-Object Storage Class.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 468

def storage_class
  @gapi.storage_class
end

#storage_class=(storage_class) ⇒ Object

Rewrites the file with a new storage class, which determines the SLA and the cost of storage. Accepted values include:

  • :standard
  • :nearline
  • :coldline
  • :archive

as well as the equivalent strings returned by #storage_class or Bucket#storage_class. For more information, see Storage Classes and Per-Object Storage Class. The default value is the default storage class for the bucket. See Bucket#storage_class.

To pass generation and/or metageneration preconditions, call this method within a block passed to #update.

Parameters:

  • storage_class (Symbol, String) —

    Storage class of the file.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 494

def storage_class= storage_class
  @gapi.storage_class = storage_class_for storage_class
  update_gapi! :storage_class
end

#temporary_hold? ⇒ Boolean

Whether there is a temporary hold on the file. A temporary hold will be enforced on the file as long as this property is true, even if the bucket-level retention policy would normally allow deletion. When the temporary hold is removed, the normal bucket-level policy rules once again apply. The default value is false.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"

file.temporary_hold? #=> false
file.set_temporary_hold!
file.delete # raises Google::Cloud::PermissionDeniedError

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if there is a temporary hold on the file, otherwise false.



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 521

def temporary_hold?
  !@gapi.temporary_hold.nil? && @gapi.temporary_hold
end

#update(generation: nil, if_generation_match: nil, if_generation_not_match: nil, if_metageneration_match: nil, if_metageneration_not_match: nil, override_unlocked_retention: nil) {|file| ... } ⇒ Object

Updates the file with changes made in the given block in a single PATCH request. The following attributes may be set: #cache_control=, #content_disposition=, #content_encoding=, #content_language=, #content_type=, #custom_time= and #metadata=. The #metadata hash accessible in the block is completely mutable and will be included in the request.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"

file.update do |f|
  f.cache_control = "private, max-age=0, no-cache"
  f.content_disposition = "inline; filename=filename.ext"
  f.content_encoding = "deflate"
  f.content_language = "de"
  f.content_type = "application/json"
  f.custom_time = DateTime.new 2025, 12, 31
  f.metadata["player"] = "Bob"
  f.metadata["score"] = "10"
end

With a if_generation_match precondition:

require "google/cloud/storage"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"

file = bucket.file "path/to/my-file.ext"

file.update if_generation_match: 1602263125261858 do |f|
  f.cache_control = "private, max-age=0, no-cache"
end

Parameters:

  • generation (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Select a specific revision of the file to update. The default is the latest version.

  • if_generation_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the file's current generation matches the given value. Setting to 0 makes the operation succeed only if there are no live versions of the file.

  • if_generation_not_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the file's current generation does not match the given value. If no live file exists, the precondition fails. Setting to 0 makes the operation succeed only if there is a live version of the file.

  • if_metageneration_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the file's current metageneration matches the given value.

  • if_metageneration_not_match (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Makes the operation conditional on whether the file's current metageneration does not match the given value.

  • override_unlocked_retention (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Must be true to remove the retention configuration, reduce its unlocked retention period, or change its mode from unlocked to locked.

Yields:

  • (file) —

    a block yielding a delegate object for updating the file



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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 867

def update generation: nil,
           if_generation_match: nil,
           if_generation_not_match: nil,
           if_metageneration_match: nil,
           if_metageneration_not_match: nil,
           override_unlocked_retention: nil
  updater = Updater.new gapi
  yield updater
  updater.check_for_changed_metadata!
  return if updater.updates.empty?
  update_gapi! updater.updates,
               generation: generation,
               if_generation_match: if_generation_match,
               if_generation_not_match: if_generation_not_match,
               if_metageneration_match: if_metageneration_match,
               if_metageneration_not_match: if_metageneration_not_match,
               override_unlocked_retention: override_unlocked_retention
end

#updated_at ⇒ DateTime

The creation or modification time of the file. For buckets with versioning enabled, changing an object's metadata does not change this property.

Returns:

  • (DateTime) 


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# File 'lib/google/cloud/storage/file.rb', line 213

def updated_at
  @gapi.updated
end