Class: Needle::Container

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/needle/container.rb

Overview

The container is the heart of Needle’s model. Every Container instance is a miniature registry, and is really a namespace separate from every other Container instance. Service lookups inside of a container always look in self first, and if not found, they then look in their parent container, recursively.

You will rarely need to instantiate a Container directly. Instead, use the Container#namespace method to create new containers.

Direct Known Subclasses

Registry

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(parent = nil, name = nil) ⇒ Container

Create a new empty container with the given parent and name. If a parent is given, this container will inherit the defaults of the parent at the time the container was created.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 48

def initialize( parent=nil, name=nil )
  @root = nil
  @builder = nil

  @name = name
  @parent = parent
  @service_points = Hash.new

  @defaults = ( parent.nil? ? Hash.new : parent.defaults.dup )
end

Dynamic Method Handling

This class handles dynamic methods through the method_missing method

#method_missing(sym, *args) ⇒ Object

As a convenience for accessing services, this delegates any message sent to the container (which has no parameters and no block) to Container#[]. Note that this incurs slightly more overhead than simply calling Container#[] directly, so if performance is an issue, you should avoid this approach.

Usage:

container.register( :add ) { Adder.new }
p container.add == container[:add] # => true



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 378

def method_missing( sym, *args )
  if knows_key?( sym )
    get( sym, *args )
  else
    super
  end
end

Instance Attribute Details

#defaults ⇒ Object (readonly)

A hash of default options to use when registering services. These defaults also apply to namespaces, so when specifying a new default service model (for instance) there may be unexpected side-effects with the namespaces that are created.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 43

def defaults
  @defaults
end

#name ⇒ Object (readonly)

The name of this container. May be nil.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 37

def name
  @name
end

#parent ⇒ Object (readonly)

The container that contains this container. This will be nil for the root of a hierarchy (see Registry).



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 34

def parent
  @parent
end

Instance Method Details

#builder ⇒ Object

Returns the DefinitionContext instance that can be used to “build” this container.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 87

def builder
  @builder ||= self[ :definition_context_factory ].new( self )
end

#define {|builder| ... } ⇒ Object

If a block is given, yields the container’s builder instance to the block. Otherwise, simply returns the builder instance.

Usage:

container.define do |b|
  b.foo { Bar.new }
  b.baz { Baz.new }
  ...
end

Or:

container.define.foo { Bar.new }
container.define.baz { Baz.new }

Yields:



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 106

def define
  yield builder if block_given?
  builder
end

#define!(&block) ⇒ Object

Create a new DefinitionContext around the container, and then evaluate the block within the new context instance (via instance_eval).

Usage:

container.define! do
  calc( :model => :prototype ) { Calc.new( operations ) }
end

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 119

def define!( &block )
  raise ArgumentError, "block expected" unless block
  builder.instance_eval( &block )
  self
end

#descended_from?(container) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this container either is the given container or is descended from the given container, and false otherwise.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 70

def descended_from?( container )
  return true if self == container
  return false unless parent
  parent.descended_from? container
end

#find_definition(name) ⇒ Object

Searches the current container and its ancestors for the named service. If found, the service point (the definition of that service) is returned, otherwise nil is returned.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 289

def find_definition( name )
  point = @service_points[ name ]
  point = parent.find_definition( name ) if parent unless point
  point
end

#fullname ⇒ Object

Return the fully qualified name of this container, which is the container’s name and all parent’s names up to the root container, catenated together with dot characters, i.e., “one.two.three”.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 79

def fullname
  parent_name = ( parent ? parent.fullname : nil )
  return @name.to_s unless parent_name
  "#{parent_name}.#{@name}"
end

#get(name, *args) ⇒ Object Also known as: []

Retrieves the named service, if it exists. Ancestors are searched if the service is not defined by the current container (see #find_definition). If the named service does not exist, ServiceNotFound is raised.

Note that this returns the instantiated service, not the service point.

Also, if any pipeline element in the instantiation pipeline does not support extra parameters when extra parameters have been given, then an error will be raised.

Raises:



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 304

def get( name, *args )
  point = find_definition( name )
  raise ServiceNotFound, "#{fullname}.#{name}" unless point

  point.instance( self, *args )
end

#has_key?(name) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this container includes a service point with the given name. Returns false otherwise.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 315

def has_key?( name )
  @service_points.has_key?( name )
end

#intercept(name) ⇒ Object

Describe a new interceptor to use that will intercept method calls on the named service. This method returns a new Interceptor instance, which can be used directly to configure the behavior of the interceptor.

Usage:

container.intercept( :calc ).with { |c| c.logging_interceptor }

Raises:



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 261

def intercept( name )
  point = find_definition( name )
  raise ServiceNotFound, "#{fullname}.#{name}" unless point

  interceptor = self[ :interceptor_impl_factory ].new
  point.interceptor interceptor

  interceptor
end

#keys ⇒ Object

Return an array of the names of all service points in this container.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 328

def keys
  @service_points.keys
end

#knows_key?(name) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this container or any ancestor includes a service point with the given name. Returns false otherwise.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 321

def knows_key?( name )
  return true if has_key?( name )
  return parent.knows_key?( name ) if parent
  false
end

#namespace(name, opts = {}, &block) ⇒ Object

Create a new namespace within the container, with the given name. If a block is provided, it will be invoked when the namespace is created, with the new namespace passed to it.

For the curious, namespaces are simply services that are implemented by Container. The two statements are conceptually identical:

container.namespace( :calc )
container.register( :calc ) { |c,p| Needle::Container.new( c, p.name ) }

Note that this means that namespaces may be singletons or prototypes, or have immediate or deferred instantiation, and so forth. (The default of immediate, singleton instantiation is sufficient for 99% of the things you’ll use namespaces for.)

Usage:

container.namespace( :operations ) do |op|
  op.register( :add ) { Adder.new }
  ...
end

adder = container.calc.operations.add

Note: the block is not invoked until the namespace is created, which is not until it is first referenced. If you need the namespace to be created immediately, either use #namespace_define or reference the namespace as soon as you’ve created it.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 174

def namespace( name, opts={}, &block )
  register( name, opts ) do |c,p|
    ns = self[ :namespace_impl_factory ].new( c, name )
    block.call ns if block
    ns
  end
end

#namespace_define(name, opts = {}, &block) ⇒ Object

Create a new namespace within the container, with the given name. The block (which is required) will be passed to Container#define on the new namespace.

For the curious, namespaces are simply services that are implemented by Container. The two statements are really identical:

container.namespace( :calc )
container.register( :calc ) { |c,p| Needle::Container.new( c, p.name ) }

Note that this means that namespaces may be singletons or prototypes, or have immediate or deferred instantiation, and so forth. (The default of immediate, singleton instantiation is sufficient for 99% of the things you’ll use namespaces for.)

Usage:

container.namespace_define( :operations ) do |b|
  b.add { Adder.new }
  ...
end

adder = container.calc.operations.add

Note: this method will immediately instantiate the new namespace, unlike #namespace. If you want instantiation of the namespace to be deferred, either use a deferring service model (like :singleton_deferred) or create the namespace via #namespace.

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 248

def namespace_define( name, opts={}, &block )
  raise ArgumentError, "block expected" unless block
  namespace( name, opts ) { |ns| ns.define( &block ) }
  self[name]
end

#namespace_define!(name, opts = {}, &block) ⇒ Object Also known as: namespace!

Create a new namespace within the container, with the given name. The block (which is required) will be passed to Container#define! on the new namespace.

For the curious, namespaces are simply services that are implemented by Container. The two statements are really identical:

container.namespace( :calc )
container.register( :calc ) { |c,p| Needle::Container.new( c, p.name ) }

Note that this means that namespaces may be singletons or prototypes, or have immediate or deferred instantiation, and so forth. (The default of immediate, singleton instantiation is sufficient for 99% of the things you’ll use namespaces for.)

Usage:

container.namespace_define!( :operations ) do
  add { Adder.new }
  ...
end

adder = container.calc.operations.add

Note: this method will immediately instantiate the new namespace, unlike #namespace. If you want instantiation of the namespace to be deferred, either use a deferring service model (like :singleton_deferred) or create the namespace via #namespace.

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 211

def namespace_define!( name, opts={}, &block )
  raise ArgumentError, "block expected" unless block
  namespace( name, opts ) { |ns| ns.define!( &block ) }
  self[name]
end

#pipeline(name) ⇒ Object

Returns the pipeline object for the named service, which allows clients to explicitly manipulate the service’s instantiation pipeline.

Usage:

container.pipeline( :calc ).
  add( :initialize ).
  add( :custom ) { |me,*args| me.succ.call( *args ) }

Raises:



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 279

def pipeline( name )
  point = find_definition( name )
  raise ServiceNotFound, "#{fullname}.#{name}" unless point

  point.pipeline
end

#register(name, opts = {}, &callback) ⇒ Object

Register the named service with the container. When the service is requested (with Container#[]), the associated callback will be used to construct it.

This returns the registry that was used to register the service.

Usage:

container.register( :calc, :model=>:prototype ) do |c|
  Calc.new( c.operations )
end

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 136

def register( name, opts={}, &callback )
  raise ArgumentError, "expect block" unless callback

  name = name.to_s.intern unless name.is_a?( Symbol )
  @service_points[ name ] =
    ServicePoint.new( self, name, @defaults.merge( opts ), &callback )

  self
end

#require(file, target_name, registration_method = :register_services) ⇒ Object

Require the given file, and then invoke the given registration method on the target module. The container will be passed as the sole parameter to the registration method. This allows you to easily decentralize the definition of services.

Usage:

container.require( "app/services", "App::Services" )

# in app/services.rb:

module App
  module Services

    def register_services( container )
      ...
    end
    module_function :register_services

  end
end



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 353

def require( file, target_name, registration_method=:register_services )
  Kernel.require file

  if target_name.is_a?( Module )
    target = target_name
  else
    target = Object
    target_name.to_s.split( /::/ ).each do |element|
      target = target.const_get( element )
    end
  end

  target.__send__( registration_method, self )
end

#respond_to?(sym) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this container responds to the given message, or if it explicitly contains a service with the given name (see #has_key?). In this case, #has_key? is used instead of #knows_key? so that subcontainers may be used as proper hashes by their parents.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 390

def respond_to?( sym )
  has_key?( sym ) || super
end

#root ⇒ Object

Returns the root of the current hierarchy. If the container is the root, returns self, otherwise calls Container#root on its parent. The value is cached for future reference.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 62

def root
  return @root if @root
  return self if parent.nil?
  @root = parent.root
end

#use(opts, &block) ⇒ Object

Specifies a set of default options to use temporarily. The options are merged with the current set of defaults for the container. The original options are returned, and may be restored by invoking #use again with the hash that is returned. If a block is given, the registry will be yielded to it and the options automatically restored when the block returns.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 400

def use( opts, &block ) # :yield: self
  use! @defaults.merge( opts ), &block
end

#use!(opts) ⇒ Object

Specifies a set of default options to use temporarily. The original options are returned. This differs from #use in that it will completely replace the original options, instead of merging the parameters with the originals.



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# File 'lib/needle/container.rb', line 408

def use!( opts )
  original = @defaults
  @defaults = opts

  if block_given?
    begin
      yield self
    ensure
      use! original
    end
  end

  return original
end