Module: OpenSSL::PKey
- Defined in:
- ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c,
lib/openssl/pkey.rb,
ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c,
ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c,
ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_ec.c,
ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dsa.c,
ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_rsa.c
Overview
Asymmetric Public Key Algorithms
Asymmetric public key algorithms solve the problem of establishing and sharing secret keys to en-/decrypt messages. The key in such an algorithm consists of two parts: a public key that may be distributed to others and a private key that needs to remain secret.
Messages encrypted with a public key can only be decrypted by recipients that are in possession of the associated private key. Since public key algorithms are considerably slower than symmetric key algorithms (cf. OpenSSL::Cipher) they are often used to establish a symmetric key shared between two parties that are in possession of each other’s public key.
Asymmetric algorithms offer a lot of nice features that are used in a lot of different areas. A very common application is the creation and validation of digital signatures. To sign a document, the signatory generally uses a message digest algorithm (cf. OpenSSL::Digest) to compute a digest of the document that is then encrypted (i.e. signed) using the private key. Anyone in possession of the public key may then verify the signature by computing the message digest of the original document on their own, decrypting the signature using the signatory’s public key and comparing the result to the message digest they previously computed. The signature is valid if and only if the decrypted signature is equal to this message digest.
The PKey module offers support for three popular public/private key algorithms:
-
RSA (OpenSSL::PKey::RSA)
-
DSA (OpenSSL::PKey::DSA)
-
Elliptic Curve Cryptography (OpenSSL::PKey::EC)
Each of these implementations is in fact a sub-class of the abstract PKey class which offers the interface for supporting digital signatures in the form of PKey#sign and PKey#verify.
Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange
Finally PKey also features OpenSSL::PKey::DH, an implementation of the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol based on discrete logarithms in finite fields, the same basis that DSA is built on. The Diffie-Hellman protocol can be used to exchange (symmetric) keys over insecure channels without needing any prior joint knowledge between the participating parties. As the security of DH demands relatively long “public keys” (i.e. the part that is overtly transmitted between participants) DH tends to be quite slow. If security or speed is your primary concern, OpenSSL::PKey::EC offers another implementation of the Diffie-Hellman protocol.
Defined Under Namespace
Classes: DH, DHError, DSA, DSAError, EC, ECError, PKey, PKeyError, RSA, RSAError
Constant Summary collapse
- DEFAULT_TMP_DH_CALLBACK =
:nodoc:
nil
Class Method Summary collapse
-
.read(*args) ⇒ Object
Reads a DER or PEM encoded string from
string
orio
and returns an instance of the appropriate PKey class.
Class Method Details
.OpenSSL::PKey.read(string[, pwd ]) ⇒ PKey .OpenSSL::PKey.read(io[, pwd ]) ⇒ PKey
Reads a DER or PEM encoded string from string
or io
and returns an instance of the appropriate PKey class.
Parameters
-
string
is a DER- or PEM-encoded string containing an arbitrary private
or public key.
-
io
is an instance ofIO
containing a DER- or PEM-encoded
arbitrary private or public key.
-
pwd
is an optional password in casestring
orfile
is an encrypted
PEM resource.
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# File 'ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c', line 137
static VALUE
ossl_pkey_new_from_data(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
EVP_PKEY *pkey;
BIO *bio;
VALUE data, pass;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &data, &pass);
pass = ossl_pem_passwd_value(pass);
bio = ossl_obj2bio(&data);
if (!(pkey = d2i_PrivateKey_bio(bio, NULL))) {
OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
if (!(pkey = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bio, NULL, ossl_pem_passwd_cb, (void *)pass))) {
OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
if (!(pkey = d2i_PUBKEY_bio(bio, NULL))) {
OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
pkey = PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY(bio, NULL, ossl_pem_passwd_cb, (void *)pass);
}
}
}
BIO_free(bio);
if (!pkey)
ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "Could not parse PKey");
return ossl_pkey_new(pkey);
}
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