Class: IncreaseInsulationRValueForExteriorWalls

Inherits:
OpenStudio::Measure::ModelMeasure
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/measures/IncreaseInsulationRValueForExteriorWalls/measure.rb

Overview

start the measure

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#arguments(model) ⇒ Object

define the arguments that the user will input



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# File 'lib/measures/IncreaseInsulationRValueForExteriorWalls/measure.rb', line 16

def arguments(model)
  args = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgumentVector.new

  # make an argument insulation R-value
  r_value = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('r_value', true)
  r_value.setDisplayName('Insulation R-value (ft^2*h*R/Btu).')
  r_value.setDefaultValue(13.0)
  args << r_value

  # make bool argument to allow both increase and decrease in R value
  allow_reduction = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeBoolArgument('allow_reduction', true)
  allow_reduction.setDisplayName('Allow both increase and decrease in R-value to reach requested target?')
  allow_reduction.setDefaultValue(false)
  args << allow_reduction

  # make an argument for material and installation cost
  material_cost_increase_ip = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('material_cost_increase_ip', true)
  material_cost_increase_ip.setDisplayName('Increase in Material and Installation Costs for Construction per Area Used ($/ft^2).')
  material_cost_increase_ip.setDefaultValue(0.0)
  args << material_cost_increase_ip

  # make an argument for demolition cost
  one_time_retrofit_cost_ip = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('one_time_retrofit_cost_ip', true)
  one_time_retrofit_cost_ip.setDisplayName('One Time Retrofit Cost to Add Insulation to Construction ($/ft^2).')
  one_time_retrofit_cost_ip.setDefaultValue(0.0)
  args << one_time_retrofit_cost_ip

  # make an argument for duration in years until costs start
  years_until_retrofit_cost = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeIntegerArgument('years_until_retrofit_cost', true)
  years_until_retrofit_cost.setDisplayName('Year to Incur One Time Retrofit Cost (whole years).')
  years_until_retrofit_cost.setDefaultValue(0)
  args << years_until_retrofit_cost

  return args
end

#name ⇒ Object

define the name that a user will see



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# File 'lib/measures/IncreaseInsulationRValueForExteriorWalls/measure.rb', line 11

def name
  return 'Increase R-value of Insulation for Exterior Walls to a Specific Value'
end

#neat_numbers(number, roundto = 2) ⇒ Object

short def to make numbers pretty (converts 4125001.25641 to 4,125,001.26 or 4,125,001). The definition be called through this measure



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# File 'lib/measures/IncreaseInsulationRValueForExteriorWalls/measure.rb', line 87

def neat_numbers(number, roundto = 2) # round to 0 or 2)
  if roundto == 2
    number = format '%.2f', number
  else
    number = number.round
  end
  # regex to add commas
  number.to_s.reverse.gsub(/([0-9]{3}(?=([0-9])))/, '\\1,').reverse
end

#run(model, runner, user_arguments) ⇒ Object

define what happens when the measure is run



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# File 'lib/measures/IncreaseInsulationRValueForExteriorWalls/measure.rb', line 53

def run(model, runner, user_arguments)
  super(model, runner, user_arguments)

  # use the built-in error checking
  if !runner.validateUserArguments(arguments(model), user_arguments)
    return false
  end

  # assign the user inputs to variables
  r_value = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('r_value', user_arguments)
  allow_reduction = runner.getBoolArgumentValue('allow_reduction', user_arguments)
  material_cost_increase_ip = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('material_cost_increase_ip', user_arguments)
  one_time_retrofit_cost_ip = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('one_time_retrofit_cost_ip', user_arguments)
  years_until_retrofit_cost = runner.getIntegerArgumentValue('years_until_retrofit_cost', user_arguments)

  # set limit for minimum insulation. This is used to limit input and for inferring insulation layer in construction.
  min_expected_r_value_ip = 1 # ip units

  # check the R-value for reasonableness
  if (r_value < 0) || (r_value > 500)
    runner.registerError("The requested wall insulation R-value of #{r_value} ft^2*h*R/Btu was above the measure limit.")
    return false
  elsif r_value > 40
    runner.registerWarning("The requested wall insulation R-value of #{r_value} ft^2*h*R/Btu is abnormally high.")
  elsif r_value < min_expected_r_value_ip
    runner.registerWarning("The requested wall insulation R-value of #{r_value} ft^2*h*R/Btu is abnormally low.")
  end

  # check lifecycle arguments for reasonableness
  if (years_until_retrofit_cost < 0) && (years_until_retrofit_cost > 100)
    runner.registerError('Year to incur one time retrofit cost should be a non-negative integer less than or equal to 100.')
  end

  # short def to make numbers pretty (converts 4125001.25641 to 4,125,001.26 or 4,125,001). The definition be called through this measure
  def neat_numbers(number, roundto = 2) # round to 0 or 2)
    if roundto == 2
      number = format '%.2f', number
    else
      number = number.round
    end
    # regex to add commas
    number.to_s.reverse.gsub(/([0-9]{3}(?=([0-9])))/, '\\1,').reverse
  end

  # helper to make it easier to do unit conversions on the fly
  def unit_helper(number, from_unit_string, to_unit_string)
    converted_number = OpenStudio.convert(OpenStudio::Quantity.new(number, OpenStudio.createUnit(from_unit_string).get), OpenStudio.createUnit(to_unit_string).get).get.value
  end

  # convert r_value and material_cost to si for future use
  r_value_si = unit_helper(r_value, 'ft^2*h*R/Btu', 'm^2*K/W')
  material_cost_increase_si = unit_helper(material_cost_increase_ip, '1/ft^2', '1/m^2')

  # create an array of exterior walls and find range of starting construction R-value (not just insulation layer)
  surfaces = model.getSurfaces
  exterior_surfaces = []
  exterior_surface_constructions = []
  exterior_surface_construction_names = []
  ext_wall_resistance = []
  surfaces.each do |surface|
    if (surface.outsideBoundaryCondition == 'Outdoors') && (surface.surfaceType == 'Wall')
      exterior_surfaces << surface
      ext_wall_const = surface.construction.get
      # only add construction if it hasn't been added yet
      if !exterior_surface_construction_names.include?(ext_wall_const.name.to_s)
        exterior_surface_constructions << ext_wall_const.to_Construction.get
      end
      exterior_surface_construction_names << ext_wall_const.name.to_s
      ext_wall_resistance << 1 / ext_wall_const.thermalConductance.to_f
    end
  end

  # nothing will be done if there are no exterior surfaces
  if exterior_surfaces.empty?
    runner.registerAsNotApplicable('Model does not have any exterior walls.')
    return true
  end

  # report strings for initial condition
  initial_string = []
  exterior_surface_constructions.uniq.each do |exterior_surface_construction|
    # unit conversion of wall insulation from SI units (M^2*K/W) to IP units (ft^2*h*R/Btu)
    initial_conductance_ip = unit_helper(1 / exterior_surface_construction.thermalConductance.to_f, 'm^2*K/W', 'ft^2*h*R/Btu')
    initial_string << "#{exterior_surface_construction.name} (R-#{(format '%.1f', initial_conductance_ip)})"
  end
  runner.registerInitialCondition("The building had #{initial_string.size} exterior wall constructions: #{initial_string.sort.join(', ')}.")

  # hashes to track constructions and materials made by the measure, to avoid duplicates
  constructions_hash_old_new = {}
  constructions_hash_new_old = {} # used to get netArea of new construction and then cost objects of construction it replaced
  materials_hash = {}

  # array and counter for new constructions that are made, used for reporting final condition
  final_constructions_array = []

  # loop through all constructions and materials used on exterior walls, edit and clone
  exterior_surface_constructions.each do |exterior_surface_construction|
    construction_layers = exterior_surface_construction.layers
    max_thermal_resistance_material = ''
    max_thermal_resistance_material_index = ''
    materials_in_construction = construction_layers.map.with_index do |layer, i|
      { 'name' => layer.name.to_s,
        'index' => i,
        'nomass' => !layer.to_MasslessOpaqueMaterial.empty?,
        'r_value' => layer.to_OpaqueMaterial.get.thermalResistance,
        'mat' => layer }
    end

    no_mass_materials = materials_in_construction.select { |mat| mat['nomass'] == true }
    # measure will select the no mass material with the highest r-value as the insulation layer
    # if no mass materials are present, the measure will select the material with the highest r-value per inch
    if !no_mass_materials.empty?
      thermal_resistance_values = no_mass_materials.map { |mat| mat['r_value'] }
      max_mat_hash = no_mass_materials.select { |mat| mat['r_value'] >= thermal_resistance_values.max }
    else
      thermal_resistance_per_thickness_values = materials_in_construction.map { |mat| mat['r_value'] / mat['mat'].thickness }
      target_index = thermal_resistance_per_thickness_values.index(thermal_resistance_per_thickness_values.max)
      max_mat_hash = materials_in_construction.select { |mat| mat['index'] == target_index }
      thermal_resistance_values = materials_in_construction.map { |mat| mat['r_value'] }
    end
    max_thermal_resistance_material = max_mat_hash[0]['mat']
    max_thermal_resistance_material_index = max_mat_hash[0]['index']
    max_thermal_resistance = max_thermal_resistance_material.to_OpaqueMaterial.get.thermalResistance

    if max_thermal_resistance <= unit_helper(min_expected_r_value_ip, 'ft^2*h*R/Btu', 'm^2*K/W')
      runner.registerWarning("Construction '#{exterior_surface_construction.name}' does not appear to have an insulation layer and was not altered.")
    elsif (max_thermal_resistance >= r_value_si) && !allow_reduction
      runner.registerInfo("The insulation layer of construction #{exterior_surface_construction.name} exceeds the requested R-Value. It was not altered.")
    else
      # clone the construction
      final_construction = exterior_surface_construction.clone(model)
      final_construction = final_construction.to_Construction.get
      final_construction.setName("#{exterior_surface_construction.name} adj ext wall insulation")
      final_constructions_array << final_construction

      # loop through lifecycle costs getting total costs under "Construction" or "Salvage" category and add to counter if occurs during year 0
      const_LCCs = final_construction.lifeCycleCosts
      cost_added = false
      const_LCC_cat_const = false
      updated_cost_si = 0
      const_LCCs.each do |const_LCC|
        if (const_LCC.category == 'Construction') && (material_cost_increase_si != 0)
          const_LCC_cat_const = true # need this test to add proper lcc if it didn't exist to start with
          # if multiple LCC objects associated with construction only adjust the cost of one of them.
          if !cost_added
            const_LCC.setCost(const_LCC.cost + material_cost_increase_si)
          else
            runner.registerInfo("More than one LifeCycleCost object with a category of Construction was associated with #{final_construction.name}. Cost was only adjusted for one of the LifeCycleCost objects.")
          end
          updated_cost_si += const_LCC.cost
        end
      end

      if cost_added
        runner.registerInfo("Adjusting material and installation cost for #{final_construction.name} to #{neat_numbers(unit_helper(updated_cost_si, '1/m^2', '1/ft^2'))} ($/ft^2).")
      end

      # add construction object if it didnt exist to start with and a cost increase was requested
      if (const_LCC_cat_const == false) && (material_cost_increase_si != 0)
        lcc_for_uncosted_const = OpenStudio::Model::LifeCycleCost.createLifeCycleCost('LCC_increase_insulation', final_construction, material_cost_increase_si, 'CostPerArea', 'Construction', 20, 0).get
        runner.registerInfo("No material or installation costs existed for #{final_construction.name}. Created a new LifeCycleCost object with a material and installation cost of #{neat_numbers(unit_helper(lcc_for_uncosted_const.cost, '1/m^2', '1/ft^2'))} ($/ft^2). Assumed capitol cost in first year, an expected life of 20 years, and no O & M costs.")
      end

      # add one time cost if requested
      if one_time_retrofit_cost_ip > 0
        one_time_retrofit_cost_si = unit_helper(one_time_retrofit_cost_ip, '1/ft^2', '1/m^2')
        lcc_retrofit_specific = OpenStudio::Model::LifeCycleCost.createLifeCycleCost('LCC_retrofit_specific', final_construction, one_time_retrofit_cost_si, 'CostPerArea', 'Construction', 0, years_until_retrofit_cost).get # using 0 for repeat period since one time cost.
        runner.registerInfo("Adding one time cost of #{neat_numbers(unit_helper(lcc_retrofit_specific.cost, '1/m^2', '1/ft^2'))} ($/ft^2) related to retrofit of wall insulation.")
      end

      # push to hashes
      constructions_hash_old_new[exterior_surface_construction.name.to_s] = final_construction
      constructions_hash_new_old[final_construction] = exterior_surface_construction # push the object to hash key vs. name

      # find already cloned insulation material and link to construction
      target_material = max_thermal_resistance_material
      found_material = false
      materials_hash.each do |orig, new|
        if target_material.name.to_s == orig
          new_material = new
          materials_hash[max_thermal_resistance_material.name.to_s] = new_material
          final_construction.eraseLayer(max_thermal_resistance_material_index)
          final_construction.insertLayer(max_thermal_resistance_material_index, new_material)
          found_material = true
        end
      end

      # clone and edit insulation material and link to construction
      if found_material == false
        new_material = max_thermal_resistance_material.clone(model)
        new_material = new_material.to_OpaqueMaterial.get
        new_material.setName("#{max_thermal_resistance_material.name}_R-value #{r_value} (ft^2*h*R/Btu)")
        materials_hash[max_thermal_resistance_material.name.to_s] = new_material
        final_construction.eraseLayer(max_thermal_resistance_material_index)
        final_construction.insertLayer(max_thermal_resistance_material_index, new_material)
        runner.registerInfo("For construction'#{final_construction.name}', material'#{new_material.name}' was altered.")

        # edit insulation material
        new_material_matt = new_material.to_Material
        if !new_material_matt.empty?
          starting_thickness = new_material_matt.get.thickness
          target_thickness = starting_thickness * r_value_si / thermal_resistance_values.max
          final_thickness = new_material_matt.get.setThickness(target_thickness)
        end
        new_material_massless = new_material.to_MasslessOpaqueMaterial
        if !new_material_massless.empty?
          final_thermal_resistance = new_material_massless.get.setThermalResistance(r_value_si)
        end
        new_material_airgap = new_material.to_AirGap
        if !new_material_airgap.empty?
          final_thermal_resistance = new_material_airgap.get.setThermalResistance(r_value_si)
        end
      end
    end
  end

  # loop through construction sets used in the model
  default_construction_sets = model.getDefaultConstructionSets
  default_construction_sets.each do |default_construction_set|
    if default_construction_set.directUseCount > 0
      default_surface_const_set = default_construction_set.defaultExteriorSurfaceConstructions
      if !default_surface_const_set.empty?
        starting_construction = default_surface_const_set.get.wallConstruction

        # creating new default construction set
        new_default_construction_set = default_construction_set.clone(model)
        new_default_construction_set = new_default_construction_set.to_DefaultConstructionSet.get
        new_default_construction_set.setName("#{default_construction_set.name} adj ext wall insulation")

        # create new surface set and link to construction set
        new_default_surface_const_set = default_surface_const_set.get.clone(model)
        new_default_surface_const_set = new_default_surface_const_set.to_DefaultSurfaceConstructions.get
        new_default_surface_const_set.setName("#{default_surface_const_set.get.name} adj ext wall insulation")
        new_default_construction_set.setDefaultExteriorSurfaceConstructions(new_default_surface_const_set)

        # use the hash to find the proper construction and link to new_default_surface_const_set
        target_const = new_default_surface_const_set.wallConstruction
        if !target_const.empty?
          target_const = target_const.get.name.to_s
          found_const_flag = false
          constructions_hash_old_new.each do |orig, new|
            if target_const == orig
              final_construction = new
              new_default_surface_const_set.setWallConstruction(final_construction)
              found_const_flag = true
            end
          end
          if found_const_flag == false # this should never happen but is just an extra test in case something goes wrong with the measure code
            runner.registerWarning("Measure couldn't find the construction named '#{target_const}' in the exterior surface hash.")
          end
        end

        # swap all uses of the old construction set for the new
        construction_set_sources = default_construction_set.sources
        construction_set_sources.each do |construction_set_source|
          building_source = construction_set_source.to_Building
          # if statement for each type of object than can use a DefaultConstructionSet
          if !building_source.empty?
            building_source = building_source.get
            building_source.setDefaultConstructionSet(new_default_construction_set)
          end
          building_story_source = construction_set_source.to_BuildingStory
          if !building_story_source.empty?
            building_story_source = building_story_source.get
            building_story_source.setDefaultConstructionSet(new_default_construction_set)
          end
          space_type_source = construction_set_source.to_SpaceType
          if !space_type_source.empty?
            space_type_source = space_type_source.get
            space_type_source.setDefaultConstructionSet(new_default_construction_set)
          end
          space_source = construction_set_source.to_Space
          if !space_source.empty?
            space_source = space_source.get
            space_source.setDefaultConstructionSet(new_default_construction_set)
          end
        end

      end
    end
  end

  # link cloned and edited constructions for surfaces with hard assigned constructions
  exterior_surfaces.each do |exterior_surface|
    if !exterior_surface.isConstructionDefaulted && !exterior_surface.construction.empty?

      # use the hash to find the proper construction and link to surface
      target_const = exterior_surface.construction
      if !target_const.empty?
        target_const = target_const.get.name.to_s
        constructions_hash_old_new.each do |orig, new|
          if target_const == orig
            final_construction = new
            exterior_surface.setConstruction(final_construction)
          end
        end
      end

    end
  end

  # report strings for final condition
  final_string = [] # not all exterior wall constructions, but only new ones made. If wall didn't have insulation and was not altered we don't want to show it
  affected_area_si = 0
  totalCost_of_affected_area = 0
  yr0_capital_totalCosts = 0
  final_constructions_array.each do |final_construction|
    # unit conversion of wall insulation from SI units (M^2*K/W) to IP units (ft^2*h*R/Btu)
    final_conductance_ip = unit_helper(1 / final_construction.thermalConductance.to_f, 'm^2*K/W', 'ft^2*h*R/Btu')
    final_string << "#{final_construction.name} (R-#{(format '%.1f', final_conductance_ip)})"
    affected_area_si += final_construction.getNetArea

    # loop through lifecycle costs getting total costs under "Construction" or "Salvage" category and add to counter if occurs during year 0
    const_LCCs = final_construction.lifeCycleCosts
    const_LCCs.each do |const_LCC|
      if (const_LCC.category == 'Construction') || (const_LCC.category == 'Salvage')
        if const_LCC.yearsFromStart == 0
          yr0_capital_totalCosts += const_LCC.totalCost
        end
      end
    end
  end

  # add not applicable test if there were exterior roof constructions but non of them were altered (already enough insulation or doesn't look like insulated wall)
  if affected_area_si == 0
    runner.registerAsNotApplicable('No exterior walls were altered.')
    return true
    # affected_area_ip = affected_area_si
  else
    # ip construction area for reporting
    affected_area_ip = unit_helper(affected_area_si, 'm^2', 'ft^2')
  end

  # report final condition
  runner.registerFinalCondition("The existing insulation for exterior walls was set to R-#{r_value}. This was accomplished for an initial cost of #{one_time_retrofit_cost_ip} ($/sf) and an increase of #{material_cost_increase_ip} ($/sf) for construction. This was applied to #{neat_numbers(affected_area_ip, 0)} (ft^2) across #{final_string.size} exterior wall constructions: #{final_string.sort.join(', ')}.")

  return true
end

#unit_helper(number, from_unit_string, to_unit_string) ⇒ Object

helper to make it easier to do unit conversions on the fly



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# File 'lib/measures/IncreaseInsulationRValueForExteriorWalls/measure.rb', line 98

def unit_helper(number, from_unit_string, to_unit_string)
  converted_number = OpenStudio.convert(OpenStudio::Quantity.new(number, OpenStudio.createUnit(from_unit_string).get), OpenStudio.createUnit(to_unit_string).get).get.value
end