Class: ApplyDynamicCoatingToRoofWall

Inherits:
OpenStudio::Measure::EnergyPlusMeasure
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/measures/apply_dynamic_coating_to_roof_wall/measure.rb

Overview

start the measure

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#add_dynamic_coating_mat_str(mat_list, apply_type, workspace) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/measures/apply_dynamic_coating_to_roof_wall/measure.rb', line 330

def add_dynamic_coating_mat_str(mat_list, apply_type, workspace)
  # array to hold new IDF objects needed for dynamic coating materials
  string_objects = []

  mat_list.each do |mat|
    puts "mat: #{mat}"
    mat_name = mat.getString(0).to_s  # name
    # no need to clone the material object (in case it is also used in other constructions) because thermal and solar absorptances only matter when the material is on the outside layer
    puts "mat_name: #{mat_name}"

    # based on applied surfaces type, add material objects
    case apply_type
    when 'Both'
      matprops_obj_str = "
        MaterialProperty:VariableAbsorptance,
          variable_#{mat_name}, !- Name
          #{mat_name},           !- Reference Material Name
          SurfaceTemperature,      !- Control Signal
          ThermalAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,   !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
          ,                        !- Thermal Absorptance Schedule Name
          SolarAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,   !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
          ;                        !- Solar Absorptance Schedule Name
        "
      string_objects << matprops_obj_str
    when 'Thermal Only'
      matprops_obj_str = "
        MaterialProperty:VariableAbsorptance,
          variable_#{mat_name}, !- Name
          #{mat_name},           !- Reference Material Name
          SurfaceTemperature,      !- Control Signal
          ThermalAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,   !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
          ,                        !- Thermal Absorptance Schedule Name
          ,                        !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
          ;                        !- Solar Absorptance Schedule Name
        "
      string_objects << matprops_obj_str
    when 'Solar Only'
      matprops_obj_str = "
        MaterialProperty:VariableAbsorptance,
          variable_#{mat_name}, !- Name
          #{mat_name},           !- Reference Material Name
          SurfaceTemperature,      !- Control Signal
          ,                        !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
          ,                        !- Thermal Absorptance Schedule Name
          SolarAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,   !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
          ;                        !- Solar Absorptance Schedule Name
        "
      string_objects << matprops_obj_str
    else
      runner.registerError("Invalid applied changed property type #{apply_type}, should be 'Thermal Only', 'Solar Only', or 'Both'")
      return false
    end
  end

  return string_objects
end

#arguments(workspace) ⇒ Object

define the arguments that the user will input



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# File 'lib/measures/apply_dynamic_coating_to_roof_wall/measure.rb', line 29

def arguments(workspace)
  args = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgumentVector.new

  # Make choice argument for roof and wall application
  apply_where = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeChoiceArgument('apply_where', ['Roof Only', 'Wall Only', 'Both'], true)
  apply_where.setDisplayName('Select where to apply the dynamic coating:')
  apply_where.setDefaultValue('Roof Only')
  args << apply_where

  # Make choice argument for modification types
  apply_type = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument::makeChoiceArgument('apply_type', ['Thermal Only', 'Solar Only', 'Both'], true)
  apply_type.setDisplayName('Select the type of properties that the dynamic coating modifies:')
  apply_type.setDefaultValue('Both')
  args << apply_type

  # assuming linear relationship between control signal (SurfaceTemperature) and thermal/solar absorptance
  # the thermal absorptance (i.e., emittance for opaque) increases from 0.2 at 19°C to 0.9 at 27°C
  # ref: K Tang et al., Temperature-adaptive radiative coating for all-season household thermal regulation.
  # (http://nano.eecs.berkeley.edu/publications/Science_2021_TARC.pdf) page SM-7 (supplemental material)
  # For solar absorptance, the temperature range is the same 19-27C, solar absorptance varies from 0.9 to 0.1
  # ref: K. Dong et al., 2022. Reducing temperature swing of space objects with temperature-adaptive solar or radiative coating. Cell Reports Physical Science.
  # (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666386422003605) page 3

  # We use two specific points to describe the linear relationship between surface temperature and absorptance
  # This is the surface temperature of the left point
  temp_lo = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('temp_lo', true)
  temp_lo.setDisplayName('We use two specific points to describe the linear relationship between surface temperature and absorptance, this is the surface temperature of the left point in Degree Celcius.')
  temp_lo.setDefaultValue(19)
  args << temp_lo

  # We use two specific points to describe the linear relationship between surface temperature and absorptance
  # This is the surface temperature of the right point
  temp_hi = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('temp_hi', true)
  temp_hi.setDisplayName('We use two specific points to describe the linear relationship between surface temperature and absorptance, this is the surface temperature of the right point in Degree Celcius.')
  temp_hi.setDefaultValue(27)
  args << temp_hi

  # thermal absorptance at low temperature point
  therm_abs_at_temp_lo = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('therm_abs_at_temp_lo', false)
  therm_abs_at_temp_lo.setDisplayName('Thermal absorptance at low temperature point.')
  therm_abs_at_temp_lo.setDefaultValue(0.2)
  args << therm_abs_at_temp_lo

  # thermal absorptance at high temperature point
  therm_abs_at_temp_hi = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('therm_abs_at_temp_hi', false)
  therm_abs_at_temp_hi.setDisplayName('Thermal absorptance at high temperature point.')
  therm_abs_at_temp_hi.setDefaultValue(0.9)
  args << therm_abs_at_temp_hi

  # solar absorptance at low temperature point
  solar_abs_at_temp_lo = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('solar_abs_at_temp_lo', false)
  solar_abs_at_temp_lo.setDisplayName('Solar absorptance at low temperature point.')
  solar_abs_at_temp_lo.setDefaultValue(0.9)
  args << solar_abs_at_temp_lo

  # solar absorptance at high temperature point
  solar_abs_at_temp_hi = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('solar_abs_at_temp_hi', false)
  solar_abs_at_temp_hi.setDisplayName('Solar absorptance at high temperature point.')
  solar_abs_at_temp_hi.setDefaultValue(0.1)
  args << solar_abs_at_temp_hi


  return args
end

#check_input(input_var, input_name, default, min, max) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/measures/apply_dynamic_coating_to_roof_wall/measure.rb', line 135

def check_input(input_var, input_name, default, min, max)
  # check for rationality
  if input_var.empty?
    runner.registerError("#{input_name} needs input, can use default value #{default}.")
    return false
  elsif input_var.to_f <= min || input_var.to_f >= max
    runner.registerError("Invalid #{input_name} of #{input_var.to_f} entered. Value must be >#{min} and <#{max}.")
    return false
  else
    return true
  end
end

#description ⇒ Object

human readable description



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# File 'lib/measures/apply_dynamic_coating_to_roof_wall/measure.rb', line 15

def description
  return 'This measure applies dynamic coating on the outside of opaque exterior walls and/or roofs. The thermal ' \
         'and/or solar absorptance of the outer layer material will vary with the selected control signal. ' \
         'This measure is meant to reduce the radiative and solar heat gain via roofs and/or walls.'
end

#modeler_description ⇒ Object

human readable description of modeling approach



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# File 'lib/measures/apply_dynamic_coating_to_roof_wall/measure.rb', line 22

def modeler_description
  return 'This measure modifies the thermal and/or solar absorptance of the outer surface of an existing material so that ' \
         'they can vary with the selected control signal. The related object is available in EnergyPlus version 23.1, ' \
         'but not yet implemented in OpenStudio, so this measure is implemented as an EnergyPlus measure.'
end

#name ⇒ Object

human readable name



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# File 'lib/measures/apply_dynamic_coating_to_roof_wall/measure.rb', line 9

def name
  # Measure name should be the title case of the class name.
  return 'Apply dynamic coating to roof wall'
end

#run(workspace, runner, user_arguments) ⇒ Object

define what happens when the measure is run



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# File 'lib/measures/apply_dynamic_coating_to_roof_wall/measure.rb', line 95

def run(workspace, runner, user_arguments)
  super(workspace, runner, user_arguments)

  # use the built-in error checking
  if !runner.validateUserArguments(arguments(workspace), user_arguments)
    return false
  end

  # assign the user inputs to variables
  apply_where = runner.getStringArgumentValue('apply_where', user_arguments)
  apply_type = runner.getStringArgumentValue('apply_type', user_arguments)
  temp_lo = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('temp_lo', user_arguments)
  temp_hi = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('temp_hi', user_arguments)
  therm_abs_at_temp_lo = runner.getOptionalDoubleArgumentValue('therm_abs_at_temp_lo', user_arguments)
  therm_abs_at_temp_hi = runner.getOptionalDoubleArgumentValue('therm_abs_at_temp_hi', user_arguments)
  solar_abs_at_temp_lo = runner.getOptionalDoubleArgumentValue('solar_abs_at_temp_lo', user_arguments)
  solar_abs_at_temp_hi = runner.getOptionalDoubleArgumentValue('solar_abs_at_temp_hi', user_arguments)

  # temp_hi should be higher than temp_lo
  if temp_hi <= temp_lo
    runner.registerError("temp_hi should be higher than temp_lo, current: temp_hi #{temp_hi} temp_lo #{temp_lo}. User can use default value 27C and 19C.")
    return false
  end

  # check temp_hi and temp_lo for rationality
  if temp_hi > 100
    runner.registerError("Current temp_hi #{temp_hi}C is higher than 100C, which is abnormal. Default value is 27C")
    return false
  elsif temp_hi < -50
    runner.registerError("Current temp_hi #{temp_hi}C is lower than -50C, which is abnormal. Default value is 27C")
    return false
  end
  if temp_lo > 100
    runner.registerError("Current temp_lo #{temp_lo}C is higher than 100C, which is abnormal. Default value is 19C")
    return false
  elsif temp_lo < -50
    runner.registerError("Current temp_lo #{temp_lo}C is lower than -50C, which is abnormal. Default value is 19C")
    return false
  end

  def check_input(input_var, input_name, default, min, max)
    # check for rationality
    if input_var.empty?
      runner.registerError("#{input_name} needs input, can use default value #{default}.")
      return false
    elsif input_var.to_f <= min || input_var.to_f >= max
      runner.registerError("Invalid #{input_name} of #{input_var.to_f} entered. Value must be >#{min} and <#{max}.")
      return false
    else
      return true
    end
  end

  # based on changed property type, check inputs for rationality
  case apply_type
  when 'Both'
    check_input(therm_abs_at_temp_lo, 'therm_abs_at_temp_lo', 0.2, 0, 1)
    check_input(therm_abs_at_temp_hi, 'therm_abs_at_temp_hi', 0.9, 0, 1)
    check_input(solar_abs_at_temp_lo, 'solar_abs_at_temp_lo', 0.9, 0, 1)
    check_input(solar_abs_at_temp_hi, 'solar_abs_at_temp_hi', 0.2, 0, 1)
  when 'Thermal Only'
    check_input(therm_abs_at_temp_lo, 'therm_abs_at_temp_lo', 0.2, 0, 1)
    check_input(therm_abs_at_temp_hi, 'therm_abs_at_temp_hi', 0.9, 0, 1)
  when 'Solar Only'
    check_input(solar_abs_at_temp_lo, 'solar_abs_at_temp_lo', 0.9, 0, 1)
    check_input(solar_abs_at_temp_hi, 'solar_abs_at_temp_hi', 0.2, 0, 1)
  else
    runner.registerError("Invalid applied changed property type #{apply_type}, should be 'Thermal Only', 'Solar Only', or 'Both'")
    return false
  end

  # loop through "BuildingSurface" to find all constructions for exterior walls and roofs, extract the unique materials used in outer layer
  all_surfaces = workspace.getObjectsByType('BuildingSurface:Detailed'.to_IddObjectType)
  ext_walls = []
  ext_roofs = []
  ext_wall_const_names = []  # unique set of exterior wall construction names
  ext_roof_const_names = []  # unique set of exterior roof construction names
  ext_wall_outer_layer_mats = []  # unique set of wall outer layer materials
  ext_roof_outer_layer_mats = []  # unique set of roof outer layer materials

  # find all exterior walls and roofs
  all_surfaces.each do |surface|
    next if surface.getString(5).to_s.downcase != 'outdoors'
    if surface.getString(1).to_s.downcase == 'wall'   # String(1) is "Surface Type"; String(5) is "Outside Boundary Condition"
      ext_walls.push(surface)
    elsif surface.getString(1).to_s.downcase == 'roof'
      ext_roofs.push(surface)
    end
  end

  # extract the unique material set used in exterior walls and roofs' outer layer
  ext_walls.each do |wall_surf|
    const_name = wall_surf.getString(2).to_s  # String(2) is "Construction Name"
    next if ext_wall_const_names.include?const_name
    ext_wall_const_names.push const_name
    const_obj = workspace.getObjectsByName(const_name)[0]  # get the construction object
    outer_layer_name = const_obj.getString(1).get   # String(1) is the outside layer
    outer_layer_name1 = const_obj.getField(1).get   # String(1) is the outside layer
    puts "const_obj:#{const_obj}"
    puts "const_name:#{const_name}"
    puts "outer_layer_name:#{outer_layer_name}; #{outer_layer_name1}"
    outer_layer_mat_obj = workspace.getObjectsByName(outer_layer_name)[0]  # get the outside layer material object
    puts "outer_layer_mat_obj: #{outer_layer_mat_obj}"
    puts "outer_layer_mat_obj.name = #{outer_layer_mat_obj.name}"
    ext_wall_outer_layer_mats.push outer_layer_mat_obj unless ext_wall_outer_layer_mats.include?outer_layer_mat_obj
  end
  ext_roofs.each do |roof_surf|
    const_name = roof_surf.getString(2).to_s  # String(2) is "Construction Name"
    next if ext_roof_const_names.include?const_name
    ext_roof_const_names.push const_name
    const_obj = workspace.getObjectsByName(const_name)[0]  # get the construction object
    outer_layer_name = const_obj.getString(1).to_s   # String(1) is the outside layer
    puts "const_name:#{const_name}"
    puts "outer_layer_name:#{outer_layer_name}"
    outer_layer_mat_obj = workspace.getObjectsByName(outer_layer_name)[0]  # get the outside layer material object
    ext_roof_outer_layer_mats.push outer_layer_mat_obj unless ext_roof_outer_layer_mats.include?outer_layer_mat_obj
  end

  # initial condition: get the original thermal and solar absorptance of the roof and wall outer layer material
  ini_wall_therm_abs_list = []
  ini_wall_solar_abs_list = []
  ini_roof_therm_abs_list = []
  ini_roof_solar_abs_list = []
  ext_wall_outer_layer_mats.each do |mat|
    # get the material object type
    mat_type = mat.idfObject().iddObject().name.to_s
    if mat_type == "Material"
      ini_wall_therm_abs_list << mat.getString(6).get.to_f if mat.getString(6).get.to_f > 0
      ini_wall_solar_abs_list << mat.getString(7).get.to_f if mat.getString(7).get.to_f > 0
    elsif mat_type == "Material:NoMass"
      ini_wall_therm_abs_list << mat.getString(3).get.to_f if mat.getString(3).get.to_f > 0
      ini_wall_solar_abs_list << mat.getString(4).get.to_f if mat.getString(4).get.to_f > 0
    end
  end
  ext_roof_outer_layer_mats.each do |mat|
    # get the material object type
    mat_type = mat.idfObject().iddObject().name.to_s
    if mat_type == "Material"
      ini_roof_therm_abs_list << mat.getString(6).get.to_f if mat.getString(6).get.to_f > 0
      ini_roof_solar_abs_list << mat.getString(7).get.to_f if mat.getString(7).get.to_f > 0
    elsif mat_type == "Material:NoMass"
      ini_roof_therm_abs_list << mat.getString(3).get.to_f if mat.getString(3).get.to_f > 0
      ini_roof_solar_abs_list << mat.getString(4).get.to_f if mat.getString(4).get.to_f > 0
    end
  end

  runner.registerInitialCondition("The initial exterior wall thermal absorptance is #{ini_wall_therm_abs_list},  exterior wall solar absorptance is #{ini_wall_solar_abs_list}, "\
                                    "exterior roof thermal absorptance is #{ini_roof_therm_abs_list}, exterior roof solar absorptance is #{ini_roof_solar_abs_list}. ")

  # By default control signal is "SurfaceTemperature" as the other modes haven't been tested thoroughly in E+
  # loop through "BuildingSurface" to find all constructions for exterior walls and roofs, extract the unique materials used in outer layer
  # add variableabsorptance properties to these materials
  # pre-populate the object strings for thermal and solar variableabsorptance related objects
  thermal_abs_objs_strs = ["
      Table:IndependentVariable,
        ThermalAbsorptanceTemperatureTable_IndependentVariable1,  !- Name
        Linear,                  !- Interpolation Method
        Constant,                !- Extrapolation Method
        -40.0,                   !- Minimum Value
        60.0,                    !- Maximum Value
        ,                        !- Normalization Reference Value
        Temperature,             !- Unit Type
        ,                        !- External File Name
        ,                        !- External File Column Number
        ,                        !- External File Starting Row Number
        0.0,                     !- Value 1
        #{temp_lo},                    !- Value 2
        #{temp_hi},                !- <none>
        40.00000;                !- <none>
      ",
      "
      Table:IndependentVariableList,
        ThermalAbsorptanceTemperatureTable_IndependentVariableList,  !- Name
        ThermalAbsorptanceTemperatureTable_IndependentVariable1;     !- Independent Variable 1 Name
      ",
      "
      Table:Lookup,
        ThermalAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,  !- Name
        ThermalAbsorptanceTemperatureTable_IndependentVariableList,  !- Independent Variable List Name
        ,                        !- Normalization Method
        ,                        !- Normalization Divisor
        #{therm_abs_at_temp_lo},                     !- Minimum Output
        #{therm_abs_at_temp_hi},                        !- Maximum Output
        Dimensionless,           !- Output Unit Type
        ,                        !- External File Name
        ,                        !- External File Column Number
        ,                        !- External File Starting Row Number
        #{therm_abs_at_temp_lo},                    !- Output Value 1
        #{therm_abs_at_temp_lo},                    !- Output Value 2
        #{therm_abs_at_temp_hi},                    !- <none>
        #{therm_abs_at_temp_hi};                    !- <none>
      "
  ]

  solar_abs_objs_strs = ["
      Table:IndependentVariable,
        SolarAbsorptanceTemperatureTable_IndependentVariable1,  !- Name
        Linear,                  !- Interpolation Method
        Constant,                !- Extrapolation Method
        -40.0,                   !- Minimum Value
        60.0,                    !- Maximum Value
        ,                        !- Normalization Reference Value
        Temperature,             !- Unit Type
        ,                        !- External File Name
        ,                        !- External File Column Number
        ,                        !- External File Starting Row Number
        0.0,                     !- Value 1
        #{temp_lo},                    !- Value 2
        #{temp_hi},                !- <none>
        40.00000;                !- <none>
      ",
      "
      Table:IndependentVariableList,
        SolarAbsorptanceTemperatureTable_IndependentVariableList,  !- Name
        SolarAbsorptanceTemperatureTable_IndependentVariable1;     !- Independent Variable 1 Name
      ",
      "
      Table:Lookup,
        SolarAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,  !- Name
        SolarAbsorptanceTemperatureTable_IndependentVariableList,  !- Independent Variable List Name
        ,                        !- Normalization Method
        ,                        !- Normalization Divisor
        #{solar_abs_at_temp_hi},                     !- Minimum Output
        #{solar_abs_at_temp_lo},                        !- Maximum Output
        Dimensionless,           !- Output Unit Type
        ,                        !- External File Name
        ,                        !- External File Column Number
        ,                        !- External File Starting Row Number
        #{solar_abs_at_temp_lo},                    !- Output Value 1
        #{solar_abs_at_temp_lo},                    !- Output Value 2
        #{solar_abs_at_temp_hi},                    !- <none>
        #{solar_abs_at_temp_hi};                    !- <none>
      "
  ]

  def add_dynamic_coating_mat_str(mat_list, apply_type, workspace)
    # array to hold new IDF objects needed for dynamic coating materials
    string_objects = []

    mat_list.each do |mat|
      puts "mat: #{mat}"
      mat_name = mat.getString(0).to_s  # name
      # no need to clone the material object (in case it is also used in other constructions) because thermal and solar absorptances only matter when the material is on the outside layer
      puts "mat_name: #{mat_name}"

      # based on applied surfaces type, add material objects
      case apply_type
      when 'Both'
        matprops_obj_str = "
          MaterialProperty:VariableAbsorptance,
            variable_#{mat_name}, !- Name
            #{mat_name},           !- Reference Material Name
            SurfaceTemperature,      !- Control Signal
            ThermalAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,   !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
            ,                        !- Thermal Absorptance Schedule Name
            SolarAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,   !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
            ;                        !- Solar Absorptance Schedule Name
          "
        string_objects << matprops_obj_str
      when 'Thermal Only'
        matprops_obj_str = "
          MaterialProperty:VariableAbsorptance,
            variable_#{mat_name}, !- Name
            #{mat_name},           !- Reference Material Name
            SurfaceTemperature,      !- Control Signal
            ThermalAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,   !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
            ,                        !- Thermal Absorptance Schedule Name
            ,                        !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
            ;                        !- Solar Absorptance Schedule Name
          "
        string_objects << matprops_obj_str
      when 'Solar Only'
        matprops_obj_str = "
          MaterialProperty:VariableAbsorptance,
            variable_#{mat_name}, !- Name
            #{mat_name},           !- Reference Material Name
            SurfaceTemperature,      !- Control Signal
            ,                        !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
            ,                        !- Thermal Absorptance Schedule Name
            SolarAbsorptanceTemperatureTable,   !- Trigger Solar Absorptance Function Name
            ;                        !- Solar Absorptance Schedule Name
          "
        string_objects << matprops_obj_str
      else
        runner.registerError("Invalid applied changed property type #{apply_type}, should be 'Thermal Only', 'Solar Only', or 'Both'")
        return false
      end
    end

    return string_objects
  end

  # loop through each targeted outer layer material and add variableabsorptance properties to these materials
  altered_mats = []  # for final condition output
  case apply_where
  when 'Roof Only'
    string_objects = add_dynamic_coating_mat_str(ext_roof_outer_layer_mats, apply_type, workspace)
    altered_mats = ext_roof_outer_layer_mats
  when 'Wall Only'
    string_objects = add_dynamic_coating_mat_str(ext_wall_outer_layer_mats, apply_type, workspace)
    altered_mats = ext_wall_outer_layer_mats
  when 'Both'
    string_objects = add_dynamic_coating_mat_str(ext_roof_outer_layer_mats+ext_wall_outer_layer_mats, apply_type, workspace)
    altered_mats = ext_roof_outer_layer_mats+ext_wall_outer_layer_mats
  else
    runner.registerError("Invalid selection on where to apply the dynamic coating, current: #{apply_where}, should be 'Roof Only', 'Wall Only', or 'Both'.")
    return false
  end
  # add the commonly used properties objects
  string_objects = string_objects + thermal_abs_objs_strs + solar_abs_objs_strs

  # add all of the strings to workspace
  string_objects.each do |string_object|
    idfObject = OpenStudio::IdfObject.load(string_object)
    object = idfObject.get
    workspace.addObject(object)
  end

  # report final condition of model
  runner.registerFinalCondition("The dynamic coating is applied to the following materials: #{altered_mats.map{|mat| mat.getString(0).to_s}}. ")

  return true
end