Class: Playwright::Page

Inherits:
PlaywrightApi show all
Defined in:
lib/playwright_api/page.rb

Overview

  • extends: [EventEmitter]

Page provides methods to interact with a single tab in a ‘Browser`, or an [extension background page](developer.chrome.com/extensions/background_pages) in Chromium. One `Browser` instance might have multiple `Page` instances.

This example creates a page, navigates it to a URL, and then saves a screenshot:

“‘python sync from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

def run(playwright):

webkit = playwright.webkit
browser = webkit.launch()
context = browser.new_context()
page = context.new_page()
page.goto("https://example.com")
page.screenshot(path="screenshot.png")
browser.close()

with sync_playwright() as playwright:

run(playwright)

“‘

The Page class emits various events (described below) which can be handled using any of Node’s native [‘EventEmitter`](nodejs.org/api/events.html#events_class_eventemitter) methods, such as `on`, `once` or `removeListener`.

This example logs a message for a single page ‘load` event:

“‘py page.once(“load”, lambda: print(“page loaded!”)) “`

To unsubscribe from events use the ‘removeListener` method:

“‘py def log_request(intercepted_request):

print("a request was made:", intercepted_request.url)

page.on(“request”, log_request) # sometime later… page.remove_listener(“request”, log_request) “‘

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods inherited from PlaywrightApi

#initialize, unwrap, wrap

Constructor Details

This class inherits a constructor from Playwright::PlaywrightApi

Instance Method Details

#accessibility ⇒ Object

property



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 47

def accessibility # property
  wrap_impl(@impl.accessibility)
end

#add_init_script(path: nil, script: nil) ⇒ Object

Adds a script which would be evaluated in one of the following scenarios:

  • Whenever the page is navigated.

  • Whenever the child frame is attached or navigated. In this case, the script is evaluated in the context of the newly attached frame.

The script is evaluated after the document was created but before any of its scripts were run. This is useful to amend the JavaScript environment, e.g. to seed ‘Math.random`.

An example of overriding ‘Math.random` before the page loads:

“‘python sync # in your playwright script, assuming the preload.js file is in same directory page.add_init_script(path=“./preload.js”) “`

> NOTE: The order of evaluation of multiple scripts installed via [‘method: BrowserContext.addInitScript`] and

‘method: Page.addInitScript`

is not defined.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 80

def add_init_script(path: nil, script: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.add_init_script(path: unwrap_impl(path), script: unwrap_impl(script)))
end

#add_script_tag(content: nil, path: nil, type: nil, url: nil) ⇒ Object

Adds a ‘<script>` tag into the page with the desired url or content. Returns the added tag when the script’s onload fires or when the script content was injected into frame.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.addScriptTag`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 88

def add_script_tag(content: nil, path: nil, type: nil, url: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.add_script_tag(content: unwrap_impl(content), path: unwrap_impl(path), type: unwrap_impl(type), url: unwrap_impl(url)))
end

#add_style_tag(content: nil, path: nil, url: nil) ⇒ Object

Adds a ‘<link rel=“stylesheet”>` tag into the page with the desired url or a `<style type=“text/css”>` tag with the content. Returns the added tag when the stylesheet’s onload fires or when the CSS content was injected into frame.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.addStyleTag`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 96

def add_style_tag(content: nil, path: nil, url: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.add_style_tag(content: unwrap_impl(content), path: unwrap_impl(path), url: unwrap_impl(url)))
end

#bring_to_front ⇒ Object

Brings page to front (activates tab).



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 101

def bring_to_front
  wrap_impl(@impl.bring_to_front)
end

#check(selector, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

This method checks an element matching ‘selector` by performing the following steps:

  1. Find an element matching ‘selector`. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.

  2. Ensure that matched element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method throws. If the element is already checked, this method returns immediately.

  3. Wait for [actionability](./actionability.md) checks on the matched element, unless ‘force` option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.

  4. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  5. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to click in the center of the element.

  6. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

  7. Ensure that the element is now checked. If not, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.check`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 120

def check(
      selector,
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.check(unwrap_impl(selector), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#checked?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is checked. Throws if the element is not a checkbox or radio input.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 625

def checked?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.checked?(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#click(selector, button: nil, clickCount: nil, delay: nil, force: nil, modifiers: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

This method clicks an element matching ‘selector` by performing the following steps:

  1. Find an element matching ‘selector`. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.

  2. Wait for [actionability](./actionability.md) checks on the matched element, unless ‘force` option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.

  3. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  4. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to click in the center of the element, or the specified `position`.

  5. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.click`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 143

def click(
      selector,
      button: nil,
      clickCount: nil,
      delay: nil,
      force: nil,
      modifiers: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.click(unwrap_impl(selector), button: unwrap_impl(button), clickCount: unwrap_impl(clickCount), delay: unwrap_impl(delay), force: unwrap_impl(force), modifiers: unwrap_impl(modifiers), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#close(runBeforeUnload: nil) ⇒ Object

If ‘runBeforeUnload` is `false`, does not run any unload handlers and waits for the page to be closed. If `runBeforeUnload` is `true` the method will run unload handlers, but will not wait for the page to close.

By default, ‘page.close()` **does not** run `beforeunload` handlers.

> NOTE: if ‘runBeforeUnload` is passed as true, a `beforeunload` dialog might be summoned and should be handled manually via [`event: Page.dialog`] event.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 165

def close(runBeforeUnload: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.close(runBeforeUnload: unwrap_impl(runBeforeUnload)))
end

#closed? ⇒ Boolean

Indicates that the page has been closed.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 630

def closed?
  wrap_impl(@impl.closed?)
end

#content ⇒ Object

Gets the full HTML contents of the page, including the doctype.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 170

def content
  wrap_impl(@impl.content)
end

#context ⇒ Object

Get the browser context that the page belongs to.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 175

def context
  wrap_impl(@impl.context)
end

#dblclick(selector, button: nil, delay: nil, force: nil, modifiers: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

This method double clicks an element matching ‘selector` by performing the following steps:

  1. Find an element matching ‘selector`. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.

  2. Wait for [actionability](./actionability.md) checks on the matched element, unless ‘force` option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.

  3. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  4. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to double click in the center of the element, or the specified `position`.

  5. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set. Note that if the first click of the `dblclick()` triggers a navigation event, this method will throw.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

> NOTE: ‘page.dblclick()` dispatches two `click` events and a single `dblclick` event.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.dblclick`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 194

def dblclick(
      selector,
      button: nil,
      delay: nil,
      force: nil,
      modifiers: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.dblclick(unwrap_impl(selector), button: unwrap_impl(button), delay: unwrap_impl(delay), force: unwrap_impl(force), modifiers: unwrap_impl(modifiers), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#disabled?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is disabled, the opposite of [enabled](./actionability.md#enabled).

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 635

def disabled?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.disabled?(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#dispatch_event(selector, type, eventInit: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

The snippet below dispatches the ‘click` event on the element. Regardless of the visibility state of the element, `click` is dispatched. This is equivalent to calling [element.click()](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLElement/click).

“‘python sync page.dispatch_event(“button#submit”, “click”) “`

Under the hood, it creates an instance of an event based on the given ‘type`, initializes it with `eventInit` properties and dispatches it on the element. Events are `composed`, `cancelable` and bubble by default.

Since ‘eventInit` is event-specific, please refer to the events documentation for the lists of initial properties:

You can also specify ‘JSHandle` as the property value if you want live objects to be passed into the event:

“‘python sync # note you can only create data_transfer in chromium and firefox data_transfer = page.evaluate_handle(“new DataTransfer()”) page.dispatch_event(“#source”, “dragstart”, { “dataTransfer”: data_transfer }) “`



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 235

def dispatch_event(
      selector,
      type,
      eventInit: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.dispatch_event(unwrap_impl(selector), unwrap_impl(type), eventInit: unwrap_impl(eventInit), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#drag_and_drop(source, target, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, sourcePosition: nil, strict: nil, targetPosition: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 244

def drag_and_drop(
      source,
      target,
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      sourcePosition: nil,
      strict: nil,
      targetPosition: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.drag_and_drop(unwrap_impl(source), unwrap_impl(target), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), sourcePosition: unwrap_impl(sourcePosition), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), targetPosition: unwrap_impl(targetPosition), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#editable?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is [editable](./actionability.md#editable).

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 640

def editable?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.editable?(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#emulate_media(colorScheme: nil, forcedColors: nil, media: nil, reducedMotion: nil) ⇒ Object

This method changes the ‘CSS media type` through the `media` argument, and/or the `’prefers-colors-scheme’‘ media feature, using the `colorScheme` argument.

“‘python sync page.evaluate(“matchMedia(’screen’).matches”) # → True page.evaluate(“matchMedia(‘print’).matches”) # → False

page.emulate_media(media=“print”) page.evaluate(“matchMedia(‘screen’).matches”) # → False page.evaluate(“matchMedia(‘print’).matches”) # → True

page.emulate_media() page.evaluate(“matchMedia(‘screen’).matches”) # → True page.evaluate(“matchMedia(‘print’).matches”) # → False “‘

“‘python sync page.emulate_media(color_scheme=“dark”) page.evaluate(“matchMedia(’(prefers-color-scheme: dark)‘).matches”) # → True page.evaluate(“matchMedia(’(prefers-color-scheme: light)‘).matches”) # → False page.evaluate(“matchMedia(’(prefers-color-scheme: no-preference)‘).matches”) “`



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 287

def emulate_media(colorScheme: nil, forcedColors: nil, media: nil, reducedMotion: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.emulate_media(colorScheme: unwrap_impl(colorScheme), forcedColors: unwrap_impl(forcedColors), media: unwrap_impl(media), reducedMotion: unwrap_impl(reducedMotion)))
end

#enabled?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is [enabled](./actionability.md#enabled).

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 645

def enabled?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.enabled?(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#eval_on_selector(selector, expression, arg: nil, strict: nil) ⇒ Object

The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page and passes it as a first argument to ‘expression`. If no elements match the selector, the method throws an error. Returns the value of `expression`.

If ‘expression` returns a [Promise], then [`method: Page.evalOnSelector`] would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.

Examples:

“‘python sync search_value = page.eval_on_selector(“#search”, “el => el.value”) preload_href = page.eval_on_selector(“link”, “el => el.href”) html = page.eval_on_selector(“.main-container”, “(e, suffix) => e.outer_html + suffix”, “hello”) “`

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.evalOnSelector`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 306

def eval_on_selector(selector, expression, arg: nil, strict: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.eval_on_selector(unwrap_impl(selector), unwrap_impl(expression), arg: unwrap_impl(arg), strict: unwrap_impl(strict)))
end

#eval_on_selector_all(selector, expression, arg: nil) ⇒ Object

The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page and passes an array of matched elements as a first argument to ‘expression`. Returns the result of `expression` invocation.

If ‘expression` returns a [Promise], then [`method: Page.evalOnSelectorAll`] would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.

Examples:

“‘python sync div_counts = page.eval_on_selector_all(“div”, “(divs, min) => divs.length >= min”, 10) “`



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 321

def eval_on_selector_all(selector, expression, arg: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.eval_on_selector_all(unwrap_impl(selector), unwrap_impl(expression), arg: unwrap_impl(arg)))
end

#evaluate(expression, arg: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the value of the ‘expression` invocation.

If the function passed to the [‘method: Page.evaluate`] returns a [Promise], then [`method: Page.evaluate`] would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.

If the function passed to the [‘method: Page.evaluate`] returns a non- value, then

‘method: Page.evaluate`

resolves to ‘undefined`. Playwright also supports transferring some additional values that are

not serializable by ‘JSON`: `-0`, `NaN`, `Infinity`, `-Infinity`.

Passing argument to ‘expression`:

“‘python sync result = page.evaluate(“([x, y]) => Promise.resolve(x * y)”, [7, 8]) print(result) # prints “56” “`

A string can also be passed in instead of a function:

“‘python sync print(page.evaluate(“1 + 2”)) # prints “3” x = 10 print(page.evaluate(f“1 + x”)) # prints “11” “`

‘ElementHandle` instances can be passed as an argument to the [`method: Page.evaluate`]:

“‘python sync body_handle = page.query_selector(“body”) html = page.evaluate(“([body, suffix]) => body.innerHTML + suffix”, [body_handle, “hello”]) body_handle.dispose() “`

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.evaluate`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 358

def evaluate(expression, arg: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.evaluate(unwrap_impl(expression), arg: unwrap_impl(arg)))
end

#evaluate_handle(expression, arg: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the value of the ‘expression` invocation as a `JSHandle`.

The only difference between [‘method: Page.evaluate`] and [`method: Page.evaluateHandle`] is that

‘method: Page.evaluateHandle`

returns ‘JSHandle`.

If the function passed to the [‘method: Page.evaluateHandle`] returns a [Promise], then [`method: Page.evaluateHandle`] would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.

“‘python sync a_window_handle = page.evaluate_handle(“Promise.resolve(window)”) a_window_handle # handle for the window object. “`

A string can also be passed in instead of a function:

“‘python sync a_handle = page.evaluate_handle(“document”) # handle for the “document” “`

‘JSHandle` instances can be passed as an argument to the [`method: Page.evaluateHandle`]:

“‘python sync a_handle = page.evaluate_handle(“document.body”) result_handle = page.evaluate_handle(“body => body.innerHTML”, a_handle) print(result_handle.json_value()) result_handle.dispose() “`



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 389

def evaluate_handle(expression, arg: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.evaluate_handle(unwrap_impl(expression), arg: unwrap_impl(arg)))
end

#expect_console_message(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Performs action and waits for a ‘ConsoleMessage` to be logged by in the page. If predicate is provided, it passes `ConsoleMessage` value into the `predicate` function and waits for `predicate(message)` to return a truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the [`event: Page.console`] event is fired.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1110

def expect_console_message(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_console_message(predicate: unwrap_impl(predicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_download(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Performs action and waits for a new ‘Download`. If predicate is provided, it passes `Download` value into the `predicate` function and waits for `predicate(download)` to return a truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the download event is fired.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1117

def expect_download(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_download(predicate: unwrap_impl(predicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_event(event, predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Waits for event to fire and passes its value into the predicate function. Returns when the predicate returns truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the event is fired. Returns the event data value.

“‘python sync with page.expect_event(“framenavigated”) as event_info:

page.click("button")

frame = event_info.value “‘



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1129

def expect_event(event, predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_event(unwrap_impl(event), predicate: unwrap_impl(predicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_file_chooser(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Performs action and waits for a new ‘FileChooser` to be created. If predicate is provided, it passes `FileChooser` value into the `predicate` function and waits for `predicate(fileChooser)` to return a truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the file chooser is opened.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1136

def expect_file_chooser(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_file_chooser(predicate: unwrap_impl(predicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_navigation(timeout: nil, url: nil, waitUntil: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Waits for the main frame navigation and returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect. In case of navigation to a different anchor or navigation due to History API usage, the navigation will resolve with ‘null`.

This resolves when the page navigates to a new URL or reloads. It is useful for when you run code which will indirectly cause the page to navigate. e.g. The click target has an ‘onclick` handler that triggers navigation from a `setTimeout`. Consider this example:

“‘python sync with page.expect_navigation():

page.click("a.delayed-navigation") # clicking the link will indirectly cause a navigation

# Resolves after navigation has finished “‘

> NOTE: Usage of the [History API](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/History_API) to change the URL is considered a navigation.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.waitForNavigation`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1213

def expect_navigation(timeout: nil, url: nil, waitUntil: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_navigation(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), url: unwrap_impl(url), waitUntil: unwrap_impl(waitUntil), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_popup(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Performs action and waits for a popup ‘Page`. If predicate is provided, it passes [Popup] value into the `predicate` function and waits for `predicate(page)` to return a truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the popup event is fired.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1220

def expect_popup(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_popup(predicate: unwrap_impl(predicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_request(urlOrPredicate, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Waits for the matching request and returns it. See [waiting for event](./events.md#waiting-for-event) for more details about events.

“‘python sync with page.expect_request(“example.com/resource”) as first:

page.click('button')

first_request = first.value

# or with a lambda with page.expect_request(lambda request: request.url == “example.com” and request.method == “get”) as second:

page.click('img')

second_request = second.value “‘



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1237

def expect_request(urlOrPredicate, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_request(unwrap_impl(urlOrPredicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_request_finished(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Performs action and waits for a ‘Request` to finish loading. If predicate is provided, it passes `Request` value into the `predicate` function and waits for `predicate(request)` to return a truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the [`event: Page.requestFinished`] event is fired.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1244

def expect_request_finished(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_request_finished(predicate: unwrap_impl(predicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_response(urlOrPredicate, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Returns the matched response. See [waiting for event](./events.md#waiting-for-event) for more details about events.

“‘python sync with page.expect_response(“example.com/resource”) as response_info:

page.click("input")

response = response_info.value return response.ok

# or with a lambda with page.expect_response(lambda response: response.url == “example.com” and response.status === 200) as response_info:

page.click("input")

response = response_info.value return response.ok “‘



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1262

def expect_response(urlOrPredicate, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_response(unwrap_impl(urlOrPredicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_websocket(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Performs action and waits for a new ‘WebSocket`. If predicate is provided, it passes `WebSocket` value into the `predicate` function and waits for `predicate(webSocket)` to return a truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the WebSocket event is fired.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1325

def expect_websocket(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_websocket(predicate: unwrap_impl(predicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expect_worker(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Performs action and waits for a new ‘Worker`. If predicate is provided, it passes `Worker` value into the `predicate` function and waits for `predicate(worker)` to return a truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the worker event is fired.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1332

def expect_worker(predicate: nil, timeout: nil, &block)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect_worker(predicate: unwrap_impl(predicate), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), &wrap_block_call(block)))
end

#expose_binding(name, callback, handle: nil) ⇒ Object

The method adds a function called ‘name` on the `window` object of every frame in this page. When called, the function executes `callback` and returns a [Promise] which resolves to the return value of `callback`. If the `callback` returns a [Promise], it will be awaited.

The first argument of the ‘callback` function contains information about the caller: `{ browserContext: BrowserContext, page: Page, frame: Frame }`.

See [‘method: BrowserContext.exposeBinding`] for the context-wide version.

> NOTE: Functions installed via [‘method: Page.exposeBinding`] survive navigations.

An example of exposing page URL to all frames in a page:

“‘python sync from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

def run(playwright):

webkit = playwright.webkit
browser = webkit.launch(headless=false)
context = browser.new_context()
page = context.new_page()
page.expose_binding("pageURL", lambda source: source["page"].url)
page.set_content("""
<script>
  async function onClick() {
    document.querySelector('div').textContent = await window.pageURL();
  }
</script>
<button onclick="onClick()">Click me</button>
<div></div>
""")
page.click("button")

with sync_playwright() as playwright:

run(playwright)

“‘

An example of passing an element handle:

“‘python sync def print(source, element):

print(element.text_content())

page.expose_binding(“clicked”, print, handle=true) page.set_content(“”“

<script>
  document.addEventListener('click', event => window.clicked(event.target));
</script>
<div>Click me</div>
<div>Or click me</div>

“”“) “‘



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 445

def expose_binding(name, callback, handle: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expose_binding(unwrap_impl(name), unwrap_impl(callback), handle: unwrap_impl(handle)))
end

#expose_function(name, callback) ⇒ Object

The method adds a function called ‘name` on the `window` object of every frame in the page. When called, the function executes `callback` and returns a [Promise] which resolves to the return value of `callback`.

If the ‘callback` returns a [Promise], it will be awaited.

See [‘method: BrowserContext.exposeFunction`] for context-wide exposed function.

> NOTE: Functions installed via [‘method: Page.exposeFunction`] survive navigations.

An example of adding a ‘sha256` function to the page:

“‘python sync import hashlib from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

def sha256(text):

m = hashlib.sha256()
m.update(bytes(text, "utf8"))
return m.hexdigest()

def run(playwright):

webkit = playwright.webkit
browser = webkit.launch(headless=False)
page = browser.new_page()
page.expose_function("sha256", sha256)
page.set_content("""
    <script>
      async function onClick() {
        document.querySelector('div').textContent = await window.sha256('PLAYWRIGHT');
      }
    </script>
    <button onclick="onClick()">Click me</button>
    <div></div>
""")
page.click("button")

with sync_playwright() as playwright:

run(playwright)

“‘



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 489

def expose_function(name, callback)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expose_function(unwrap_impl(name), unwrap_impl(callback)))
end

#fill(selector, value, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

This method waits for an element matching ‘selector`, waits for [actionability](./actionability.md) checks, focuses the element, fills it and triggers an `input` event after filling. Note that you can pass an empty string to clear the input field.

If the target element is not an ‘<input>`, `<textarea>` or `[contenteditable]` element, this method throws an error. However, if the element is inside the `<label>` element that has an associated [control](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLLabelElement/control), the control will be filled instead.

To send fine-grained keyboard events, use [‘method: Page.type`].

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.fill`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 505

def fill(
      selector,
      value,
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.fill(unwrap_impl(selector), unwrap_impl(value), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#focus(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

This method fetches an element with ‘selector` and focuses it. If there’s no element matching ‘selector`, the method waits until a matching element appears in the DOM.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.focus`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 519

def focus(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.focus(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#frame(name: nil, url: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns frame matching the specified criteria. Either ‘name` or `url` must be specified.

“‘py frame = page.frame(name=“frame-name”) “`

“‘py frame = page.frame(url=r“.domain.”) “`



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 532

def frame(name: nil, url: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.frame(name: unwrap_impl(name), url: unwrap_impl(url)))
end

#frames ⇒ Object

An array of all frames attached to the page.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 537

def frames
  wrap_impl(@impl.frames)
end

#get_attribute(selector, name, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns element attribute value.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 542

def get_attribute(selector, name, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.get_attribute(unwrap_impl(selector), unwrap_impl(name), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#go_back(timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect. If can not go back, returns ‘null`.

Navigate to the previous page in history.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 550

def go_back(timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.go_back(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), waitUntil: unwrap_impl(waitUntil)))
end

#go_forward(timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect. If can not go forward, returns ‘null`.

Navigate to the next page in history.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 558

def go_forward(timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.go_forward(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), waitUntil: unwrap_impl(waitUntil)))
end

#goto(url, referer: nil, timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect.

The method will throw an error if:

  • there’s an SSL error (e.g. in case of self-signed certificates).

  • target URL is invalid.

  • the ‘timeout` is exceeded during navigation.

  • the remote server does not respond or is unreachable.

  • the main resource failed to load.

The method will not throw an error when any valid HTTP status code is returned by the remote server, including 404 “Not Found” and 500 “Internal Server Error”. The status code for such responses can be retrieved by calling [‘method: Response.status`].

> NOTE: The method either throws an error or returns a main resource response. The only exceptions are navigation to ‘about:blank` or navigation to the same URL with a different hash, which would succeed and return `null`. > NOTE: Headless mode doesn’t support navigation to a PDF document. See the [upstream issue](bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=761295).

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.goto`]



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 582

def goto(url, referer: nil, timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.goto(unwrap_impl(url), referer: unwrap_impl(referer), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), waitUntil: unwrap_impl(waitUntil)))
end

#guid ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1379

def guid
  wrap_impl(@impl.guid)
end

#hidden?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is hidden, the opposite of [visible](./actionability.md#visible). ‘selector` that does not match any elements is considered hidden.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 651

def hidden?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.hidden?(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#hover(selector, force: nil, modifiers: nil, position: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

This method hovers over an element matching ‘selector` by performing the following steps:

  1. Find an element matching ‘selector`. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.

  2. Wait for [actionability](./actionability.md) checks on the matched element, unless ‘force` option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.

  3. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  4. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to hover over the center of the element, or the specified `position`.

  5. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.hover`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 598

def hover(
      selector,
      force: nil,
      modifiers: nil,
      position: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.hover(unwrap_impl(selector), force: unwrap_impl(force), modifiers: unwrap_impl(modifiers), position: unwrap_impl(position), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#inner_html(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns ‘element.innerHTML`.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 610

def inner_html(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.inner_html(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#inner_text(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns ‘element.innerText`.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 615

def inner_text(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.inner_text(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#input_value(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns ‘input.value` for the selected `<input>` or `<textarea>` or `<select>` element. Throws for non-input elements.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 620

def input_value(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.input_value(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#keyboard ⇒ Object

property



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 51

def keyboard # property
  wrap_impl(@impl.keyboard)
end

#locator(selector) ⇒ Object

The method returns an element locator that can be used to perform actions on the page. Locator is resolved to the element immediately before performing an action, so a series of actions on the same locator can in fact be performed on different DOM elements. That would happen if the DOM structure between those actions has changed.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.locator`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 666

def locator(selector)
  wrap_impl(@impl.locator(unwrap_impl(selector)))
end

#main_frame ⇒ Object

The page’s main frame. Page is guaranteed to have a main frame which persists during navigations.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 671

def main_frame
  wrap_impl(@impl.main_frame)
end

#mouse ⇒ Object

property



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 55

def mouse # property
  wrap_impl(@impl.mouse)
end

#off(event, callback) ⇒ Object

– inherited from EventEmitter –



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1385

def off(event, callback)
  event_emitter_proxy.off(event, callback)
end

#on(event, callback) ⇒ Object

– inherited from EventEmitter –



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1397

def on(event, callback)
  event_emitter_proxy.on(event, callback)
end

#once(event, callback) ⇒ Object

– inherited from EventEmitter –



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1391

def once(event, callback)
  event_emitter_proxy.once(event, callback)
end

#opener ⇒ Object

Returns the opener for popup pages and ‘null` for others. If the opener has been closed already the returns `null`.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 676

def opener
  wrap_impl(@impl.opener)
end

#owned_context=(req) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1354

def owned_context=(req)
  wrap_impl(@impl.owned_context=(unwrap_impl(req)))
end

#pause ⇒ Object

Pauses script execution. Playwright will stop executing the script and wait for the user to either press ‘Resume’ button in the page overlay or to call ‘playwright.resume()` in the DevTools console.

User can inspect selectors or perform manual steps while paused. Resume will continue running the original script from the place it was paused.

> NOTE: This method requires Playwright to be started in a headed mode, with a falsy ‘headless` value in the [`method: BrowserType.launch`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 688

def pause
  wrap_impl(@impl.pause)
end

#pdf(displayHeaderFooter: nil, footerTemplate: nil, format: nil, headerTemplate: nil, height: nil, landscape: nil, margin: nil, pageRanges: nil, path: nil, preferCSSPageSize: nil, printBackground: nil, scale: nil, width: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the PDF buffer.

> NOTE: Generating a pdf is currently only supported in Chromium headless.

‘page.pdf()` generates a pdf of the page with `print` css media. To generate a pdf with `screen` media, call

‘method: Page.emulateMedia`

before calling ‘page.pdf()`:

> NOTE: By default, ‘page.pdf()` generates a pdf with modified colors for printing. Use the [`-webkit-print-color-adjust`](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-print-color-adjust) property to force rendering of exact colors.

“‘python sync # generates a pdf with “screen” media type. page.emulate_media(media=“screen”) page.pdf(path=“page.pdf”) “`

The ‘width`, `height`, and `margin` options accept values labeled with units. Unlabeled values are treated as pixels.

A few examples:

  • ‘page.pdf(100)` - prints with width set to 100 pixels

  • ‘page.pdf(’100px’)‘ - prints with width set to 100 pixels

  • ‘page.pdf(’10cm’)‘ - prints with width set to 10 centimeters.

All possible units are:

  • ‘px` - pixel

  • ‘in` - inch

  • ‘cm` - centimeter

  • ‘mm` - millimeter

The ‘format` options are:

  • ‘Letter`: 8.5in x 11in

  • ‘Legal`: 8.5in x 14in

  • ‘Tabloid`: 11in x 17in

  • ‘Ledger`: 17in x 11in

  • ‘A0`: 33.1in x 46.8in

  • ‘A1`: 23.4in x 33.1in

  • ‘A2`: 16.54in x 23.4in

  • ‘A3`: 11.7in x 16.54in

  • ‘A4`: 8.27in x 11.7in

  • ‘A5`: 5.83in x 8.27in

  • ‘A6`: 4.13in x 5.83in

> NOTE: ‘headerTemplate` and `footerTemplate` markup have the following limitations: > 1. Script tags inside templates are not evaluated. > 2. Page styles are not visible inside templates.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 737

def pdf(
      displayHeaderFooter: nil,
      footerTemplate: nil,
      format: nil,
      headerTemplate: nil,
      height: nil,
      landscape: nil,
      margin: nil,
      pageRanges: nil,
      path: nil,
      preferCSSPageSize: nil,
      printBackground: nil,
      scale: nil,
      width: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.pdf(displayHeaderFooter: unwrap_impl(displayHeaderFooter), footerTemplate: unwrap_impl(footerTemplate), format: unwrap_impl(format), headerTemplate: unwrap_impl(headerTemplate), height: unwrap_impl(height), landscape: unwrap_impl(landscape), margin: unwrap_impl(margin), pageRanges: unwrap_impl(pageRanges), path: unwrap_impl(path), preferCSSPageSize: unwrap_impl(preferCSSPageSize), printBackground: unwrap_impl(printBackground), scale: unwrap_impl(scale), width: unwrap_impl(width)))
end

#press(selector, key, delay: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Focuses the element, and then uses [‘method: Keyboard.down`] and [`method: Keyboard.up`].

‘key` can specify the intended [keyboardEvent.key](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/key) value or a single character to generate the text for. A superset of the `key` values can be found [here](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/key/Key_Values). Examples of the keys are:

‘F1` - `F12`, `Digit0`- `Digit9`, `KeyA`- `KeyZ`, `Backquote`, `Minus`, `Equal`, `Backslash`, `Backspace`, `Tab`, `Delete`, `Escape`, `ArrowDown`, `End`, `Enter`, `Home`, `Insert`, `PageDown`, `PageUp`, `ArrowRight`, `ArrowUp`, etc.

Following modification shortcuts are also supported: ‘Shift`, `Control`, `Alt`, `Meta`, `ShiftLeft`.

Holding down ‘Shift` will type the text that corresponds to the `key` in the upper case.

If ‘key` is a single character, it is case-sensitive, so the values `a` and `A` will generate different respective texts.

Shortcuts such as ‘key: “Control+o”` or `key: “Control+Shift+T”` are supported as well. When specified with the modifier, modifier is pressed and being held while the subsequent key is being pressed.

“‘python sync page = browser.new_page() page.goto(“keycode.info”) page.press(“body”, “A”) page.screenshot(path=“a.png”) page.press(“body”, “ArrowLeft”) page.screenshot(path=“arrow_left.png”) page.press(“body”, “Shift+O”) page.screenshot(path=“o.png”) browser.close() “`



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 784

def press(
      selector,
      key,
      delay: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.press(unwrap_impl(selector), unwrap_impl(key), delay: unwrap_impl(delay), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#query_selector(selector, strict: nil) ⇒ Object

The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page. If no elements match the selector, the return value resolves to ‘null`. To wait for an element on the page, use [`method: Page.waitForSelector`].

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.querySelector`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 798

def query_selector(selector, strict: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.query_selector(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict)))
end

#query_selector_all(selector) ⇒ Object

The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page. If no elements match the selector, the return value resolves to ‘[]`.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.querySelectorAll`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 806

def query_selector_all(selector)
  wrap_impl(@impl.query_selector_all(unwrap_impl(selector)))
end

#reload(timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 812

def reload(timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.reload(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), waitUntil: unwrap_impl(waitUntil)))
end

#route(url, handler, times: nil) ⇒ Object

Routing provides the capability to modify network requests that are made by a page.

Once routing is enabled, every request matching the url pattern will stall unless it’s continued, fulfilled or aborted.

> NOTE: The handler will only be called for the first url if the response is a redirect. > NOTE: [‘method: Page.route`] will not intercept requests intercepted by Service Worker. See [this](github.com/microsoft/playwright/issues/1090) issue. We recommend disabling Service Workers when using request interception. Via `await context.addInitScript(() => delete window.navigator.serviceWorker);`

An example of a naive handler that aborts all image requests:

“‘python sync page = browser.new_page() page.route(“*/.png,jpg,jpeg”, lambda route: route.abort()) page.goto(“example.com”) browser.close() “`

or the same snippet using a regex pattern instead:

“‘python sync page = browser.new_page() page.route(re.compile(r“(.png$)|(.jpg$)”), lambda route: route.abort()) page.goto(“example.com”) browser.close() “`

It is possible to examine the request to decide the route action. For example, mocking all requests that contain some post data, and leaving all other requests as is:

“‘python sync def handle_route(route):

if ("my-string" in route.request.post_data)
  route.fulfill(body="mocked-data")
else
  route.continue_()

page.route(“/api/**”, handle_route) “‘

Page routes take precedence over browser context routes (set up with [‘method: BrowserContext.route`]) when request matches both handlers.

To remove a route with its handler you can use [‘method: Page.unroute`].

> NOTE: Enabling routing disables http cache.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 861

def route(url, handler, times: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.route(unwrap_impl(url), unwrap_impl(handler), times: unwrap_impl(times)))
end

#screenshot(clip: nil, fullPage: nil, omitBackground: nil, path: nil, quality: nil, timeout: nil, type: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the buffer with the captured screenshot.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 866

def screenshot(
      clip: nil,
      fullPage: nil,
      omitBackground: nil,
      path: nil,
      quality: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      type: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.screenshot(clip: unwrap_impl(clip), fullPage: unwrap_impl(fullPage), omitBackground: unwrap_impl(omitBackground), path: unwrap_impl(path), quality: unwrap_impl(quality), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), type: unwrap_impl(type)))
end

#select_option(selector, element: nil, index: nil, value: nil, label: nil, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

This method waits for an element matching ‘selector`, waits for [actionability](./actionability.md) checks, waits until all specified options are present in the `<select>` element and selects these options.

If the target element is not a ‘<select>` element, this method throws an error. However, if the element is inside the `<label>` element that has an associated [control](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLLabelElement/control), the control will be used instead.

Returns the array of option values that have been successfully selected.

Triggers a ‘change` and `input` event once all the provided options have been selected.

“‘python sync # single selection matching the value page.select_option(“select#colors”, “blue”) # single selection matching both the label page.select_option(“select#colors”, label=“blue”) # multiple selection page.select_option(“select#colors”, value=[“red”, “green”, “blue”]) “`

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.selectOption`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 898

def select_option(
      selector,
      element: nil,
      index: nil,
      value: nil,
      label: nil,
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.select_option(unwrap_impl(selector), element: unwrap_impl(element), index: unwrap_impl(index), value: unwrap_impl(value), label: unwrap_impl(label), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#set_checked(selector, checked, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

This method checks or unchecks an element matching ‘selector` by performing the following steps:

  1. Find an element matching ‘selector`. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.

  2. Ensure that matched element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method throws.

  3. If the element already has the right checked state, this method returns immediately.

  4. Wait for [actionability](./actionability.md) checks on the matched element, unless ‘force` option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.

  5. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  6. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to click in the center of the element.

  7. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

  8. Ensure that the element is now checked or unchecked. If not, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.setChecked`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 926

def set_checked(
      selector,
      checked,
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.set_checked(unwrap_impl(selector), unwrap_impl(checked), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#set_content(html, timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil) ⇒ Object Also known as: content= 



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 938

def set_content(html, timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.set_content(unwrap_impl(html), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), waitUntil: unwrap_impl(waitUntil)))
end

#set_default_navigation_timeout(timeout) ⇒ Object Also known as: default_navigation_timeout=

This setting will change the default maximum navigation time for the following methods and related shortcuts:

  • ‘method: Page.goBack`
  • ‘method: Page.goForward`
  • ‘method: Page.goto`
  • ‘method: Page.reload`
  • ‘method: Page.setContent`
  • ‘method: Page.waitForNavigation`
  • ‘method: Page.waitForURL`

> NOTE: [‘method: Page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout`] takes priority over [`method: Page.setDefaultTimeout`],

‘method: BrowserContext.setDefaultTimeout`

and [‘method: BrowserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 954

def set_default_navigation_timeout(timeout)
  wrap_impl(@impl.set_default_navigation_timeout(unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#set_default_timeout(timeout) ⇒ Object Also known as: default_timeout=

This setting will change the default maximum time for all the methods accepting ‘timeout` option.

> NOTE: [‘method: Page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout`] takes priority over [`method: Page.setDefaultTimeout`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 962

def set_default_timeout(timeout)
  wrap_impl(@impl.set_default_timeout(unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#set_extra_http_headers(headers) ⇒ Object Also known as: extra_http_headers=

The extra HTTP headers will be sent with every request the page initiates.

> NOTE: [‘method: Page.setExtraHTTPHeaders`] does not guarantee the order of headers in the outgoing requests.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 970

def set_extra_http_headers(headers)
  wrap_impl(@impl.set_extra_http_headers(unwrap_impl(headers)))
end

#set_input_files(selector, files, noWaitAfter: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

This method expects ‘selector` to point to an [input element](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input).

Sets the value of the file input to these file paths or files. If some of the ‘filePaths` are relative paths, then they are resolved relative to the the current working directory. For empty array, clears the selected files.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 980

def set_input_files(
      selector,
      files,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.set_input_files(unwrap_impl(selector), unwrap_impl(files), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#set_viewport_size(viewportSize) ⇒ Object Also known as: viewport_size=

In the case of multiple pages in a single browser, each page can have its own viewport size. However,

‘method: Browser.newContext`

allows to set viewport size (and more) for all pages in the context at once.

‘page.setViewportSize` will resize the page. A lot of websites don’t expect phones to change size, so you should set the viewport size before navigating to the page.

“‘python sync page = browser.new_page() page.set_viewport_size(640, “height”: 480) page.goto(“example.com”) “`



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1000

def set_viewport_size(viewportSize)
  wrap_impl(@impl.set_viewport_size(unwrap_impl(viewportSize)))
end

#start_css_coverage(resetOnNavigation: nil, reportAnonymousScripts: nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1369

def start_css_coverage(resetOnNavigation: nil, reportAnonymousScripts: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.start_css_coverage(resetOnNavigation: unwrap_impl(resetOnNavigation), reportAnonymousScripts: unwrap_impl(reportAnonymousScripts)))
end

#start_js_coverage(resetOnNavigation: nil, reportAnonymousScripts: nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1359

def start_js_coverage(resetOnNavigation: nil, reportAnonymousScripts: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.start_js_coverage(resetOnNavigation: unwrap_impl(resetOnNavigation), reportAnonymousScripts: unwrap_impl(reportAnonymousScripts)))
end

#stop_css_coverage ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1374

def stop_css_coverage
  wrap_impl(@impl.stop_css_coverage)
end

#stop_js_coverage ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1364

def stop_js_coverage
  wrap_impl(@impl.stop_js_coverage)
end

#tap_point(selector, force: nil, modifiers: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

This method taps an element matching ‘selector` by performing the following steps:

  1. Find an element matching ‘selector`. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.

  2. Wait for [actionability](./actionability.md) checks on the matched element, unless ‘force` option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.

  3. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  4. Use [‘property: Page.touchscreen`] to tap the center of the element, or the specified `position`.

  5. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

> NOTE: [‘method: Page.tap`] requires that the `hasTouch` option of the browser context be set to true.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.tap`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1019

def tap_point(
      selector,
      force: nil,
      modifiers: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.tap_point(unwrap_impl(selector), force: unwrap_impl(force), modifiers: unwrap_impl(modifiers), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#text_content(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns ‘element.textContent`.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1032

def text_content(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.text_content(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#title ⇒ Object

Returns the page’s title. Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.title`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1037

def title
  wrap_impl(@impl.title)
end

#touchscreen ⇒ Object

property



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 59

def touchscreen # property
  wrap_impl(@impl.touchscreen)
end

#type(selector, text, delay: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Sends a ‘keydown`, `keypress`/`input`, and `keyup` event for each character in the text. `page.type` can be used to send fine-grained keyboard events. To fill values in form fields, use [`method: Page.fill`].

To press a special key, like ‘Control` or `ArrowDown`, use [`method: Keyboard.press`].

“‘python sync page.type(“#mytextarea”, “hello”) # types instantly page.type(“#mytextarea”, “world”, delay=100) # types slower, like a user “`

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.type`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1052

def type(
      selector,
      text,
      delay: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.type(unwrap_impl(selector), unwrap_impl(text), delay: unwrap_impl(delay), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#uncheck(selector, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

This method unchecks an element matching ‘selector` by performing the following steps:

  1. Find an element matching ‘selector`. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.

  2. Ensure that matched element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method throws. If the element is already unchecked, this method returns immediately.

  3. Wait for [actionability](./actionability.md) checks on the matched element, unless ‘force` option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.

  4. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  5. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to click in the center of the element.

  6. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

  7. Ensure that the element is now unchecked. If not, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.uncheck`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1077

def uncheck(
      selector,
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      strict: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.uncheck(unwrap_impl(selector), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#unroute(url, handler: nil) ⇒ Object

Removes a route created with [‘method: Page.route`]. When `handler` is not specified, removes all routes for the `url`.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1089

def unroute(url, handler: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.unroute(unwrap_impl(url), handler: unwrap_impl(handler)))
end

#url ⇒ Object

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.url`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1094

def url
  wrap_impl(@impl.url)
end

#video ⇒ Object

Video object associated with this page.



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1099

def video
  wrap_impl(@impl.video)
end

#viewport_size ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1103

def viewport_size
  wrap_impl(@impl.viewport_size)
end

#visible?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is [visible](./actionability.md#visible). ‘selector` that does not match any elements is considered not visible.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 657

def visible?(selector, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.visible?(unwrap_impl(selector), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#wait_for_event(event, predicate: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

> NOTE: In most cases, you should use [‘method: Page.waitForEvent`].

Waits for given ‘event` to fire. If predicate is provided, it passes event’s value into the ‘predicate` function and waits for `predicate(event)` to return a truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the `event` is fired.

Raises:

  • (NotImplementedError) 


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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1349

def wait_for_event(event, predicate: nil, timeout: nil)
  raise NotImplementedError.new('wait_for_event is not implemented yet.')
end

#wait_for_function(expression, arg: nil, polling: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns when the ‘expression` returns a truthy value. It resolves to a JSHandle of the truthy value.

The [‘method: Page.waitForFunction`] can be used to observe viewport size change:

“‘python sync from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

def run(playwright):

webkit = playwright.webkit
browser = webkit.launch()
page = browser.new_page()
page.evaluate("window.x = 0; setTimeout(() => { window.x = 100 }, 1000);")
page.wait_for_function("() => window.x > 0")
browser.close()

with sync_playwright() as playwright:

run(playwright)

“‘

To pass an argument to the predicate of [‘method: Page.waitForFunction`] function:

“‘python sync selector = “.foo” page.wait_for_function(“selector => !!document.querySelector(selector)”, selector) “`

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.waitForFunction`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1167

def wait_for_function(expression, arg: nil, polling: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.wait_for_function(unwrap_impl(expression), arg: unwrap_impl(arg), polling: unwrap_impl(polling), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#wait_for_load_state(state: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns when the required load state has been reached.

This resolves when the page reaches a required load state, ‘load` by default. The navigation must have been committed when this method is called. If current document has already reached the required state, resolves immediately.

“‘python sync page.click(“button”) # click triggers navigation. page.wait_for_load_state() # the promise resolves after “load” event. “`

“‘python sync with page.expect_popup() as page_info:

page.click("button") # click triggers a popup.

popup = page_info.value

# Following resolves after "domcontentloaded" event.

popup.wait_for_load_state(“domcontentloaded”) print(popup.title()) # popup is ready to use. “‘

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.waitForLoadState`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1191

def wait_for_load_state(state: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.wait_for_load_state(state: unwrap_impl(state), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#wait_for_selector(selector, state: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns when element specified by selector satisfies ‘state` option. Returns `null` if waiting for `hidden` or `detached`.

Wait for the ‘selector` to satisfy `state` option (either appear/disappear from dom, or become visible/hidden). If at the moment of calling the method `selector` already satisfies the condition, the method will return immediately. If the selector doesn’t satisfy the condition for the ‘timeout` milliseconds, the function will throw.

This method works across navigations:

“‘python sync from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

def run(playwright):

chromium = playwright.chromium
browser = chromium.launch()
page = browser.new_page()
for current_url in ["https://google.com", "https://bbc.com"]:
    page.goto(current_url, wait_until="domcontentloaded")
    element = page.wait_for_selector("img")
    print("Loaded image: " + str(element.get_attribute("src")))
browser.close()

with sync_playwright() as playwright:

run(playwright)

“‘



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1291

def wait_for_selector(selector, state: nil, strict: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.wait_for_selector(unwrap_impl(selector), state: unwrap_impl(state), strict: unwrap_impl(strict), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#wait_for_timeout(timeout) ⇒ Object

Waits for the given ‘timeout` in milliseconds.

Note that ‘page.waitForTimeout()` should only be used for debugging. Tests using the timer in production are going to be flaky. Use signals such as network events, selectors becoming visible and others instead.

“‘python sync # wait for 1 second page.wait_for_timeout(1000) “`

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.waitForTimeout`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1306

def wait_for_timeout(timeout)
  wrap_impl(@impl.wait_for_timeout(unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#wait_for_url(url, timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil) ⇒ Object

Waits for the main frame to navigate to the given URL.

“‘python sync page.click(“a.delayed-navigation”) # clicking the link will indirectly cause a navigation page.wait_for_url(“**/target.html”) “`

Shortcut for main frame’s [‘method: Frame.waitForURL`].



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1318

def wait_for_url(url, timeout: nil, waitUntil: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.wait_for_url(unwrap_impl(url), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), waitUntil: unwrap_impl(waitUntil)))
end

#workers ⇒ Object

This method returns all of the dedicated [WebWorkers](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Workers_API) associated with the page.

> NOTE: This does not contain ServiceWorkers



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# File 'lib/playwright_api/page.rb', line 1340

def workers
  wrap_impl(@impl.workers)
end