Module: PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser

Defined in:
lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb

Overview

This plugin rocks. Chrome, Firefox, headless, REST Client, all from the comfort of one plugin. Proxy support (e.g. Burp Suite Professional) is completely available for all browsers except for limited functionality within IE (IE has interesting protections in place to prevent this). This plugin also supports taking screenshots :)

Constant Summary collapse

@@logger = 
PWN::Plugins::PWNLogger.create

Class Method Summary collapse

Class Method Details

.authors ⇒ Object

Author(s)

0day Inc. [email protected]



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1801

public_class_method def self.authors
  "AUTHOR(S):
    0day Inc. <[email protected]>
  "
end

.breakpoint_locations(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

page_state_arr = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.breakpoint_locations( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1304

public_class_method def self.breakpoint_locations(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  supported = %i[chrome headless_chrome]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj, supported: supported)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  valid_methods = %w[Debugger.scriptParsed Debugger.paused Debugger.resumed]
  devtools = browser_obj[:devtools]
  ws_msg = devtools_websocket_messages(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  method = ws_msg['method']
  raise "ERROR: Unsupported method: #{method}" unless valid_methods.include?(method)

  case method
  when 'Debugger.resumed', 'Debugger.paused'
    script_id = ws_msg['params']['callFrames'].first['location']['scriptId'].to_s
  when 'Debugger.scriptParsed'
    script_id = ws_msg['params']['scriptId'].to_s
  end

  puts "Method: #{method}"
  puts "Fetching possible breakpoints for script ID: #{script_id}..."
  bcmd = 'Debugger.getPossibleBreakpoints'
  devtools.send_cmd(bcmd, start: { scriptId: script_id, lineNumber: 0, columnNumber: 0 })
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.close(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

browser_obj1 = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.close( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1549

public_class_method def self.close(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]

  return nil unless browser_obj.is_a?(Hash)

  browser = browser_obj[:browser]
  tor_obj = browser_obj[:tor_obj]

  PWN::Plugins::Tor.stop(tor_obj: browser_obj[:tor_obj]) if tor_obj

  # Close the browser unless browser.nil? (thus the &)
  browser&.close unless browser == RestClient

  nil
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.close_tab(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

tab = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.close_tab( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)', index: 'optional - index of tab to close (defaults to closing active tab)', keyword: 'optional - keyword in title or url used to close tabs (defaults to closing active tab)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 922

public_class_method def self.close_tab(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  index = opts[:index]
  keyword = opts[:keyword]

  tabs_arr_hash = list_tabs(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  browser_ready_to_close = true if tabs_arr_hash.length == 1

  if browser_ready_to_close
    close(browser_obj: browser_obj)
    return [{ index: nil, title: nil, url: nil, state: :browser_closed }]
  elsif index.nil? && keyword.nil?
    index = browser_obj[:browser].driver.window_handle
    browser_obj[:browser].driver.switch_to.window(index)
    browser_obj[:browser].driver.close
    new_tab_index_arr = browser_obj[:browser].driver.window_handles
    if new_tab_index_arr.any?
      new_tab_index = new_tab_index_arr.last
      browser_obj[:browser].driver.switch_to.window(new_tab_index)
    end
  elsif index
    browser_obj[:browser].driver.switch_to.window(index)
    browser_obj[:browser].driver.close
    new_tab_index_arr = browser_obj[:browser].driver.window_handles
    if new_tab_index_arr.any?
      new_tab_index = new_tab_index_arr.last
      browser_obj[:browser].driver.switch_to.window(new_tab_index)
    end
  else
    active_tab = tabs_arr_hash.find { |tab| tab[:state] == :active }
    if active_tab[:url].include?(keyword)
      inactive_tabs = tabs_arr_hash.reject { |tab| tab[:url] == browser_obj[:browser].url }
      if inactive_tabs.any?
        tab_to_activate = inactive_tabs.last[:url]
        jmp_tab(browser_obj: browser_obj, keyword: tab_to_activate)
      end
    end
    all_tabs = browser_obj[:browser].windows

    tabs_to_close = all_tabs.select { |tab| tab.title.include?(keyword) || tab.url.include?(keyword) }
    tabs_to_close.each(&:close)
  end

  list_tabs(browser_obj: browser_obj)
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.console(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

console_resp = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.console( browser_obj: browser_obj1, js: 'required - JavaScript expression to evaluate', return_to: 'optional - return to :console or :stdout (defaults to :console)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 496

public_class_method def self.console(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  js = opts[:js] ||= "alert('ACK from => #{self}')"
  return_to = opts[:return_to] ||= :console
  raise 'ERROR: return_to parameter must be :console or :stdout' unless %i[console stdout].include?(return_to.to_s.downcase.to_sym)

  case js
  when 'clear', 'clear;', 'clear()', 'clear();'
    script = 'console.clear()'
  when 'debugger', 'debugger;', 'debugger()', 'debugger();'
    script = 'debugger'
  else
    case return_to.to_s.downcase.to_sym
    when :stdout
      script = "return #{js}"
    when :console
      script = "console.log(#{js})"
    end
  end

  console_resp = nil
  begin
    Timeout.timeout(1) { console_resp = browser_obj[:browser].execute_script(script) }
  rescue Timeout::Error, Timeout::ExitException
    console_resp
  rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::JavascriptError
    script = js
    retry
  end

  console_resp
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.debugger(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.debugger( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)', action: 'optional - action to take :enable|:pause|:resume|:disable (Defaults to :enable)', )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1170

public_class_method def self.debugger(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  valid_actions = %i[enable pause resume disable]
  action = opts[:action] ||= :enable
  action = action.to_s.downcase.to_sym
  raise 'ERROR: action parameter must be :enable|:pause|:resume|:disable' unless valid_actions.include?(action)

  devtools = browser_obj[:devtools]
  debugger_state = devtools.instance_variable_get(:@debugger_state) || {}
  breakpoint_arr = debugger_state[:breakpoints] || []

  method = nil
  case action
  when :enable
    devtools.dom.enable
    devtools.log.disable
    devtools.network.disable
    devtools.page.disable
    devtools.runtime.disable

    method = 'Debugger.scriptParsed'
    callbacks_to_delete = devtools.callbacks.keys.reject { |k| k == 'Target.atta`chedToTarget' }
    # until devtools.callbacks.keys.include?(method) && breakpoint_arr.any?
    until breakpoint_arr.any?
      callbacks_to_delete.each { |method| devtools.callbacks.delete(method) }
      breakpoint_set = false
      # devtools.dom.disable
      devtools.debugger.disable
      devtools.debugger.on(:script_parsed) do |params|
        url = params['url']
        next if breakpoint_set || url.include?('devtools://') || url.empty?

        breakpoint_set = true
        puts url
        bcmd = 'Debugger.setBreakpoint'
        script_id = params['scriptId']
        line = params['startLine']
        column = params['startColumn']
        location = { scriptId: script_id, lineNumber: line, columnNumber: column }
        breakpoint = devtools.send_cmd(bcmd, location: location)
        breakpoint['result']['breakpointId'] = "#{bcmd}.#{script_id}.#{line}.#{column}.#{SecureRandom.uuid}"
        breakpoint['id'] = breakpoint['id'].to_s
        breakpoint['url'] = url
        breakpoint['caught'] = false
        breakpoint_arr.push(breakpoint)
        debugger_state[:breakpoints] = breakpoint_arr
        devtools.instance_variable_set(:@debugger_state, debugger_state)

        puts "Breakpoint set in #{url} at line #{line}, column #{column}: #{breakpoint}"
        puts params.inspect
      end
      devtools.debugger.enable
    end
    devtools.callbacks.delete(method)
    method = 'Debugger.enabled'
  when :pause
    method = 'Debugger.paused'
    callbacks_to_delete = devtools.callbacks.keys.reject { |k| k == 'Target.attachedToTarget' }
    Timeout.timeout(30) { browser_obj[:browser].refresh }
    until devtools.callbacks.keys.include?(method) && breakpoint_arr.any? { |bp| bp['caught'] == true }
      devtools.callbacks.delete(method)
      devtools.debugger.resume
      devtools.debugger.on(:paused) do |params|
        breakpoint_id_caught = params['callFrames'].first['location']['scriptId']
        breakpoint_arr.each_with_index do |bp, idx|
          next unless  bp['id'] == breakpoint_id_caught

          bp['caught'] = true
          breakpoint_arr[idx] = bp
          debugger_state[:breakpoints] = breakpoint_arr
          devtools.instance_variable_set(:@debugger_state, debugger_state)
        end
        # puts "TARGET BREAKPOINTS: #{breakpoint_arr.inspect}"
        # puts "PARAMS Observerd: #{params.inspect}"
        debugger_state = devtools.instance_variable_get(:@debugger_state)
        puts devtools.callbacks.inspect
        puts debugger_state.inspect
      end
      devtools.debugger.pause
      # browser_obj[:browser].refresh
      debugger_state = devtools.instance_variable_get(:@debugger_state)
      breakpoint_arr = debugger_state[:breakpoints]
    end
    devtools.callbacks.delete(method)
  when :resume
    method = 'Debugger.resumed'
    callbacks_to_delete = devtools.callbacks.keys.reject { |k| k == 'Target.attachedToTarget' }
    callbacks_to_delete.each { |method| devtools.callbacks.delete(method) }
    devtools.debugger.resume until devtools.callbacks.keys.include?(method)
  when :disable
    callbacks_to_delete = devtools.callbacks.keys.reject { |k| k == 'Target.attachedToTarget' }
    callbacks_to_delete.each { |method| devtools.callbacks.delete(method) }
    devtools.debugger.disable
    method = 'Debugger.disabled'
  end

  devtools
rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::WebDriverError => e
  puts e.message
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
ensure
  debugger_state[:method] = method
  devtools.instance_variable_set(:@debugger_state, debugger_state) if debugger_state.is_a?(Hash)
end

.devtools_websocket_messages(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

messages = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.devtools_websocket_messages( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1151

public_class_method def self.devtools_websocket_messages(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  devtools = browser_obj[:devtools]
  websocket = devtools.instance_variable_get(:@ws)
  websocket.instance_variable_get(:@messages)[nil]
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.dom(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

current_dom = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.dom( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 979

public_class_method def self.dom(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  dom_str = console(browser_obj: browser_obj, js: 'document.documentElement.outerHTML', return_to: :stdout)
  raise 'DOM capture failed: returned nil or empty string. Check DevTools connection.' if dom_str.nil? || dom_str.strip.empty?

  Nokogiri::HTML.parse(dom_str)
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.dump_links(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

browser_obj = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.dump_links( browser_obj: browser_obj1 )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 408

public_class_method def self.dump_links(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]

  dump_links_arr = []
  browser_obj[:browser].links.each do |link|
    link_hash = {}

    link_hash[:text] = link.text
    link_hash[:href] = link.href
    link_hash[:id] = link.id
    link_hash[:name] = link.name
    link_hash[:class_name] = link.class_name
    link_hash[:html] = link.html
    link_hash[:target] = link.target
    dump_links_arr.push(link_hash)

    yield link if block_given?
  end

  dump_links_arr
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.evidence!(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Capture screenshot, DOM snapshot, and HAR into the artifact store.



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1568

public_class_method def self.evidence!(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  label = (opts[:label] || 'capture').to_s.gsub(/[^\w.-]+/, '_')
  sid = (opts[:session_id] || 'web').to_s
  sid = 'web' if sid.empty?
  dir = File.join(Dir.home, '.pwn', 'artifacts', sid, 'web', label)
  FileUtils.mkdir_p(dir)
  shot = File.join(dir, 'screenshot.png')
  html_path = File.join(dir, 'dom.html')
  har_path = File.join(dir, 'har.json')
  png = png_bytes(opts)
  html = html_body(opts)
  har = har_document(opts)
  har_json = JSON.generate(har)
  File.binwrite(shot, png)
  File.write(html_path, html)
  File.write(har_path, har_json)
  shot_art = spill_web(bytes: png, session_id: sid)
  html_art = spill_web(bytes: html, session_id: sid)
  har_art = spill_web(bytes: har_json, session_id: sid)
  {
    screenshot: shot,
    dom: html_path,
    har: har_path,
    dir: dir,
    screenshot_handle: shot_art[:handle],
    dom_handle: html_art[:handle],
    har_handle: har_art[:handle],
    artifact_handles: [
      { handle: shot_art[:handle], kind: 'screenshot', label: 'screenshot', sha256: shot_art[:sha256], path: shot_art[:path] },
      { handle: html_art[:handle], kind: 'evidence', label: 'dom', sha256: html_art[:sha256], path: html_art[:path] },
      { handle: har_art[:handle], kind: 'evidence', label: 'har', sha256: har_art[:sha256], path: har_art[:path] }
    ]
  }
end

.find_elements_by_text(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

browser_obj = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.find_elements_by_text( browser_obj: browser_obj1, text: 'required - text to search for in the DOM' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 438

public_class_method def self.find_elements_by_text(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  text = opts[:text].to_s

  elements = browser_obj[:browser].elements
  elements_found_arr = []
  elements.each do |element|
    begin
      if element.text == text || element.value == text
        element_hash = {}
        element_hash[:tag_name] = element.tag_name
        element_hash[:html] = element.html
        elements_found_arr.push(element_hash)

        yield element if block_given?
      end
    rescue NoMethodError
      next
    end
  end

  elements_found_arr
rescue StandardError => e
  puts e.backtrace
  raise e
end

.get_page_state(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

page_state = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.get_page_state( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 998

public_class_method def self.get_page_state(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  js = <<~JS.strip
    (function() {
      try {
        let ls = {};
        for (let i = 0; i < localStorage.length; i++) {
          let key = localStorage.key(i);
          ls[key] = localStorage.getItem(key);
        }
        let ss = {};
        for (let i = 0; i < sessionStorage.length; i++) {
          let key = sessionStorage.key(i);
          ss[key] = sessionStorage.getItem(key);
        }

        let scripts = Array.from(document.scripts).map(s => ({
          src: s.src,
          innerHTML: s.innerHTML
        })).filter(s => s.src || s.innerHTML);

        let stylesheets = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('link[rel="stylesheet"]')).map(l => l.href).filter(h => h);

        let inline_styles = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('style')).map(s => s.innerHTML).filter(c => c);

        let forms = Array.from(document.forms).map(f => ({
          action: f.action,
          method: f.method,
          elements: Array.from(f.elements).map(e => ({
            name: e.name,
            type: e.type,
            value: e.value
          }))
        }));

        let iframes = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('iframe')).map(i => i.src).filter(s => s);

        let csp_meta = document.querySelector('meta[http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy"]');
        let csp = csp_meta ? csp_meta.content : null;

        let feature_policy = [];
        if (document.featurePolicy) {
          feature_policy = document.featurePolicy.allowedFeatures().sort();
        }

        let is_framed = false;
        try {
          if (window.top !== window.self) {
            is_framed = true;
          }
        } catch (e) {
          is_framed = true;
        }

        let resources = window.performance.getEntriesByType('resource').map(e => ({
          name: e.name,
          initiatorType: e.initiatorType
        }));

        // Enhanced globals capture with values
        let globals = {};
        let propNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(window).sort();
        const safeStringify = (value, depth = 0) => {
          if (depth > 5) return '[Max depth exceeded]'; // Prevent deep recursion
          try {
            return JSON.stringify(value, (key, val) => {
              if (typeof val === 'function') {
                return val.toString(); // Capture function source
              } else if (typeof val === 'symbol') {
                return val.toString();
              } else if (val === window) {
                return '[Window reference]'; // Avoid circularity
              } else if (val && typeof val === 'object') {
                if (depth > 5) return '[Object (depth limit)]';
                return val; // Let JSON handle, recurse with depth
              }
              return val;
            });
          } catch (e) {
            return '[Stringify error: ' + e.message + ']';
          }
        };

        for (let name of propNames) {
          try {
            let value = window[name];
            globals[name] = safeStringify(value);
          } catch (e) {
            globals[name] = '[Access error: ' + e.message + ']';
          }
        }

        return JSON.stringify({
          cookies: document.cookie,
          localStorage: ls,
          sessionStorage: ss,
          globals: globals,  // Now an object with name: stringified_value
          scripts: scripts,
          stylesheets: stylesheets,
          inline_styles: inline_styles,
          stack: new Error().stack,
          location: {
            href: location.href,
            origin: location.origin,
            pathname: location.pathname,
            search: location.search,
            hash: location.hash
          },
          referrer: document.referrer,
          userAgent: navigator.userAgent,
          html_snapshot: document.documentElement.outerHTML,
          forms: forms,
          iframes: iframes,
          csp: csp,
          feature_policy: feature_policy,
          is_framed: is_framed,
          has_service_worker: 'serviceWorker' in navigator,
          resources: resources
        });
      } catch (e) {
        return JSON.stringify({
          error: e.message,
          stack: e.stack
        });
      }
    })()
  JS

  browser_obj[:devtools].send_cmd('Console.clearMessages')
  browser_obj[:devtools].send_cmd('Log.clear')
  console_events = []
  browser_obj[:browser].driver.on_log_event(:console) { |event| console_events.push(event) }

  # page_state = console(browser_obj: browser_obj, js: js, return_to: :stdout)
  console_cmd = { expression: js }
  runtime_resp = browser_obj[:devtools].send_cmd('Runtime.evaluate', **console_cmd)
  page_state = runtime_resp['result']['result']['value']
  JSON.parse(page_state, symbolize_names: true)
rescue JSON::ParserError => e
  raise "Failed to parse state JSON: #{e.message}. Raw output: #{state_json.inspect}"
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.get_targets(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

page_state_arr = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.get_targets( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1285

public_class_method def self.get_targets(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  supported = %i[chrome headless_chrome]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj, supported: supported)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  devtools = browser_obj[:devtools]
  bcmd = 'Target.getTargets'
  devtools.send_cmd(bcmd)
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.goto(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Navigate a page and optionally record screenshot, DOM, HAR, and a finding.



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1605

public_class_method def self.goto(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  url = (opts[:url] || opts[:uri]).to_s
  browser = browser_handle(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  browser.goto(url) if browser.respond_to?(:goto) && !url.empty?
  url = browser.url.to_s if url.empty? && browser.respond_to?(:url)
  finding_opts = opts[:finding]
  finding_opts = finding_opts.transform_keys(&:to_sym) if finding_opts.is_a?(Hash)
  title = (opts[:title] || (finding_opts.is_a?(Hash) ? finding_opts[:title] : nil)).to_s
  capture = opts[:capture]
  capture = true if capture.nil? && !title.empty?
  capture = [true, 'true', 1, '1'].include?(capture)
  pack = nil
  if capture
    pack = evidence!(
      browser_obj: browser_obj,
      url: url,
      label: opts[:label],
      session_id: opts[:session_id],
      screenshot: opts[:screenshot],
      html: opts[:html],
      dom: opts[:dom],
      har: opts[:har],
      har_json: opts[:har_json],
      entries: opts[:entries]
    )
  end
  finding = nil
  unless title.empty?
    finding = persist_web_finding(
      title: title,
      url: url,
      severity: opts[:severity] || (finding_opts.is_a?(Hash) ? finding_opts[:severity] : nil),
      session_id: opts[:session_id],
      engagement_id: opts[:engagement_id],
      capture_pack: pack,
      browser_obj: browser_obj,
      screenshot: opts[:screenshot],
      html: opts[:html],
      har: opts[:har]
    )
  end
  { url: url, evidence: pack, finding: finding }
end

.har_export(opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1664

public_class_method def self.har_export(opts = {})
  sid = (opts[:session_id] || 'default').to_s
  entries = Array(opts[:entries] || @intercepted)
  har = { log: { version: '1.2', creator: { name: 'PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser', version: '1' }, entries: entries } }
  stored = PWN::Plugins::ArtifactRegistry.put(bytes: JSON.generate(har), kind: 'har', session_id: sid, tags: ['http'])
  stored.merge(har: har)
end

.help ⇒ Object

Display Usage for this Module



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1809

public_class_method def self.help
  puts "USAGE:
    # Open a session or connection and return a handle.
    #{self}.open(
      browser_type: 'optional - :firefox|:chrome|:headless|:rest|:websocket (defaults to :chrome)',
      proxy: 'optional - scheme://proxy_host:port || tor (defaults to nil)',
      capture_proxy: 'optional - MitmProxy.start descriptor; caller owns stop lifecycle',
      devtools: 'optional - boolean (defaults to false)'
    )

    # Run dump links and return its result
    #{self}.dump_links(
      browser_obj: 'optional - browser object returned from #open'
    )

    # Run find elements by text and return its result
    #{self}.find_elements_by_text(
      browser_obj: 'optional - browser object returned from #open',
      text: 'required - text to search for in the DOM'
    )

    # Run type as human and return its result
    #{self}.type_as_human(
      string: 'required - string to type as human',
      rand_sleep_float: 'optional - float timing in between keypress (defaults to 0.09)'
    )

    # Run console and return its result
    #{self}.console(
      browser_obj: 'optional - browser object returned from #open',
      js: 'required - JavaScript expression to evaluate',
      return_to: 'optional - return to :console or :stdout (defaults to :console)'
    )

    # Run view dom mutations and return its result
    #{self}.view_dom_mutations(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method',
      index: 'optional - index of tab to switch to (defaults to active tab)',
      target: 'optional - target JavaScript node to observe (defaults to document.body)',
      observe_clobbering: 'optional - boolean to enable DOM Clobbering detection (defaults to true)',
      observe_redirects: 'optional - boolean to enable Insecure Redirect detection (defaults to true)',
      observe_resources: 'optional - boolean to enable resource load monitoring (defaults to true)'
    )

    # Run hide dom mutations and return its result
    #{self}.hide_dom_mutations(
      browser_obj: 'optional - browser object returned from #open',
      index: 'optional - index of tab to switch to (defaults to active tab)'
    )

    # Run update about config and return its result
    #{self}.update_about_config(
      browser_obj: 'optional - browser object returned from #open',
      key: 'required - key to update in about:config',
      value: 'required - value to set for key in about:config'
    )

    # Run list tabs and return its result
    #{self}.list_tabs(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)'
    )

    # Run jmp tab and return its result
    #{self}.jmp_tab(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)',
      index: 'optional - index of tab to switch to (defaults to switching to next tab)',
      keyword: 'optional - keyword in title or url used to switch tabs (defaults to switching to next tab)'
    )

    # Run new tab and return its result
    #{self}.new_tab(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)',
      url: 'optional - URL to open in new tab'
    )

    # Run close tab and return its result
    #{self}.close_tab(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)',
      index: 'optional - index of tab to close (defaults to closing active tab)',
      keyword: 'optional - keyword in title or url used to close tabs (defaults to closing active tab)'
    )

    # Run dom and return its result
    #{self}.dom(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)'
    )

    # Run get page state and return its result
    #{self}.get_page_state(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)'
    )

    # Run devtools websocket messages and return its result
    #{self}.devtools_websocket_messages(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)'
    )

    # Run debugger and return its result
    #{self}.debugger(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)',
      action: 'optional - action to take :enable|:pause|:resume|:disable (Defaults to :enable)'
    )

    # Run get targets and return its result
    #{self}.get_targets(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)'
    )

    # Run breakpoint locations and return its result
    #{self}.breakpoint_locations(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)'
    )

    # Run step and return its result
    #{self}.step(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)',
      action: 'optional - action to take :into|:out|:over (Defaults to :into)',
      steps: 'optional - number of steps taken (Defaults to 1)'
    )

    # Run toggle devtools and return its result
    #{self}.toggle_devtools(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)'
    )

    # Run jmp devtools panel and return its result
    #{self}.jmp_devtools_panel(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)',
      panel: 'optional - panel to switch to :elements|:inspector|:console|:debugger|:sources|:network'
    )

    # Close a session previously returned by #open.
    #{self}.close(
      browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)'
    )

    # Save screenshot.png, dom.html, and har.json under ~/.pwn/artifacts.
    #{self}.evidence!(
      browser_obj: 'optional - browser_obj returned from open; omit when html or har fixtures are supplied',
      label: 'optional - folder name for this capture (defaults to capture)',
      session_id: 'optional - artifacts session folder (defaults to web)',
      screenshot: 'optional - PNG path used when no live screenshot is available',
      html: 'optional - DOM HTML string or file used when no live browser is available',
      dom: 'optional - alias for html',
      har: 'optional - HAR JSON string, Hash, or file used when no live capture is available',
      har_json: 'optional - alias for har',
      entries: 'optional - Array of HAR entries used when har is omitted',
      url: 'optional - navigated URL embedded into a synthetic HAR entry'
    )

    # Enable CDP Fetch interception (Burp-like hook without Burp).
    #{self}.intercept(
      browser_obj: 'optional - browser_obj returned from #open',
      patterns: 'optional - Array of URL patterns (defaults to *)',
      urls: 'optional - alias for patterns'
    )

    # Export intercepted traffic as HAR into the artifact store.
    #{self}.har_export(
      session_id: 'optional - pwn-ai session id',
      entries: 'optional - Array of HAR entries (defaults to intercepted buffer)'
    )

    # Replay an HTTP request with optional mutations (Repeater-class).
    #{self}.replay(
      request: 'required - Hash or JSON of method/url/headers/body',
      req: 'optional - alias for request',
      mutations: 'optional - Hash of url/method/headers/body overlays'
    )

    # Navigate then optionally capture screenshot, DOM, and HAR; record a finding when title is set.
    #{self}.goto(
      browser_obj: 'optional - browser_obj returned from open; omit when html or har fixtures are supplied',
      url: 'optional - HTTP(S) URL to open; required unless uri is set',
      uri: 'optional - alias for url',
      capture: 'optional - true spills screenshot DOM HAR (defaults true when title is set)',
      title: 'optional - finding title; records pixel and HAR proof without a second call',
      finding: 'optional - Hash with title and severity overlay for the recorded finding',
      severity: 'optional - finding severity string (defaults to info)',
      session_id: 'optional - artifact session id (defaults to web)',
      engagement_id: 'optional - findings engagement id',
      label: 'optional - capture folder name under the session web dir',
      screenshot: 'optional - PNG path used when no live screenshot is available',
      html: 'optional - DOM HTML string or file used when no live browser is available',
      dom: 'optional - alias for html',
      har: 'optional - HAR JSON string, Hash, or file used when no live capture is available',
      har_json: 'optional - alias for har',
      entries: 'optional - Array of HAR entries used when har is omitted'
    )

    # Print the AUTHOR(S) string for this module.
    #{self}.authors
  "
  constants.sort
end

.hide_dom_mutations(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

console_resp = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.hide_dom_mutations( browser_obj: browser_obj1, index: 'optional - index of tab to switch to (defaults to active tab)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 720

public_class_method def self.hide_dom_mutations(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  index = opts[:index]
  jmp_tab(browser_obj: browser_obj, index: index) if index

  jmp_devtools_panel(
    browser_obj: browser_obj,
    panel: :console
  )

  js = <<~JAVASCRIPT
    if (typeof hide_dom_mutations === 'function') {
      hide_dom_mutations();
      console.log('DOM mutation observer and event listeners disabled.');
    } else {
      console.log('Error: hide_dom_mutations function not found. DOM mutation observer was not active.');
    }
  JAVASCRIPT

  console(browser_obj: browser_obj, js: 'clear();')
  browser_obj[:browser].execute_script(js)
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.intercept(opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1650

public_class_method def self.intercept(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  patterns = Array(opts[:patterns] || opts[:urls] || ['*'])
  @intercepted ||= []
  begin
    browser = browser_obj.is_a?(Hash) ? browser_obj[:browser] : browser_obj
    drv = browser.respond_to?(:driver) ? browser.driver : nil
    drv.devtools.fetch.enable(patterns: patterns.map { |p| { urlPattern: p.to_s } }) if drv.respond_to?(:devtools)
  rescue StandardError
    nil
  end
  { enabled: true, patterns: patterns, hook: 'Fetch.enable', buffer: @intercepted }
end

.jmp_devtools_panel(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.jmp_devtools_panel( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)', panel: 'optional - panel to switch to :elements|:inspector|:console|:debugger|:sources|:network )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1492

public_class_method def self.jmp_devtools_panel(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  panel = opts[:panel] ||= :elements
  browser = browser_obj[:browser]
  browser_type = browser_obj[:type]
  firefox_types = %i[firefox headless_firefox]
  chrome_types = %i[chrome headless_chrome]

  # TODO: Find replacement for hotkey - there must be a better way.
  hotkey = []
  case PWN::Plugins::DetectOS.type
  when :linux, :openbsd, :windows
    hotkey = %i[control shift]
  when :macos
    hotkey = %i[command option]
  end

  case panel
  when :elements, :inspector
    hotkey.push('i') if chrome_types.include?(browser_type)
    hotkey.push('c') if firefox_types.include?(browser_type)
  when :console
    hotkey.push('j') if chrome_types.include?(browser_type)
    hotkey.push('k') if firefox_types.include?(browser_type)
  when :debugger, :sources
    hotkey.push('s') if chrome_types.include?(browser_type)
    if firefox_types.include?(browser_type)
      # If we're in the console, we need to switch to the inspector first
      jmp_devtools_panel(browser_obj: browser_obj, panel: :inspector)
      sleep 1
      hotkey.push('z')
    end
  when :network
    hotkey.push('e') if firefox_types.include?(browser_type)
  else
    raise 'ERROR: panel parameter must be :elements|:inspector|:console|:debugger|:sources|:network'
  end

  browser_obj[:browser].send_keys(:escape)

  # Have to call twice for Chrome, otherwise devtools stays closed
  browser_obj[:browser].send_keys(hotkey)
  # browser.send_keys(hotkey) if chrome_types.include?(browser_type)
  browser.send_keys(:escape)
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.jmp_tab(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

tab = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.jmp_tab( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)', index: 'optional - index of tab to switch to (defaults to switching to next tab)', keyword: 'optional - keyword in title or url used to switch tabs (defaults to switching to next tab)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 834

public_class_method def self.jmp_tab(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  index = opts[:index]
  keyword = opts[:keyword]

  tabs_arr_hash = list_tabs(browser_obj: browser_obj)

  if index.nil? && keyword.nil?
    # If no keyword is provided, switch to the next tab in the list
    active_tab_index = tabs_arr_hash.find_index { |tab| tab[:state] == :active }
    next_tab_index = (active_tab_index + 1) % tabs_arr_hash.size
    # Find value of :index key from tabs_arr_hash
    tab_sel = tabs_arr_hash[next_tab_index]
  elsif index
    tab_sel = tabs_arr_hash.find { |tab| tab[:index] == index }
  else
    tab_sel = tabs_arr_hash.find { |tab| tab[:title].include?(keyword) || tab[:url].include?(keyword) }
  end

  if tab_sel.is_a?(Hash) && tab_sel[:index]
    index = tab_sel[:index]
    browser_obj[:browser].driver.switch_to.window(index)
  else
    tab_sel = { index: index, error: 'not found' }
  end

  tab_sel
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.list_tabs(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

tabs = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.list_tabs( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 788

public_class_method def self.list_tabs(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  current_window_handle = browser_obj[:browser].driver.window_handle

  tabs_arr_hash = []
  browser_obj[:browser].driver.window_handles.each do |window_handle|
    # Skip DevTools tabs
    browser_obj[:browser].driver.switch_to.window(window_handle)
    title = browser_obj[:browser].execute_script('return document.title')
    url = browser_obj[:browser].execute_script('return document.location.href')
    next if url.include?('devtools://')

    # Get title and URL without switching tabs

    state = window_handle == current_window_handle ? :active : :inactive

    tabs_arr_hash << { index: window_handle, title: title, url: url, state: state }
  ensure
    # Ensure we return to the original active tab
    browser_obj[:browser].driver.switch_to.window(current_window_handle)
  end

  # Ensure we have a visible tab that's active
  active_tab = tabs_arr_hash.find { |tab| tab[:state] == :active } || tabs_arr_hash.first
  # Switch to the active tab if it exists
  browser_obj[:browser].driver.switch_to.window(active_tab[:index]) if active_tab

  tabs_arr_hash
rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::NoSuchWindowError => e
  puts "Error: No valid window handles available (#{e.message})"
  [] # Return empty array if no tabs are available
rescue StandardError => e
  raise "Failed to list tabs: #{e.message}"
end

.new_tab(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

tab = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.new_tab( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)', url: 'optional - URL to open in new tab' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 875

public_class_method def self.new_tab(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  url = opts[:url]
  chrome_types = %i[chrome headless_chrome]
  firefox_types = %i[firefox headless_firefox]

  browser_type = browser_obj[:type]

  if url.nil? || url.empty?
    url = 'about:about' if firefox_types.include?(browser_type)
    url = 'chrome://chrome-urls/' if chrome_types.include?(browser_type)
  end

  # Open a new tab
  console(
    browser_obj: browser_obj,
    js: "window.open('#{url}', '_blank')",
    return_to: :stdout
  )

  # tabs_arr_hash = list_tabs(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  # new_tab_index = tabs_arr_hash.find { |tab| tab[:state] == :inactive && tab[:url] == url }[:index]
  # jmp_tab(browser_obj: browser_obj, index: new_tab_index)
  jmp_tab(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  new_tab_index = browser_obj[:browser].driver.window_handles.last

  rand_tab = SecureRandom.hex(8)
  browser_obj[:browser].execute_script("document.title = 'about:about-#{rand_tab}'")
  toggle_devtools(browser_obj: browser_obj) if browser_obj[:devtools]

  { index: new_tab_index, title: browser_obj[:browser].title, url: browser_obj[:browser].url, state: :active }
rescue StandardError => e
  puts e.backtrace
  raise e
end

.open(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

browser_obj1 = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.open( browser_type: 'optional - :firefox|:chrome|:headless|:rest|:websocket (defaults to :chrome)', proxy: 'optional - scheme://proxy_host:port || tor (defaults to nil)', devtools: 'optional - boolean (defaults to false)', )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 67

public_class_method def self.open(opts = {})
  browser_type = opts[:browser_type] ||= :chrome
  proxy = opts[:proxy].to_s unless opts[:proxy].nil?
  capture_proxy = opts[:capture_proxy]
  if capture_proxy
    raise ArgumentError, 'capture_proxy requires a MitmProxy.start descriptor' unless capture_proxy.is_a?(Hash) && capture_proxy[:url]
    raise ArgumentError, 'proxy and capture_proxy are mutually exclusive' if proxy

    proxy = capture_proxy[:url]
  end

  browser_obj = {}
  browser_obj[:capture_proxy] = capture_proxy if capture_proxy
  browser_obj[:type] = browser_type

  tor_obj = nil
  if opts[:proxy] == 'tor'
    tor_obj = PWN::Plugins::Tor.start
    proxy = "socks5://#{tor_obj[:ip]}:#{tor_obj[:port]}"
    browser_obj[:tor_obj] = tor_obj
  end

  devtools_supported = %i[chrome headless_chrome firefox headless_firefox headless]
  devtools = opts[:devtools] ||= false
  devtools = true if devtools_supported.include?(browser_type) && devtools

  # Element waits (Watir) vs navigation (Selenium page_load) are
  # separate. 900s element waits made Wix browser.links.map hang for
  # hours. Keep navigation bounded too.
  Watir.default_timeout = 15 unless %i[rest websocket].include?(browser_type)

  args = []
  # args.push('--start-maximized')
  args.push('--disable-notifications')

  unless browser_type == :rest
    logger = Selenium::WebDriver.logger
    logger.level = :error
  end

  case browser_type
  when :firefox
    this_profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Profile.new

    # Increase Web Assembly Verbosity
    this_profile['javascript.options.wasm_verbose'] = true

    # Downloads reside in ~/Downloads
    this_profile['browser.download.folderList'] = 1
    this_profile['browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk'] = 'application/pdf'

    # disable Firefox's built-in PDF viewer
    this_profile['pdfjs.disabled'] = true

    # disable Adobe Acrobat PDF preview plugin
    this_profile['plugin.scan.plid.all'] = false
    this_profile['plugin.scan.Acrobat'] = '99.0'

    # ensure localhost proxy capabilities are enabled
    this_profile['network.proxy.no_proxies_on'] = ''

    # allow scripts to run a bit longer
    # this_profile['dom.max_chrome_script_run_time'] = 180
    # this_profile['dom.max_script_run_time'] = 180

    # disable browser cache
    this_profile['browser.cache.disk.enable'] = false
    this_profile['browser.cache.disk_cache_ssl.enable'] = false
    this_profile['browser.cache.memory.enable'] = false
    this_profile['browser.cache.offline.enable'] = false
    this_profile['devtools.cache.disabled'] = true
    this_profile['dom.caches.enabled'] = false

    if devtools
      # args.push('--start-debugger-server')
      # this_profile['devtools.debugger.remote-enabled'] = true
      # this_profile['devtools.debugger.remote-host'] = 'localhost'
      # this_profile['devtools.debugger.remote-port'] = 6000

      # DevTools ToolBox Settings in Firefox about:config
      this_profile['devtools.f12.enabled'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.toolbox.host'] = 'right'
      this_profile['devtools.toolbox.selectedTool'] = 'jsdebugger'
      this_profile['devtools.toolbox.sidebar.width'] = 1700
      this_profile['devtools.toolbox.splitconsoleHeight'] = 200

      # DevTools Debugger Settings in Firefox about:config
      this_profile['devtools.chrome.enabled'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.start-panel-size'] = 200
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.end-panel-size'] = 200
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.auto-pretty-print'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.ui.editor-wrapping'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.features.javascript-tracing'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.xhr-breakpoints-visible'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.expressions-visible'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.dom-mutation-breakpoints-visible'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.features.async-live-stacks'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.features.autocomplete-expressions'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.features.code-folding'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.features.command-click'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.features.component-pane'] = true
      this_profile['devtools.debugger.map-scopes-enabled'] = true

      # Never optimize out variables in the debugger
      this_profile['javascript.options.baselinejit'] = false
      this_profile['javascript.options.ion'] = false
    end

    # caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.firefox
    # caps[:acceptInsecureCerts] = true

    if proxy
      this_profile['network.proxy.type'] = 1
      this_profile['network.proxy.allow_hijacking_localhost'] = true
      if tor_obj
        this_profile['network.proxy.socks_version'] = 5
        this_profile['network.proxy.socks'] = tor_obj[:ip]
        this_profile['network.proxy.socks_port'] = tor_obj[:port]
      else
        this_profile['network.proxy.ftp'] = URI(proxy).host
        this_profile['network.proxy.ftp_port'] = URI(proxy).port
        this_profile['network.proxy.http'] = URI(proxy).host
        this_profile['network.proxy.http_port'] = URI(proxy).port
        this_profile['network.proxy.ssl'] = URI(proxy).host
        this_profile['network.proxy.ssl_port'] = URI(proxy).port
      end
    end

    # Private browsing mode
    args.push('--private')
    options = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Options.new(
      args: args,
      accept_insecure_certs: true
    )

    # This is required for BiDi support
    options.web_socket_url = true
    options.add_preference('remote.active-protocols', 3)
    options.profile = this_profile
    driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:firefox, options: options)
    browser_obj[:browser] = Watir::Browser.new(driver)

  when :chrome
    this_profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Profile.new
    this_profile['download.prompt_for_download'] = false
    this_profile['download.default_directory'] = '~/Downloads'

    if proxy
      args.push("--host-resolver-rules='MAP * 0.0.0.0 , EXCLUDE #{tor_obj[:ip]}'") if tor_obj
      args.push("--proxy-server=#{proxy}")
      args.push('--proxy-bypass-list=<-loopback>') if capture_proxy
    end

    # Incognito browsing mode
    args.push('--incognito')
    options = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new(
      args: args,
      accept_insecure_certs: true
    )

    if devtools
      args.push('--auto-open-devtools-for-tabs')
      args.push('--disable-hang-monitor')
      options.add_preference('devtools.preferences.enable-ignore-listing', false)
      options.add_preference('devtools.preferences.default-indentation', '2 spaces')
    end

    # This is required for BiDi support
    options.web_socket_url = true
    options.add_preference('remote.active-protocols', 3)
    options.profile = this_profile
    driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:chrome, options: options)
    browser_obj[:browser] = Watir::Browser.new(driver)

  when :headless, :headless_firefox
    this_profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Profile.new

    # Increase Web Assembly Verbosity
    this_profile['javascript.options.wasm_verbose'] = true

    # Downloads reside in ~/Downloads
    this_profile['browser.download.folderList'] = 1
    this_profile['browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk'] = 'application/pdf'

    # disable Firefox's built-in PDF viewer
    this_profile['pdfjs.disabled'] = true

    # disable Adobe Acrobat PDF preview plugin
    this_profile['plugin.scan.plid.all'] = false
    this_profile['plugin.scan.Acrobat'] = '99.0'

    # ensure localhost proxy capabilities are enabled
    this_profile['network.proxy.no_proxies_on'] = ''

    # allow scripts to run a bit longer
    # this_profile['dom.max_chrome_script_run_time'] = 180
    # this_profile['dom.max_script_run_time'] = 180

    # disable browser cache
    this_profile['browser.cache.disk.enable'] = false
    this_profile['browser.cache.disk_cache_ssl.enable'] = false
    this_profile['browser.cache.memory.enable'] = false
    this_profile['browser.cache.offline.enable'] = false
    this_profile['devtools.cache.disabled'] = true
    this_profile['dom.caches.enabled'] = false

    if proxy
      this_profile['network.proxy.type'] = 1
      this_profile['network.proxy.allow_hijacking_localhost'] = true
      if tor_obj
        this_profile['network.proxy.socks_version'] = 5
        this_profile['network.proxy.socks'] = tor_obj[:ip]
        this_profile['network.proxy.socks_port'] = tor_obj[:port]
      else
        this_profile['network.proxy.ftp'] = URI(proxy).host
        this_profile['network.proxy.ftp_port'] = URI(proxy).port
        this_profile['network.proxy.http'] = URI(proxy).host
        this_profile['network.proxy.http_port'] = URI(proxy).port
        this_profile['network.proxy.ssl'] = URI(proxy).host
        this_profile['network.proxy.ssl_port'] = URI(proxy).port
      end
    end

    args.push('--headless')
    # Private browsing mode
    args.push('--private')
    options = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Options.new(
      args: args,
      accept_insecure_certs: true
    )

    # This is required for BiDi support
    options.web_socket_url = true
    options.add_preference('remote.active-protocols', 3)
    options.profile = this_profile
    driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:firefox, options: options)
    browser_obj[:browser] = Watir::Browser.new(driver)

  when :headless_chrome
    this_profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Profile.new
    this_profile['download.prompt_for_download'] = false
    this_profile['download.default_directory'] = '~/Downloads'

    if proxy
      args.push("--host-resolver-rules='MAP * 0.0.0.0 , EXCLUDE #{tor_obj[:ip]}'") if tor_obj
      args.push("--proxy-server=#{proxy}")
      args.push('--proxy-bypass-list=<-loopback>') if capture_proxy
    end

    args.push('--headless')
    # Incognito browsing mode
    args.push('--incognito')
    options = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new(
      args: args,
      accept_insecure_certs: true
    )

    # This is required for BiDi support
    options.web_socket_url = true
    options.add_preference('remote.active-protocols', 3)
    options.profile = this_profile
    driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:chrome, options: options)
    browser_obj[:browser] = Watir::Browser.new(driver)

  when :rest
    browser_obj[:browser] = RestClient
    if proxy
      if tor_obj
        TCPSocket.socks_server = tor_obj[:ip]
        TCPSocket.socks_port = tor_obj[:port]
      else
        browser_obj[:browser].proxy = proxy
      end
    end

  when :websocket
    if proxy
      if tor_obj
        TCPSocket.socks_server = tor_obj[:ip]
        TCPSocket.socks_port = tor_obj[:port]
      end
      proxy_opts = { origin: proxy }
      tls_opts = { verify_peer: false }
      browser_obj[:browser] = Faye::WebSocket::Client.new(
        '',
        [],
        {
          tls: tls_opts,
          proxy: proxy_opts
        }
      )
    else
      browser_obj[:browser] = Faye::WebSocket::Client.new('')
    end
  else
    puts 'Error: browser_type only supports :firefox, :chrome, :headless, :headless_chrome, :headless_firefox, :rest, :websocket'
    return nil
  end

  if devtools && devtools_supported.include?(browser_type)
    chrome_types = %i[chrome headless_chrome]
    firefox_types = %i[firefox headless_firefox]

    # Switch to the last opened window which should be the active tab
    # if it doesn't work, try the first window handle.  In chrome they
    # get reversed sometimes ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
    target_window_handle = browser_obj[:browser].driver.window_handles.last
    begin
      browser_obj[:browser].driver.switch_to.window(target_window_handle)

      url = 'about:about'
      url = 'chrome://chrome-urls' if chrome_types.include?(browser_type)
      browser_obj[:browser].goto(url)
    rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::WebDriverError
      target_window_handle = browser_obj[:browser].driver.window_handles.first
      retry
    end

    rand_tab = SecureRandom.hex(8)
    browser_obj[:browser].execute_script("document.title = 'about:about-#{rand_tab}'")

    browser_obj[:browser].driver.manage.window.maximize
    toggle_devtools(browser_obj: browser_obj)

    browser_obj[:bidi] = browser_obj[:browser].driver.bidi
    browser_obj[:devtools] = browser_obj[:browser].driver.devtools if chrome_types.include?(browser_type)
    browser_obj[:devtools] = browser_obj[:browser].driver.bidi if firefox_types.include?(browser_type)
  end

  apply_driver_timeouts!(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  browser_obj
rescue StandardError => e
  puts e.backtrace
  raise e
end

.replay(opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1672

public_class_method def self.replay(opts = {})
  req = opts[:request] || opts[:req] || {}
  req = JSON.parse(req, symbolize_names: true) if req.is_a?(String) && req.strip.start_with?('{')
  mutations = opts[:mutations] || {}
  url = (mutations[:url] || req[:url] || req['url']).to_s
  method = (mutations[:method] || req[:method] || req['method'] || 'GET').to_s
  headers = (req[:headers] || req['headers'] || {}).merge(mutations[:headers] || {})
  body = mutations[:body] || req[:body] || req['body']
  raise 'ERROR: request url is required' if url.empty?

  require 'net/http'
  uri = URI.parse(url)
  klass = Net::HTTP.const_get(method.capitalize)
  http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
  http.use_ssl = uri.scheme == 'https'
  r = klass.new(uri.request_uri)
  headers.each { |k, v| r[k.to_s] = v.to_s }
  r.body = body.to_s if body
  resp = http.request(r)
  { status: resp.code.to_i, headers: resp.to_hash, body: resp.body.to_s[0, 65_536], url: url, method: method }
end

.step(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

page_state_arr = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.step( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)', action: 'optional - action to take :into|:out|:over (Defaults to :into)', steps: 'optional - number of steps taken (Defaults to 1)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1339

public_class_method def self.step(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  supported = %i[chrome headless_chrome]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj, supported: supported)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  valid_actions = %i[into out over]
  action = opts[:action] ||= :into
  action = action.to_s.downcase.to_sym
  raise 'ERROR: action parameter must be :into|:out|:over' unless valid_actions.include?(action)

  steps = opts[:steps].to_i
  steps = 1 if steps.zero? || steps.negative?

  devtools = browser_obj[:devtools]
  ws_msg = devtools_websocket_messages(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  method = ws_msg['method']

  debugger_state = devtools.instance_variable_get(:@debugger_state)
  debugger_state[:method] = method
  devtools.instance_variable_set(:@debugger_state, debugger_state)

  valid_methods = %w[Debugger.scriptParsed Debugger.paused Debugger.resumed]
  devtools = browser_obj[:devtools]
  ws_msg = devtools_websocket_messages(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  method = ws_msg['method']
  raise "ERROR: Unsupported method: #{method}" unless valid_methods.include?(method)

  steps_arr = []
  cursor_termination_chars = %w[; , . ( ) { } = |]
  steps.times do |s|
    step_num = s + 1
    puts "Stepping #{action} (step #{step_num}/#{steps})..."

    method = 'Debugger.resumed'
    case action
    when :into
      devtools.debugger.step_into until devtools.callbacks.keys.include?(method)
    when :out
      devtools.debugger.step_out until devtools.callbacks.keys.include?(method)
    when :over
      devtools.debugger.step_over until devtools.callbacks.keys.include?(method)
    end
    devtools.callbacks.delete(method)

    method = 'Debugger.paused'
    devtools.debugger.pause until devtools.callbacks.keys.include?(method)
    devtools.callbacks.delete(method)

    ws_msg = devtools_websocket_messages(browser_obj: browser_obj)
    ws_msg_params = ws_msg['params']
    ws_msg_call_frames = ws_msg_params['callFrames'].first
    ws_msg_scope_chain_local = ws_msg_call_frames['scopeChain'].find { |scope| scope['type'] == 'local' }
    next unless ws_msg_scope_chain_local.is_a?(Hash)

    ws_msg_scope_chain_block = ws_msg_call_frames['scopeChain'].find { |scope| scope['type'] == 'block' }

    cursor_location = ws_msg_call_frames['location']
    cursor_line_num = cursor_location['lineNumber']
    cursor_column_num = cursor_location['columnNumber']

    script_id = cursor_location['scriptId']

    start_location = ws_msg_scope_chain_local['startLocation']
    start_line_num = start_location['lineNumber']
    start_column_num = start_location['columnNumber']

    end_location = ws_msg_scope_chain_local['endLocation']
    # end_location_block = ws_msg_scope_chain_block['endLocation']
    # puts "TEST: #{end_location - end_location_block}"
    end_line_num = end_location['lineNumber']
    end_column_num = end_location['columnNumber']

    source_obj = devtools.debugger.get_script_source(script_id: script_id)
    full_source_code = source_obj['result']['scriptSource']

    source_lines = full_source_code.split("\n")
    # puts source_lines.inspect
    source_lines_range = source_lines[start_line_num..end_line_num]
    next if source_lines_range.nil?

    source_lines_str = source_lines_range.join("\n")
    source_to_review = source_lines_str[start_column_num..end_column_num]
    current_step = source_lines_str[cursor_column_num..end_column_num]

    # TODO: leverage ANSI escape codes to highlight current_step to red
    # puts ws_msg.inspect
    # puts "\n"
    # puts ws_msg_call_frames['scopeChain'].inspect
    # puts "\n"
    cursor_terminated = false
    source_to_review.each_char.with_index do |char, idx|
      cursor_start_offset = cursor_column_num - start_column_num
      cursor_end_offset = end_column_num - start_column_num

      if idx >= cursor_start_offset && !cursor_terminated
        cursor_terminated = true if cursor_termination_chars.include?(char)
        print char if cursor_terminated
        print "\001\e[31m\002#{char}\001\e[0m\002" unless cursor_terminated
      else
        print char
      end
    end

    if current_step.length.positive?
      ai_analysis = PWN::AI::Agent::TransparentBrowser.analyze(
        request: current_step,
        source_to_review: source_to_review
      )
      puts "^^^ #{ai_analysis}" unless ai_analysis.nil?
    end
    puts "\n" * 3

    step_hash = {
      step: step_num,
      action: action,
      source: current_step
    }

    steps_arr.push(step_hash)
  end

  steps_arr
rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::WebDriverError
  devtools
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.toggle_devtools(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.toggle_devtools( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 1474

public_class_method def self.toggle_devtools(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  # TODO: Find replacement for hotkey - there must be a better way.
  browser_obj[:browser].send_keys(:f12)
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.type_as_human(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.type_as_human( string: 'required - string to type as human', rand_sleep_float: 'optional - float timing in between keypress (defaults to 0.09)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 471

public_class_method def self.type_as_human(opts = {})
  string = opts[:string].to_s

  rand_sleep_float = if opts[:rand_sleep_float]
                       opts[:rand_sleep_float].to_f
                     else
                       0.09
                     end

  string.each_char do |char|
    yield char

    sleep Random.rand(rand_sleep_float)
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.update_about_config(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters

PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.update_about_config( browser_obj: browser_obj1, key: 'required - key to update in about:config', value: 'required - value to set for key in about:config' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 755

public_class_method def self.update_about_config(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  supported = %i[firefox headless_firefox]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj, supported: supported)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  key = opts[:key]
  raise 'ERROR: key parameter is required' if key.nil?

  value = opts[:value]
  raise 'ERROR: value parameter is required' if value.nil?

  browser_type = browser_obj[:type]
  # chrome_types = %i[chrome headless_chrome]
  firefox_types = %i[firefox headless_firefox]

  browser_obj[:browser].goto('about:config')
  # Confirmed working in Firefox
  js = %{Services.prefs.setStringPref("#{key}", "#{value}")} if firefox_types.include?(browser_type)
  console(browser_obj: browser_obj, js: js)
  browser_obj[:browser].back
rescue Timeout::Error, Timeout::ExitException
  console_resp
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end

.view_dom_mutations(opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Supported Method Parameters: console_resp = PWN::Plugins::TransparentBrowser.view_dom_mutations( browser_obj: 'required - browser_obj returned from #open method', index: 'optional - index of tab to switch to (defaults to active tab)', target: 'optional - target JavaScript node to observe (defaults to document.body)', observe_clobbering: 'optional - boolean to enable DOM Clobbering detection (defaults to true)', observe_redirects: 'optional - boolean to enable Insecure Redirect detection (defaults to true)', observe_resources: 'optional - boolean to enable resource load monitoring (defaults to true)' )



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# File 'lib/pwn/plugins/transparent_browser.rb', line 545

public_class_method def self.view_dom_mutations(opts = {})
  browser_obj = opts[:browser_obj]
  verified = verify_devtools_browser(browser_obj: browser_obj)
  puts 'This browser is not supported for DevTools operations.' unless verified
  return unless verified

  index = opts[:index]
  jmp_tab(browser_obj: browser_obj, index: index) if index

  target = opts[:target] ||= 'undefined'
  observe_clobbering = opts.fetch(:observe_clobbering, true)
  observe_redirects = opts.fetch(:observe_redirects, true)
  observe_resources = opts.fetch(:observe_resources, true)

  jmp_devtools_panel(
    browser_obj: browser_obj,
    panel: :console
  )

  js = <<~JAVASCRIPT
    // Select the target node to observe (default to document.body)
    const targetNode = document.getElementById(#{target}) || document.body;

    // Configuration for MutationObserver
    const config = {
      attributes: true,
      childList: true,
      subtree: true,
      characterData: true,
      attributeOldValue: true
    };

    // Exhaustive list of elements that can execute scripts or load resources
    const xssElements = [
      'SCRIPT', 'IFRAME', 'FRAME', 'OBJECT', 'EMBED', 'APPLET', 'SVG', 'IMG', 'VIDEO', 'AUDIO', 'LINK', 'META', 'BASE',
      'INPUT', 'SOURCE', 'TRACK', 'FORM', 'BUTTON', 'AREA', 'NOSCRIPT', 'STYLE', 'HTML', 'BODY'
    ];

    // Exhaustive list of attributes that can contain URLs, scripts, or event handlers
    const xssAttributes = [
      'src', 'href', 'action', 'srcdoc', 'data', 'codebase', 'style', 'manifest', 'poster', 'background', 'lowsrc',
      'formaction', 'cite', 'ping', 'icon', 'longdesc', 'usemap', 'content', 'value', 'pattern',
      'onload', 'onerror', 'onclick', 'onmouseover', 'onmouseout', 'onfocus', 'onblur', 'onchange', 'onsubmit', 'onreset',
      'onselect', 'ondblclick', 'onkeydown', 'onkeypress', 'onkeyup', 'onmousedown', 'onmousemove', 'onmouseup', 'onwheel',
      'oncontextmenu', 'ondrag', 'ondragend', 'ondragenter', 'ondragleave', 'ondragover', 'ondragstart', 'ondrop', 'onscroll',
      'ontouchstart', 'ontouchmove', 'ontouchend', 'ontouchcancel', 'onanimationstart', 'onanimationend', 'onanimationiteration',
      'ontransitionend'
    ];

    // Attributes that can cause navigation (for insecure redirects)
    const redirectAttributes = ['href', 'action', 'src', 'formaction', 'content'];

    // Attributes that load resources (for data exfiltration)
    const resourceAttributes = ['src', 'href', 'poster', 'data', 'background', 'lowsrc', 'cite', 'ping', 'icon', 'longdesc'];

    // Global properties that could be clobbered
    const globalProperties = [
      'document', 'window', 'location', 'navigator', 'history', 'screen', 'console', 'alert', 'confirm', 'prompt',
      'fetch', 'XMLHttpRequest', 'WebSocket', 'localStorage', 'sessionStorage'
    ];

    // Callback function to handle mutations
    const callback = (mutationList, observer) => {
      mutationList.forEach((mutation) => {
        if (mutation.type === 'childList') {
          if (mutation.addedNodes.length) {
            mutation.addedNodes.forEach((node) => {
              if (node.nodeType === Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
                const tagName = node.tagName.toUpperCase();
                // Check for XSS sinks
                if (xssElements.includes(tagName)) {
                  console.warn('Potential DOM-XSS sink: Added element', {
                    tagName: tagName,
                    id: node.id || 'N/A',
                    classList: node.className || 'N/A',
                    outerHTML: node.outerHTML
                  });
                }
                // Check for DOM Clobbering
                if (#{observe_clobbering} && (node.id || node.name) && globalProperties.includes(node.id || node.name)) {
                  console.warn('Potential DOM Clobbering: Added element with id/name', {
                    id: node.id || 'N/A',
                    name: node.name || 'N/A',
                    tagName: tagName,
                    outerHTML: node.outerHTML
                  });
                }
              }
            });
          }
        } else if (mutation.type === 'attributes') {
          const attrName = mutation.attributeName.toLowerCase();
          const tagName = mutation.target.tagName.toUpperCase();
          // Check for XSS sinks
          if (xssAttributes.includes(attrName)) {
            console.warn('Potential DOM-XSS sink: Attribute change', {
              element: tagName,
              id: mutation.target.id || 'N/A',
              attribute: attrName,
              oldValue: mutation.oldValue,
              newValue: mutation.target.getAttribute(attrName),
              outerHTML: mutation.target.outerHTML
            });
          }
          // Check for insecure redirects
          if (#{observe_redirects} && redirectAttributes.includes(attrName) &&
              (tagName === 'A' || tagName === 'FORM' || tagName === 'IFRAME' || tagName === 'BUTTON' || tagName === 'INPUT' ||
               (tagName === 'META' && mutation.target.getAttribute('http-equiv') === 'refresh'))) {
            console.warn('Potential Insecure Redirect: Attribute change', {
              element: tagName,
              id: mutation.target.id || 'N/A',
              attribute: attrName,
              oldValue: mutation.oldValue,
              newValue: mutation.target.getAttribute(attrName),
              outerHTML: mutation.target.outerHTML
            });
          }
          // Check for resource loads (data exfiltration)
          if (#{observe_resources} && resourceAttributes.includes(attrName)) {
            console.warn('Potential Resource Load (Data Exfiltration): Attribute change', {
              element: tagName,
              id: mutation.target.id || 'N/A',
              attribute: attrName,
              oldValue: mutation.oldValue,
              newValue: mutation.target.getAttribute(attrName),
              outerHTML: mutation.target.outerHTML
            });
          }
        } else if (mutation.type === 'characterData') {
          if (mutation.target.parentElement) {
            const parentTag = mutation.target.parentElement.tagName.toUpperCase();
            if (parentTag === 'SCRIPT') {
              console.warn('Potential DOM-XSS sink: Script content changed', {
                scriptId: mutation.target.parentElement.id || 'N/A',
                oldValue: mutation.oldValue,
                newValue: mutation.target.textContent
              });
            } else if (parentTag === 'STYLE') {
              console.warn('Potential DOM-XSS sink: Style content changed', {
                styleId: mutation.target.parentElement.id || 'N/A',
                oldValue: mutation.oldValue,
                newValue: mutation.target.textContent
              });
            }
          }
        }
      });
    };

    // Create and start the MutationObserver
    const observer = new MutationObserver(callback);
    observer.observe(targetNode, config);

    // Function to stop the observer
    window.hide_dom_mutations = () => {
      observer.disconnect();
      console.log('MutationObserver stopped.');
    };

    // Log instructions to console
    console.log('MutationObserver started for DOM-based vulnerabilities. To stop, run: hide_dom_mutations()');
  JAVASCRIPT

  console(browser_obj: browser_obj, js: 'clear();')
  browser_obj[:browser].execute_script(js)
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
end