Module: Selenium::Client::Idiomatic

Included in:
Base
Defined in:
lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb

Overview

Provide a more idiomatic API than the generated Ruby driver.

Work in progress…

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#actual_timeout_in_milliseconds(timeout_in_seconds) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 480

def actual_timeout_in_milliseconds(timeout_in_seconds)
  actual_timeout = (timeout_in_seconds || 
                    default_timeout_in_seconds).to_i
  actual_timeout * 1000
end

#alert ⇒ Object

Retrieves the message of a JavaScript alert generated during the previous action, or fail if there were no alerts.

Getting an alert has the same effect as manually clicking OK. If an alert is generated but you do not consume it with getAlert, the next Selenium action will fail.

Under Selenium, JavaScript alerts will NOT pop up a visible alert dialog.

Selenium does NOT support JavaScript alerts that are generated in a page’s onload() event handler. In this case a visible dialog WILL be generated and Selenium will hang until someone manually clicks OK.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 220

def alert
  string_command "getAlert"
end

#alert? ⇒ Boolean

Whether an alert occurred

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 202

def alert?
  boolean_command "isAlertPresent"
end

#all_window_ids ⇒ Object

Returns the IDs of all windows that the browser knows about.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 408

def all_window_ids
  string_array_command "getAllWindowIds"
end

#all_window_names ⇒ Object

Returns the names of all windows that the browser knows about.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 414

def all_window_names
  string_array_command "getAllWindowNames"
end

#all_window_titles ⇒ Object

Returns the titles of all windows that the browser knows about.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 420

def all_window_titles
  string_array_command "getAllWindowTitles"
end

#body_text ⇒ Object

Gets the entire text of the page.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 115

def body_text
  string_command "getBodyText"
end

#browser_network_traffic(format = :plain) ⇒ Object

Returns a string representation of the network traffic seen by the browser, including headers, AJAX requests, status codes, and timings. When this function is called, the traffic log is cleared, so the returned content is only the traffic seen since the last call.

The network traffic is returned in the format it was requested. Valid values are: :json, :xml, or :plain.

Warning: For browser_network_traffic to work you need to start your browser session with the option “captureNetworkTraffic=true”, which will force ALL traffic to go to the Remote Control proxy even for more efficient browser modes like ‘*firefox` and `*safari`.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 436

def browser_network_traffic(format = :plain)
  raise "format must be :plain, :json, or :xml"   \
      unless [:plain, :json, :xml].include?(format)
        
  remote_control_command "captureNetworkTraffic", [format.to_s]
end

#browser_xpath_library=(library_name) ⇒ Object

Allows choice of a specific XPath libraries for Xpath evualuation in the browser (e.g. to resolve XPath locators).

‘library_name’ can be:

* :ajaxslt          : Google's library
* :javascript-xpath : Cybozu Labs' faster library
* :default          : Selenium default library.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 450

def browser_xpath_library=(library_name)
  raise "library name must be :ajaxslt, :javascript-xpath, or :default"   \
      unless [:ajaxslt, :'javascript-xpath', :default].include?(library_name)
  remote_control_command "useXpathLibrary", [library_name.to_s]
end

#checked?(locator) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether a toggle-button (checkbox/radio) is checked. Fails if the specified element doesn’t exist or isn’t a toggle-button.

  • ‘locator’ is an element locator pointing to a checkbox or radio button

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 197

def checked?(locator)
  boolean_command "isChecked", [locator,]
end

#click(locator, options = {}) ⇒ Object

Clicks on a link, button, checkbox or radio button.

‘locator’ is an element locator

Using ‘options’ you can automatically wait for an event to happen after the click. e.g.

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :page # will wait for a new page to load

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :popup, :window => ‘a window id’ # will wait for a new popup window to appear. Also selects the popup window for you provide ‘:select => true`

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :ajax # will wait for all ajax requests to be completed using semantics of default javascript framework

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :ajax, :javascript_framework => :jquery # will wait for all ajax requests to be completed overriding default javascript framework

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :effects # will wait for all javascript effects to be rendered using semantics of default javascript framework

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :effects, :javascript_framework => :prototype # will wait for all javascript effects to be rendered overriding default javascript framework

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :element, :element => ‘new_element_id’ # will wait for an element to be present/appear

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :no_element, :element => ‘new_element_id’ # will wait for an element to be not be present/disappear

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :text, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for some text to be present/appear

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :text, :text => /A Regexp/ # will wait for some text to be present/appear

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :text, :element => ‘a_locator’, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for the content of ‘a_locator’ to be ‘some text’

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :no_text, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for the text to be not be present/disappear

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :no_text, :text => /A Regexp/ # will wait for the text to be not be present/disappear

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :no_text, :element => ‘a_locator’, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for the content of ‘a_locator’ to not be ‘some text’

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :value, :element => ‘a_locator’, :value => ‘some value’ # will wait for the field value of ‘a_locator’ to be ‘some value’

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :no_value, :element => ‘a_locator’, :value => ‘some value’ # will wait for the field value of ‘a_locator’ to not be ‘some value’

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :visible, :element => ‘a_locator’ # will wait for element to be visible

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :not_visible, :element => ‘a_locator’ # will wait for element to not be visible

  • click “a_locator”, :wait_for => :condition, :javascript => ‘some expression’ # will wait for the javascript expression to be true

Using options you can also define an explicit timeout (:timeout_in_seconds key). Otherwise the default driver timeout is used.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 148

def click(locator, options={})
  remote_control_command "click", [locator,]
  wait_for options
end

#confirmation ⇒ Object

Retrieves the message of a JavaScript confirmation dialog generated during the previous action.

By default, the confirm function will return true, having the same effect as manually clicking OK. This can be changed by prior execution of the chooseCancelOnNextConfirmation command.

If an confirmation is generated but you do not consume it with getConfirmation, the next Selenium action will fail.

NOTE: under Selenium, JavaScript confirmations will NOT pop up a visible dialog.

NOTE: Selenium does NOT support JavaScript confirmations that are generated in a page’s onload() event handler. In this case a visible dialog WILL be generated and Selenium will hang until you manually click OK.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 246

def confirmation
  string_command "getConfirmation"
end

#confirmation? ⇒ Boolean

Whether a confirmation has been auto-acknoledged (i.e. confirm() been called)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 225

def confirmation?
  boolean_command "isConfirmationPresent"
end

#cookie(name) ⇒ Object

Returns the value of the cookie with the specified name, or throws an error if the cookie is not present.

‘name’ is the name of the cookie



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 362

def cookie(name)
  string_command "getCookieByName", [name,]
end

#cookie?(name) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if a cookie with the specified name is present, or false otherwise.

‘name’ is the name of the cookie

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 369

def cookie?(name)
  boolean_command "isCookiePresent", [name,]
end

#cookies ⇒ Object

Return all cookies for the current page under test.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 355

def cookies
  string_command "getCookie"
end

#create_cookie(name_value_pair, options = "") ⇒ Object

Create a new cookie whose path and domain are same with those of current page under test, unless you specified a path for this cookie explicitly.

‘nameValuePair’ is name and value of the cookie in a format “name=value” ‘optionsString’ is options for the cookie. Currently supported options include ‘path’, ‘max_age’ and ‘domain’. the optionsString’s format is “path=/path/, max_age=60, domain=.foo.com”. The order of options are irrelevant, the unit of the value of ‘max_age’ is second. Note that specifying a domain that isn’t a subset of the current domain will usually fail.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 379

def create_cookie(name_value_pair, options="")
  if options.kind_of? Hash
  options = options.keys.collect {|key| "#{key}=#{options[key]}" }.sort.join(", ")
  end
  remote_control_command "createCookie", [name_value_pair,options,]
end

#delete_cookie(name, options = "") ⇒ Object

Delete a named cookie with specified path and domain. Be careful; to delete a cookie, you need to delete it using the exact same path and domain that were used to create the cookie. If the path is wrong, or the domain is wrong, the cookie simply won’t be deleted. Also note that specifying a domain that isn’t a subset of the current domain will usually fail.

Since there’s no way to discover at runtime the original path and domain of a given cookie, we’ve added an option called ‘recurse’ to try all sub-domains of the current domain with all paths that are a subset of the current path. Beware; this option can be slow. In big-O notation, it operates in O(n*m) time, where n is the number of dots in the domain name and m is the number of slashes in the path.

‘name’ is the name of the cookie to be deleted ‘optionsString’ is options for the cookie. Currently supported options include ‘path’, ‘domain’ and ‘recurse.’ The optionsString’s format is “path=/path/, domain=.foo.com, recurse=true”. The order of options are irrelevant. Note that specifying a domain that isn’t a subset of the current domain will usually fail.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 399

def delete_cookie(name, options="")
  if options.kind_of? Hash
  ordered_keys = options.keys.sort {|a,b| a.to_s <=> b.to_s }
  options = ordered_keys.collect {|key| "#{key}=#{options[key]}" }.join(", ")
  end
  remote_control_command "deleteCookie", [name,options,]
end

#element?(locator) ⇒ Boolean

Verifies that the specified element is somewhere on the page.

  • ‘locator’ is an element locator

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 163

def element?(locator)
  boolean_command "isElementPresent", [locator,]
end

#execution_delay ⇒ Object

Get execution delay in milliseconds, i.e. a pause delay following each selenium operation. By default, there is no such delay (value is 0).



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 468

def execution_delay
  string_command "getSpeed"
end

#execution_delay=(delay_in_milliseconds) ⇒ Object

Set the execution delay in milliseconds, i.e. a pause delay following each selenium operation. By default, there is no such delay.

Setting an execution can be useful to troubleshoot or capture videos



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 476

def execution_delay=(delay_in_milliseconds)
  remote_control_command "setSpeed", [delay_in_milliseconds]
end

#field(locator) ⇒ Object

Gets the (whitespace-trimmed) value of an input field (or anything else with a value parameter). For checkbox/radio elements, the value will be “on” or “off” depending on whether the element is checked or not.

  • ‘locator’ is an element locator



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 184

def field(locator)
  string_command "getValue", [locator,]
end

#go_back(options = {}) ⇒ Object

Simulates the user clicking the “back” button on their browser. Using ‘options’ you can automatically wait for an event to happen after the click. e.g.

  • go_back :wait_for => :page # will wait for a new page to load

  • go_back :wait_for => :popup, :window => ‘a window id’ # will wait for a new popup window to appear. Also selects the popup window for you provide ‘:select => true`

  • go_back :wait_for => :ajax # will wait for all ajax requests to be completed using semantics of default javascript framework

  • go_back :wait_for => :ajax, :javascript_framework => :jquery # will wait for all ajax requests to be completed overriding default javascript framework

  • go_back :wait_for => :effects # will wait for all javascript effects to be rendered using semantics of default javascript framework

  • go_back :wait_for => :effects, :javascript_framework => :prototype # will wait for all javascript effects to be rendered overriding default javascript framework

  • go_back :wait_for => :element, :element => ‘new_element_id’ # will wait for an element to be present/appear

  • go_back :wait_for => :no_element, :element => ‘new_element_id’ # will wait for an element to be not be present/disappear

  • go_back :wait_for => :text, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for some text to be present/appear

  • go_back “a_locator”, :wait_for => :text, :text => /A Regexp/ # will wait for some text to be present/appear

  • go_back :wait_for => :text, :element => ‘a_locator’, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for the content of ‘a_locator’ to be ‘some text’

  • go_back :wait_for => :no_text, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for the text to be not be present/disappear

  • go_back “a_locator”, :wait_for => :no_text, :text => /A Regexp/ # will wait for the text to be not be present/disappear

  • go_back :wait_for => :no_text, :element => ‘a_locator’, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for the content of ‘a_locator’ to not be ‘some text’

  • go_back :wait_for => :condition, :javascript => ‘some expression’ # will wait for the javascript expression to be true

  • go_back :wait_for => :value, :element => ‘a_locator’, :value => ‘some value’ # will wait for the field value of ‘a_locator’ to be ‘some value’

  • go_back :wait_for => :visible, :element => ‘a_locator’ # will wait for element to be visible

  • go_back :wait_for => :not_visible, :element => ‘a_locator’ # will wait for element to not be visible

  • go_back :wait_for => :no_value, :element => ‘a_locator’, :value => ‘some value’ # will wait for the field value of ‘a_locator’ to not be ‘some value’

Using options you can also define an explicit timeout (:timeout_in_seconds key). Otherwise the default driver timeout is used.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 349

def go_back(options={})
  remote_control_command "goBack"
  wait_for options
end

#highlight_located_element=(enabled) ⇒ Object

Turn on/off the automatic hightlighting of the element driven or inspected by Selenium core. Useful when recording videos



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 460

def highlight_located_element=(enabled)
  boolean = (true == enabled)
  js_eval "selenium.browserbot.shouldHighlightLocatedElement = #{boolean}"
end

#js_eval(script) ⇒ Object

Returns the result of evaluating the specified JavaScript snippet whithin the browser.

The snippet may have multiple lines, but only the result of the last line will be returned.

Note that, by default, the snippet will run in the context of the “selenium” object itself, so this will refer to the Selenium object. Use window to refer to the window of your application, e.g. window.document.getElementById('foo') If you need to use a locator to refer to a single element in your application page, you can use this.browserbot.findElement("id=foo") where “id=foo” is your locator.

  • ‘script’ is the JavaScript snippet to run



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 283

def js_eval(script)
  string_command "getEval", [script,]
end

#location ⇒ Object

Returns the absolute URL of the current page.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 30

def location
  string_command "getLocation"
end

#prompt ⇒ Object

Retrieves the message of a JavaScript question prompt dialog generated during the previous action.

Successful handling of the prompt requires prior execution of the answerOnNextPrompt command. If a prompt is generated but you do not get/verify it, the next Selenium action will fail.

NOTE: under Selenium, JavaScript prompts will NOT pop up a visible dialog.

NOTE: Selenium does NOT support JavaScript prompts that are generated in a page’s onload() event handler. In this case a visible dialog WILL be generated and Selenium will hang until someone manually clicks OK.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 268

def prompt
  string_command "getPrompt"
end

#prompt? ⇒ Boolean

Whether a prompt occurred

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 251

def prompt?
  boolean_command "isPromptPresent"
end

#remote_control_timeout_in_seconds=(timeout_in_seconds) ⇒ Object

Set the Remote Control timeout (as opposed to the client side driver timeout). This timout specifies the amount of time that Selenium Core will wait for actions to complete.

The default timeout is 30 seconds. ‘timeout’ is a timeout in seconds, after which the action will return with an error

Actions that require waiting include “open” and the “waitFor*” actions.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 294

def remote_control_timeout_in_seconds=(timeout_in_seconds)
  remote_control_command "setTimeout", [actual_timeout_in_milliseconds(timeout_in_seconds),]
end

#table_cell_text(tableCellAddress) ⇒ Object

Returns the text from a cell of a table. The cellAddress syntax tableLocator.row.column, where row and column start at 0.

  • ‘tableCellAddress’ is a cell address, e.g. “foo.1.4”



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 302

def table_cell_text(tableCellAddress)
  string_command "getTable", [tableCellAddress,]
end

#text(locator) ⇒ Object Also known as: text_content

Return the text content of an HTML element (rendered text shown to the user). Works for any HTML element that contains text.

This command uses either the textContent (Mozilla-like browsers) or the innerText (IE-like browsers) of the element, which is the rendered text shown to the user.

  • ‘locator’ is an Selenium element locator



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 19

def text(locator)
  string_command "getText", [locator,]
end

#text?(pattern) ⇒ Boolean

Verifies that the specified text pattern appears somewhere on the rendered page shown to the user.

  • ‘pattern’ is a pattern to match with the text of the page

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 156

def text?(pattern)
  boolean_command "isTextPresent", [pattern,]
end

#title ⇒ Object

Return the title of the current HTML page.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 25

def title
  string_command "getTitle"
end

#value(locator) ⇒ Object

Alias for field



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 189

def value(locator)
 field locator
end

#visible?(locator) ⇒ Boolean

Determines if the specified element is visible. An element can be rendered invisible by setting the CSS “visibility” property to “hidden”, or the “display” property to “none”, either for the element itself or one if its ancestors. This method will fail if the element is not present.

‘locator’ is an element locator

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 174

def visible?(locator)
   boolean_command "isVisible", [locator,]
end

#wait_for(options) ⇒ Object

Flexible wait semantics. ait is happening browser side. Useful for testing AJAX application.

  • wait :wait_for => :page # will wait for a new page to load

  • wait :wait_for => :popup, :window => ‘a window id’ # will wait for a new popup window to appear. Also selects the popup window for you provide ‘:select => true`

  • wait :wait_for => :ajax # will wait for all ajax requests to be completed using semantics of default javascript framework

  • wait :wait_for => :ajax, :javascript_framework => :jquery # will wait for all ajax requests to be completed overriding default javascript framework

  • wait :wait_for => :effects # will wait for all javascript effects to be rendered using semantics of default javascript framework

  • wait :wait_for => :effects, :javascript_framework => :prototype # will wait for all javascript effects to be rendered overriding default javascript framework

  • wait :wait_for => :element, :element => ‘new_element_id’ # will wait for an element to be present/appear

  • wait :wait_for => :no_element, :element => ‘new_element_id’ # will wait for an element to be not be present/disappear

  • wait :wait_for => :text, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for some text to be present/appear

  • wait :wait_for => :text, :text => /A Regexp/ # will wait for some text to be present/appear

  • wait :wait_for => :text, :element => ‘a_locator’, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for the content of ‘a_locator’ to be ‘some text’

  • wait :wait_for => :no_text, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for the text to be not be present/disappear

  • wait :wait_for => :no_text, :text => /A Regexp/ # will wait for the text to be not be present/disappear

  • wait :wait_for => :no_text, :element => ‘a_locator’, :text => ‘some text’ # will wait for the content of ‘a_locator’ to not be ‘some text’

  • wait :wait_for => :value, :element => ‘a_locator’, :value => ‘some value’ # will wait for the field value of ‘a_locator’ to be ‘some value’

  • wait :wait_for => :no_value, :element => ‘a_locator’, :value => ‘some value’ # will wait for the field value of ‘a_locator’ to not be ‘some value’

  • wait :wait_for => :visible, :element => ‘a_locator’ # will wait for element to be visible

  • wait :wait_for => :not_visible, :element => ‘a_locator’ # will wait for element to not be visible

  • wait :wait_for => :condition, :javascript => ‘some expression’ # will wait for the javascript expression to be true

Using options you can also define an explicit timeout (:timeout_in_seconds key). Otherwise the default driver timeout is used.



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 83

def wait_for(options)
  if options[:wait_for] == :page
    wait_for_page options[:timeout_in_seconds]
 elsif options[:wait_for] == :ajax
     wait_for_ajax options
 elsif options[:wait_for] == :element
     wait_for_element options[:element], options
 elsif options[:wait_for] == :no_element
     wait_for_no_element options[:element], options
 elsif options[:wait_for] == :text
     wait_for_text options[:text], options
 elsif options[:wait_for] == :no_text
    wait_for_no_text options[:text], options
 elsif options[:wait_for] == :effects
     wait_for_effects options
  elsif options[:wait_for] == :popup
      wait_for_popup options[:window], options[:timeout_in_seconds]
      select_window options[:window] if options[:select]
  elsif options[:wait_for] == :value
      wait_for_field_value options[:element], options[:value], options
  elsif options[:wait_for] == :no_value
      wait_for_no_field_value options[:element], options[:value], options
  elsif options[:wait_for] == :visible
      wait_for_visible options[:element], options
  elsif options[:wait_for] == :not_visible
      wait_for_not_visible options[:element], options
 elsif options[:wait_for] == :condition
     wait_for_condition options[:javascript], options[:timeout_in_seconds]
  end
end

#wait_for_condition(script, timeout_in_seconds = nil) ⇒ Object

Runs the specified JavaScript snippet repeatedly until it evaluates to “true”. The snippet may have multiple lines, but only the result of the last line will be considered.

Note that, by default, the snippet will be run in the runner’s test window, not in the window of your application. To get the window of your application, you can use the JavaScript snippet selenium.browserbot.getCurrentWindow(), and then run your JavaScript in there

  • ‘script’ is the JavaScript snippet to run

  • ‘timeout_in_seconds’ is a timeout in seconds, after which this command will return with an error



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 318

def wait_for_condition(script, timeout_in_seconds = nil)
  remote_control_command "waitForCondition", 
      [script, actual_timeout_in_milliseconds(timeout_in_seconds),]
end

#wait_for_page(timeout_in_seconds = nil) ⇒ Object Also known as: wait_for_page_to_load

Waits for a new page to load.

Selenium constantly keeps track of new pages loading, and sets a “newPageLoaded” flag when it first notices a page load. Running any other Selenium command after turns the flag to false. Hence, if you want to wait for a page to load, you must wait immediately after a Selenium command that caused a page-load.

  • ‘timeout_in_seconds’ is a timeout in seconds, after which this command will return with an error



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 44

def wait_for_page(timeout_in_seconds=nil)
  remote_control_command "waitForPageToLoad", 
      [actual_timeout_in_milliseconds(timeout_in_seconds),]
end

#wait_for_popup(window_id, timeout_in_seconds = nil) ⇒ Object

Waits for a popup window to appear and load up.

window_id is the JavaScript window “name” of the window that will appear (not the text of the title bar) timeout_in_seconds is a timeout in seconds, after which the action will return with an error



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# File 'lib/selenium/client/idiomatic.rb', line 54

def wait_for_popup(window_id, timeout_in_seconds=nil)
  remote_control_command "waitForPopUp", 
      [window_id, actual_timeout_in_milliseconds(timeout_in_seconds) ,]
end