Module: Sequel::Model::InstanceMethods
- Defined in:
- lib/sequel/model/base.rb,
lib/sequel/plugins/prepared_statements.rb
Overview
Sequel::Model instance methods that implement basic model functionality.
-
All of the methods in
HOOKS
andAROUND_HOOKS
create instance methods that are called by Sequel when the appropriate action occurs. For example, when destroying a model object, Sequel will callaround_destroy
, which will callbefore_destroy
, do the destroy, and then callafter_destroy
. -
The following instance_methods all call the class method of the same name: columns, db, primary_key, db_schema.
-
All of the methods in
BOOLEAN_SETTINGS
create attr_writers allowing you to set values for the attribute. It also creates instance getters returning the value of the setting. If the value has not yet been set, it gets the default value from the class by calling the class method of the same name.
Instance Attribute Summary collapse
-
#values ⇒ Object
(also: #to_hash)
readonly
The hash of attribute values.
Instance Method Summary collapse
-
#==(obj) ⇒ Object
Alias of eql?.
-
#===(obj) ⇒ Object
If pk is not nil, true only if the objects have the same class and pk.
-
#[](column) ⇒ Object
Returns value of the column’s attribute.
-
#[]=(column, value) ⇒ Object
Sets the value for the given column.
-
#autoincrementing_primary_key ⇒ Object
The autoincrementing primary key for this model object.
-
#changed_columns ⇒ Object
The columns that have been updated.
-
#clone ⇒ Object
Similar to Model#dup, but copies frozen status to returned object if current object is frozen.
-
#delete ⇒ Object
Deletes and returns
self
. -
#destroy(opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object
Like delete but runs hooks before and after delete.
-
#dup ⇒ Object
Produce a shallow copy of the object, similar to Object#dup.
-
#each(&block) ⇒ Object
Iterates through all of the current values using each.
-
#eql?(obj) ⇒ Boolean
Compares model instances by values.
-
#errors ⇒ Object
Returns the validation errors associated with this object.
-
#exists? ⇒ Boolean
Returns true when current instance exists, false otherwise.
-
#extend(mod) ⇒ Object
Ignore the model’s setter method cache when this instances extends a module, as the module may contain setter methods.
-
#freeze ⇒ Object
Freeze the object in such a way that it is still usable but not modifiable.
-
#hash ⇒ Object
Value that should be unique for objects with the same class and pk (if pk is not nil), or the same class and values (if pk is nil).
-
#id ⇒ Object
Returns value for the :id attribute, even if the primary key is not id.
-
#initialize(values = {}) {|_self| ... } ⇒ Object
Creates new instance and passes the given values to set.
-
#inspect ⇒ Object
Returns a string representation of the model instance including the class name and values.
-
#keys ⇒ Object
Returns the keys in
values
. -
#lock! ⇒ Object
Refresh this record using
for_update
unless this is a new record. -
#marshallable! ⇒ Object
Remove elements of the model object that make marshalling fail.
-
#modified!(column = nil) ⇒ Object
Explicitly mark the object as modified, so
save_changes
/update
will run callbacks even if no columns have changed. -
#modified?(column = nil) ⇒ Boolean
Whether this object has been modified since last saved, used by save_changes to determine whether changes should be saved.
-
#new? ⇒ Boolean
Returns true if the current instance represents a new record.
-
#pk ⇒ Object
Returns the primary key value identifying the model instance.
-
#pk_hash ⇒ Object
Returns a hash mapping the receivers primary key column(s) to their values.
-
#refresh ⇒ Object
Reloads attributes from database and returns self.
-
#reload ⇒ Object
Alias of refresh, but not aliased directly to make overriding in a plugin easier.
-
#save(opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object
Creates or updates the record, after making sure the record is valid and before hooks execute successfully.
-
#save_changes(opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object
Saves only changed columns if the object has been modified.
-
#set(hash) ⇒ Object
Updates the instance with the supplied values with support for virtual attributes, raising an exception if a value is used that doesn’t have a setter method (or ignoring it if
strict_param_setting = false
). -
#set_all(hash) ⇒ Object
Set all values using the entries in the hash, ignoring any setting of allowed_columns in the model.
-
#set_fields(hash, fields, opts = nil) ⇒ Object
For each of the fields in the given array
fields
, call the setter method with the value of thathash
entry for the field. -
#set_only(hash, *only) ⇒ Object
Set the values using the entries in the hash, only if the key is included in only.
-
#set_server(s) ⇒ Object
Set the shard that this object is tied to.
-
#singleton_method_added(meth) ⇒ Object
Clear the setter_methods cache when a method is added.
-
#this ⇒ Object
Returns (naked) dataset that should return only this instance.
-
#update(hash) ⇒ Object
Runs #set with the passed hash and then runs save_changes.
-
#update_all(hash) ⇒ Object
Update all values using the entries in the hash, ignoring any setting of
allowed_columns
in the model. -
#update_fields(hash, fields, opts = nil) ⇒ Object
Update the instances values by calling
set_fields
with the arguments, then saves any changes to the record. -
#update_only(hash, *only) ⇒ Object
Update the values using the entries in the hash, only if the key is included in only.
-
#use_prepared_statements_for?(type) ⇒ Boolean
Whether prepared statements should be used for the given type of query (:insert, :insert_select, :refresh, :update, or :delete).
-
#valid?(opts = OPTS) ⇒ Boolean
Validates the object and returns true if no errors are reported.
-
#validate ⇒ Object
Validates the object.
Instance Attribute Details
#values ⇒ Object (readonly) Also known as: to_hash
The hash of attribute values. Keys are symbols with the names of the underlying database columns.
Artist.new(:name=>'Bob').values # => {:name=>'Bob'}
Artist[1].values # => {:id=>1, :name=>'Jim', ...}
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1051 def values @values end |
Instance Method Details
#==(obj) ⇒ Object
Alias of eql?
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1104 def ==(obj) eql?(obj) end |
#===(obj) ⇒ Object
If pk is not nil, true only if the objects have the same class and pk. If pk is nil, false.
Artist[1] === Artist[1] # true
Artist.new === Artist.new # false
Artist[1].set(:name=>'Bob') == Artist[1] # => true
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1114 def ===(obj) pk.nil? ? false : (obj.class == model) && (obj.pk == pk) end |
#[](column) ⇒ Object
Returns value of the column’s attribute.
Artist[1][:id] #=> 1
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1079 def [](column) @values[column] end |
#[]=(column, value) ⇒ Object
Sets the value for the given column. If typecasting is enabled for this object, typecast the value based on the column’s type. If this is a new record or the typecasted value isn’t the same as the current value for the column, mark the column as changed.
a = Artist.new
a[:name] = 'Bob'
a.values #=> {:name=>'Bob'}
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1091 def []=(column, value) # If it is new, it doesn't have a value yet, so we should # definitely set the new value. # If the column isn't in @values, we can't assume it is # NULL in the database, so assume it has changed. v = typecast_value(column, value) vals = @values if new? || !vals.include?(column) || v != (c = vals[column]) || v.class != c.class change_column_value(column, v) end end |
#autoincrementing_primary_key ⇒ Object
The autoincrementing primary key for this model object. Should be overridden if you have a composite primary key with one part of it being autoincrementing.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1129 def autoincrementing_primary_key primary_key end |
#changed_columns ⇒ Object
The columns that have been updated. This isn’t completely accurate, as it could contain columns whose values have not changed.
a = Artist[1]
a.changed_columns # => []
a.name = 'Bob'
a.changed_columns # => [:name]
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1140 def changed_columns @changed_columns ||= [] end |
#clone ⇒ Object
Similar to Model#dup, but copies frozen status to returned object if current object is frozen.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1146 def clone o = dup o.freeze if frozen? o end |
#delete ⇒ Object
Deletes and returns self
. Does not run destroy hooks. Look into using destroy
instead.
Artist[1].delete # DELETE FROM artists WHERE (id = 1)
# => #<Artist {:id=>1, ...}>
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1157 def delete raise Sequel::Error, "can't delete frozen object" if frozen? _delete self end |
#destroy(opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object
Like delete but runs hooks before and after delete. If before_destroy returns false, returns false without deleting the object from the database. Otherwise, deletes the item from the database and returns self. Uses a transaction if use_transactions is true or if the :transaction option is given and true.
Artist[1].destroy # BEGIN; DELETE FROM artists WHERE (id = 1); COMMIT;
# => #<Artist {:id=>1, ...}>
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1172 def destroy(opts = OPTS) raise Sequel::Error, "can't destroy frozen object" if frozen? checked_save_failure(opts){checked_transaction(opts){_destroy(opts)}} end |
#dup ⇒ Object
Produce a shallow copy of the object, similar to Object#dup.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1178 def dup s = self super.instance_eval do @values = s.values.dup @changed_columns = s.changed_columns.dup @errors = s.errors.dup @this = s.this.dup if !new? && model.primary_key self end end |
#each(&block) ⇒ Object
Iterates through all of the current values using each.
Album[1].each{|k, v| puts "#{k} => #{v}"}
# id => 1
# name => 'Bob'
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1194 def each(&block) @values.each(&block) end |
#eql?(obj) ⇒ Boolean
Compares model instances by values.
Artist[1] == Artist[1] # => true
Artist.new == Artist.new # => true
Artist[1].set(:name=>'Bob') == Artist[1] # => false
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1203 def eql?(obj) (obj.class == model) && (obj.values == @values) end |
#errors ⇒ Object
Returns the validation errors associated with this object. See Errors
.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1209 def errors @errors ||= errors_class.new end |
#exists? ⇒ Boolean
Returns true when current instance exists, false otherwise. Generally an object that isn’t new will exist unless it has been deleted. Uses a database query to check for existence, unless the model object is new, in which case this is always false.
Artist[1].exists? # SELECT 1 FROM artists WHERE (id = 1)
# => true
Artist.new.exists?
# => false
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1223 def exists? new? ? false : !this.get(SQL::AliasedExpression.new(1, :one)).nil? end |
#extend(mod) ⇒ Object
Ignore the model’s setter method cache when this instances extends a module, as the module may contain setter methods.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1229 def extend(mod) @singleton_setter_added = true super end |
#freeze ⇒ Object
Freeze the object in such a way that it is still usable but not modifiable. Once an object is frozen, you cannot modify it’s values, changed_columns, errors, or dataset.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1237 def freeze values.freeze changed_columns.freeze errors validate errors.freeze this.freeze if !new? && model.primary_key super end |
#hash ⇒ Object
Value that should be unique for objects with the same class and pk (if pk is not nil), or the same class and values (if pk is nil).
Artist[1].hash == Artist[1].hash # true
Artist[1].set(:name=>'Bob').hash == Artist[1].hash # true
Artist.new.hash == Artist.new.hash # true
Artist.new(:name=>'Bob').hash == Artist.new.hash # false
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1254 def hash case primary_key when Array [model, !pk.all? ? @values : pk].hash when Symbol [model, pk.nil? ? @values : pk].hash else [model, @values].hash end end |
#id ⇒ Object
Returns value for the :id attribute, even if the primary key is not id. To get the primary key value, use pk
.
Artist[1].id # => 1
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1269 def id @values[:id] end |
#initialize(values = {}) {|_self| ... } ⇒ Object
Creates new instance and passes the given values to set. If a block is given, yield the instance to the block unless from_db is true.
Arguments:
- values
-
should be a hash to pass to set.
- from_db
-
only for backwards compatibility, forget it exists.
Artist.new(:name=>'Bob')
Artist.new do |a|
a.name = 'Bob'
end
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1067 def initialize(values = {}) @values = {} @new = true @modified = true initialize_set(values) changed_columns.clear yield self if block_given? end |
#inspect ⇒ Object
Returns a string representation of the model instance including the class name and values.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1275 def inspect "#<#{model.name} @values=#{inspect_values}>" end |
#keys ⇒ Object
Returns the keys in values
. May not include all column names.
Artist.new.keys # => []
Artist.new(:name=>'Bob').keys # => [:name]
Artist[1].keys # => [:id, :name]
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1284 def keys @values.keys end |
#lock! ⇒ Object
Refresh this record using for_update
unless this is a new record. Returns self. This can be used to make sure no other process is updating the record at the same time.
a = Artist[1]
Artist.db.transaction do
a.lock!
a.update(...)
end
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1297 def lock! _refresh(this.for_update) unless new? self end |
#marshallable! ⇒ Object
Remove elements of the model object that make marshalling fail. Returns self.
a = Artist[1]
a.marshallable!
Marshal.dump(a)
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1307 def marshallable! @this = nil self end |
#modified!(column = nil) ⇒ Object
Explicitly mark the object as modified, so save_changes
/update
will run callbacks even if no columns have changed.
a = Artist[1]
a.save_changes # No callbacks run, as no changes
a.modified!
a.save_changes # Callbacks run, even though no changes made
If a column is given, specifically marked that column as modified, so that save_changes
/update
will include that column in the update. This should be used if you plan on mutating the column value instead of assigning a new column value:
a.modified!(:name)
a.name.gsub!(/[aeou]/, 'i')
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1327 def modified!(column=nil) if column && !changed_columns.include?(column) changed_columns << column end @modified = true end |
#modified?(column = nil) ⇒ Boolean
Whether this object has been modified since last saved, used by save_changes to determine whether changes should be saved. New values are always considered modified.
a = Artist[1]
a.modified? # => false
a.set(:name=>'Jim')
a.modified? # => true
If a column is given, specifically check if the given column has been modified:
a.modified?(:num_albums) # => false
a.num_albums = 10
a.modified?(:num_albums) # => true
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1349 def modified?(column=nil) if column changed_columns.include?(column) else @modified || !changed_columns.empty? end end |
#new? ⇒ Boolean
Returns true if the current instance represents a new record.
Artist.new.new? # => true
Artist[1].new? # => false
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1361 def new? defined?(@new) ? @new : (@new = false) end |
#pk ⇒ Object
Returns the primary key value identifying the model instance. Raises an Error
if this model does not have a primary key. If the model has a composite primary key, returns an array of values.
Artist[1].pk # => 1
Artist[[1, 2]].pk # => [1, 2]
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1371 def pk raise(Error, "No primary key is associated with this model") unless key = primary_key if key.is_a?(Array) vals = @values key.map{|k| vals[k]} else @values[key] end end |
#pk_hash ⇒ Object
Returns a hash mapping the receivers primary key column(s) to their values.
Artist[1].pk_hash # => {:id=>1}
Artist[[1, 2]].pk_hash # => {:id1=>1, :id2=>2}
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1385 def pk_hash model.primary_key_hash(pk) end |
#refresh ⇒ Object
Reloads attributes from database and returns self. Also clears all changed_columns information. Raises an Error
if the record no longer exists in the database.
a = Artist[1]
a.name = 'Jim'
a.refresh
a.name # => 'Bob'
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1397 def refresh raise Sequel::Error, "can't refresh frozen object" if frozen? _refresh(this) self end |
#reload ⇒ Object
Alias of refresh, but not aliased directly to make overriding in a plugin easier.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1404 def reload refresh end |
#save(opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object
Creates or updates the record, after making sure the record is valid and before hooks execute successfully. Fails if:
-
the record is not valid, or
-
before_save returns false, or
-
the record is new and before_create returns false, or
-
the record is not new and before_update returns false.
If save
fails and either raise_on_save_failure or the :raise_on_failure option is true, it raises ValidationFailed or HookFailed. Otherwise it returns nil.
If it succeeds, it returns self.
You can provide an optional list of columns to update, in which case it only updates those columns, or a options hash.
Takes the following options:
- :changed
-
save all changed columns, instead of all columns or the columns given
- :columns
-
array of specific columns that should be saved.
- :raise_on_failure
-
set to true or false to override the current
raise_on_save_failure
setting - :server
-
set the server/shard on the object before saving, and use that server/shard in any transaction.
- :transaction
-
set to true or false to override the current
use_transactions
setting - :validate
-
set to false to skip validation
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1436 def save(opts=OPTS) raise Sequel::Error, "can't save frozen object" if frozen? set_server(opts[:server]) if opts[:server] if opts[:validate] != false unless checked_save_failure(opts){_valid?(true, opts)} raise(ValidationFailed.new(self)) if raise_on_failure?(opts) return end end checked_save_failure(opts){checked_transaction(opts){_save(opts)}} end |
#save_changes(opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object
Saves only changed columns if the object has been modified. If the object has not been modified, returns nil. If unable to save, returns false unless raise_on_save_failure
is true.
a = Artist[1]
a.save_changes # => nil
a.name = 'Jim'
a.save_changes # UPDATE artists SET name = 'Bob' WHERE (id = 1)
# => #<Artist {:id=>1, :name=>'Jim', ...}
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1457 def save_changes(opts=OPTS) save(opts.merge(:changed=>true)) || false if modified? end |
#set(hash) ⇒ Object
Updates the instance with the supplied values with support for virtual attributes, raising an exception if a value is used that doesn’t have a setter method (or ignoring it if strict_param_setting = false
). Does not save the record.
artist.set(:name=>'Jim')
artist.name # => 'Jim'
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1468 def set(hash) set_restricted(hash, :default) end |
#set_all(hash) ⇒ Object
Set all values using the entries in the hash, ignoring any setting of allowed_columns in the model.
Artist.set_allowed_columns(:num_albums)
artist.set_all(:name=>'Jim')
artist.name # => 'Jim'
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1478 def set_all(hash) set_restricted(hash, :all) end |
#set_fields(hash, fields, opts = nil) ⇒ Object
For each of the fields in the given array fields
, call the setter method with the value of that hash
entry for the field. Returns self.
You can provide an options hash, with the following options currently respected:
- :missing
-
Can be set to :skip to skip missing entries or :raise to raise an Error for missing entries. The default behavior is not to check for missing entries, in which case the default value is used. To be friendly with most web frameworks, the missing check will also check for the string version of the argument in the hash if given a symbol.
Examples:
artist.set_fields({:name=>'Jim'}, [:name])
artist.name # => 'Jim'
artist.set_fields({:hometown=>'LA'}, [:name])
artist.name # => nil
artist.hometown # => 'Sac'
artist.name # => 'Jim'
artist.set_fields({}, [:name], :missing=>:skip)
artist.name # => 'Jim'
artist.name # => 'Jim'
artist.set_fields({}, [:name], :missing=>:raise)
# Sequel::Error raised
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1508 def set_fields(hash, fields, opts=nil) opts = if opts model..merge(opts) else model. end case opts[:missing] when :skip fields.each do |f| if hash.has_key?(f) send("#{f}=", hash[f]) elsif f.is_a?(Symbol) && hash.has_key?(sf = f.to_s) send("#{sf}=", hash[sf]) end end when :raise fields.each do |f| if hash.has_key?(f) send("#{f}=", hash[f]) elsif f.is_a?(Symbol) && hash.has_key?(sf = f.to_s) send("#{sf}=", hash[sf]) else raise(Sequel::Error, "missing field in hash: #{f.inspect} not in #{hash.inspect}") end end else fields.each{|f| send("#{f}=", hash[f])} end self end |
#set_only(hash, *only) ⇒ Object
Set the values using the entries in the hash, only if the key is included in only. It may be a better idea to use set_fields
instead of this method.
artist.set_only({:name=>'Jim'}, :name)
artist.name # => 'Jim'
artist.set_only({:hometown=>'LA'}, :name) # Raise Error
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1548 def set_only(hash, *only) set_restricted(hash, only.flatten) end |
#set_server(s) ⇒ Object
Set the shard that this object is tied to. Returns self.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1553 def set_server(s) @server = s @this.opts[:server] = s if @this self end |
#singleton_method_added(meth) ⇒ Object
Clear the setter_methods cache when a method is added
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1560 def singleton_method_added(meth) @singleton_setter_added = true if meth.to_s =~ SETTER_METHOD_REGEXP super end |
#this ⇒ Object
Returns (naked) dataset that should return only this instance.
Artist[1].this
# SELECT * FROM artists WHERE (id = 1) LIMIT 1
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1569 def this @this ||= use_server(model.instance_dataset.filter(pk_hash)) end |
#update(hash) ⇒ Object
Runs #set with the passed hash and then runs save_changes.
artist.update(:name=>'Jim') # UPDATE artists SET name = 'Jim' WHERE (id = 1)
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1576 def update(hash) update_restricted(hash, :default) end |
#update_all(hash) ⇒ Object
Update all values using the entries in the hash, ignoring any setting of allowed_columns
in the model.
Artist.set_allowed_columns(:num_albums)
artist.update_all(:name=>'Jim') # UPDATE artists SET name = 'Jim' WHERE (id = 1)
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1585 def update_all(hash) update_restricted(hash, :all) end |
#update_fields(hash, fields, opts = nil) ⇒ Object
Update the instances values by calling set_fields
with the arguments, then saves any changes to the record. Returns self.
artist.update_fields({:name=>'Jim'}, [:name])
# UPDATE artists SET name = 'Jim' WHERE (id = 1)
artist.update_fields({:hometown=>'LA'}, [:name])
# UPDATE artists SET name = NULL WHERE (id = 1)
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1597 def update_fields(hash, fields, opts=nil) set_fields(hash, fields, opts) save_changes end |
#update_only(hash, *only) ⇒ Object
Update the values using the entries in the hash, only if the key is included in only. It may be a better idea to use update_fields
instead of this method.
artist.update_only({:name=>'Jim'}, :name)
# UPDATE artists SET name = 'Jim' WHERE (id = 1)
artist.update_only({:hometown=>'LA'}, :name) # Raise Error
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1610 def update_only(hash, *only) update_restricted(hash, only.flatten) end |
#use_prepared_statements_for?(type) ⇒ Boolean
Whether prepared statements should be used for the given type of query (:insert, :insert_select, :refresh, :update, or :delete). True by default, can be overridden in other plugins to disallow prepared statements for specific types of queries.
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# File 'lib/sequel/plugins/prepared_statements.rb', line 8 def use_prepared_statements_for?(type) true end |
#valid?(opts = OPTS) ⇒ Boolean
Validates the object and returns true if no errors are reported.
artist(:name=>'Valid').valid? # => true
artist(:name=>'Invalid').valid? # => false
artist.errors. # => ['name cannot be Invalid']
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1628 def valid?(opts = OPTS) _valid?(false, opts) end |
#validate ⇒ Object
Validates the object. If the object is invalid, errors should be added to the errors attribute. By default, does nothing, as all models are valid by default. See the “Model Validations” guide. for details about validation. Should not be called directly by user code, call valid?
instead to check if an object is valid.
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# File 'lib/sequel/model/base.rb', line 1620 def validate end |