Class: StateMachine::State

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Includes:
Assertions
Defined in:
lib/state_machine/state.rb

Overview

A state defines a value that an attribute can be in after being transitioned 0 or more times. States can represent a value of any type in Ruby, though the most common (and default) type is String.

In addition to defining the machine’s value, a state can also define a behavioral context for an object when that object is in the state. See StateMachine::Machine#state for more information about how state-driven behavior can be utilized.

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from Assertions

#assert_exclusive_keys, #assert_valid_keys

Constructor Details

#initialize(machine, name, options = {}) ⇒ State

Creates a new state within the context of the given machine.

Configuration options:

  • :initial - Whether this state is the beginning state for the machine. Default is false.

  • :value - The value to store when an object transitions to this state. Default is the name (stringified).

  • :cache - If a dynamic value (via a lambda block) is being used, then setting this to true will cache the evaluated result

  • :if - Determines whether a value matches this state (e.g. :value => lambda Time.now, :if => lambda {|state| !state.nil?}). By default, the configured value is matched.

  • :human_name - The human-readable version of this state’s name



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 63

def initialize(machine, name, options = {}) #:nodoc:
  assert_valid_keys(options, :initial, :value, :cache, :if, :human_name)
  
  @machine = machine
  @name = name
  @qualified_name = name && machine.namespace ? :"#{machine.namespace}_#{name}" : name
  @human_name = options[:human_name] || (@name ? @name.to_s.tr('_', ' ') : 'nil')
  @value = options.include?(:value) ? options[:value] : name && name.to_s
  @cache = options[:cache]
  @matcher = options[:if]
  @methods = {}
  @initial = options[:initial] == true
  
  if name
    conflicting_machines = machine.owner_class.state_machines.select {|other_name, other_machine| other_machine != machine && other_machine.states[qualified_name, :qualified_name]}
    
    # Output a warning if another machine has a conflicting qualified name
    # for a different attribute
    if conflict = conflicting_machines.detect {|other_name, other_machine| other_machine.attribute != machine.attribute}
      name, other_machine = conflict
      warn "State #{qualified_name.inspect} for #{machine.name.inspect} is already defined in #{other_machine.name.inspect}"
    elsif conflicting_machines.empty?
      # Only bother adding predicates when another machine for the same
      # attribute hasn't already done so
      add_predicate
    end
  end
end

Instance Attribute Details

#cache ⇒ Object

Whether this state’s value should be cached after being evaluated



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 34

def cache
  @cache
end

#human_name(klass = @machine.owner_class) ⇒ Object

Transforms the state name into a more human-readable format, such as “first gear” instead of “first_gear”



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 115

def human_name(klass = @machine.owner_class)
  @human_name.is_a?(Proc) ? @human_name.call(self, klass) : @human_name
end

#initial ⇒ Object Also known as: initial?

Whether or not this state is the initial state to use for new objects



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 37

def initial
  @initial
end

#machine ⇒ Object

The state machine for which this state is defined



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 17

def machine
  @machine
end

#matcher ⇒ Object

A custom lambda block for determining whether a given value matches this state



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 42

def matcher
  @matcher
end

#methods ⇒ Object (readonly)

Tracks all of the methods that have been defined for the machine’s owner class when objects are in this state.

Maps :method_name => UnboundMethod



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 48

def methods
  @methods
end

#name ⇒ Object (readonly)

The unique identifier for the state used in event and callback definitions



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 20

def name
  @name
end

#qualified_name ⇒ Object (readonly)

The fully-qualified identifier for the state, scoped by the machine’s namespace



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 24

def qualified_name
  @qualified_name
end

#value(eval = true) ⇒ Object

The value that represents this state. This will optionally evaluate the original block if it’s a lambda block. Otherwise, the static value is returned.

For example,

State.new(machine, :parked, :value => 1).value                        # => 1
State.new(machine, :parked, :value => lambda {Time.now}).value        # => Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 2008
State.new(machine, :parked, :value => lambda {Time.now}).value(false) # => <Proc:0xb6ea7ca0@...>



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 148

def value(eval = true)
  if @value.is_a?(Proc) && eval
    if cache_value?
      @value = @value.call
      machine.states.update(self)
      @value
    else
      @value.call
    end
  else
    @value
  end
end

Instance Method Details

#call(object, method, method_missing = nil, *args, &block) ⇒ Object

Calls a method defined in this state’s context on the given object. All arguments and any block will be passed into the method defined.

If the method has never been defined for this state, then a NoMethodError will be raised.



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 216

def call(object, method, method_missing = nil, *args, &block)
  if machine.states.matches?(object, name) && context_method = methods[method.to_sym]
    # Method is defined by the state: proxy it through
    context_method.bind(object).call(*args, &block)
  else
    # Dispatch to the superclass since the object either isn't in this state
    # or this state doesn't handle the method
    method_missing.call if method_missing
  end
end

#context(&block) ⇒ Object

Defines a context for the state which will be enabled on instances of the owner class when the machine is in this state.

This can be called multiple times. Each time a new context is created, a new module will be included in the owner class.



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 186

def context(&block)
  machine_name = machine.name
  
  # Evaluate the method definitions
  context = StateContext.new(self)
  context.class_eval(&block)
  context.instance_methods.each do |method|
    methods[method.to_sym] = context.instance_method(method)
    
    # Calls the method defined by the current state of the machine
    context.class_eval <<-end_eval, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
      remove_method :#{method}
      def #{method}(*args, &block)
        self.class.state_machine(#{machine_name.inspect}).states.fetch(#{name.inspect}).call(self, #{method.inspect}, lambda {super(*args, &block)}, *args, &block)
      end
    end_eval
  end
  
  # Include the context so that it can be bound to the owner class (the
  # context is considered an ancestor, so it's allowed to be bound)
  machine.owner_class.class_eval { include context }
  
  context
end

#description(options = {}) ⇒ Object

Generates a human-readable description of this state’s name / value:

For example,

State.new(machine, :parked).description                               # => "parked"
State.new(machine, :parked, :value => :parked).description            # => "parked"
State.new(machine, :parked, :value => nil).description                # => "parked (nil)"
State.new(machine, :parked, :value => 1).description                  # => "parked (1)"
State.new(machine, :parked, :value => lambda {Time.now}).description  # => "parked (*)

Configuration options:

  • :human_name - Whether to use this state’s human name in the description or just the internal name



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 132

def description(options = {})
  label = options[:human_name] ? human_name : name
  description = label ? label.to_s : label.inspect
  description << " (#{@value.is_a?(Proc) ? '*' : @value.inspect})" unless name.to_s == @value.to_s
  description
end

#draw(graph, options = {}) ⇒ Object

Draws a representation of this state on the given machine. This will create a new node on the graph with the following properties:

  • label - The human-friendly description of the state.

  • width - The width of the node. Always 1.

  • height - The height of the node. Always 1.

  • shape - The actual shape of the node. If the state is a final state, then “doublecircle”, otherwise “ellipse”.

Configuration options:

  • :human_name - Whether to use the state’s human name for the node’s label that gets drawn on the graph



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 238

def draw(graph, options = {})
  node = graph.add_nodes(name ? name.to_s : 'nil',
    :label => description(options),
    :width => '1',
    :height => '1',
    :shape => final? ? 'doublecircle' : 'ellipse'
  )
  
  # Add open arrow for initial state
  graph.add_edges(graph.add_nodes('starting_state', :shape => 'point'), node) if initial?
  
  true
end

#final? ⇒ Boolean

Determines whether there are any states that can be transitioned to from this state. If there are none, then this state is considered final. Any objects in a final state will remain so forever given the current machine’s definition.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 103

def final?
  !machine.events.any? do |event|
    event.branches.any? do |branch|
      branch.state_requirements.any? do |requirement|
        requirement[:from].matches?(name) && !requirement[:to].matches?(name, :from => name)
      end
    end
  end
end

#initialize_copy(orig) ⇒ Object

Creates a copy of this state in addition to the list of associated methods to prevent conflicts across different states.



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 94

def initialize_copy(orig) #:nodoc:
  super
  @methods = methods.dup
end

#inspect ⇒ Object

Generates a nicely formatted description of this state’s contents.

For example,

state = StateMachine::State.new(machine, :parked, :value => 1, :initial => true)
state   # => #<StateMachine::State name=:parked value=1 initial=true context=[]>



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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 258

def inspect
  attributes = [[:name, name], [:value, @value], [:initial, initial?], [:context, methods.keys]]
  "#<#{self.class} #{attributes.map {|attr, value| "#{attr}=#{value.inspect}"} * ' '}>"
end

#matches?(other_value) ⇒ Boolean

Determines whether this state matches the given value. If no matcher is configured, then this will check whether the values are equivalent. Otherwise, the matcher will determine the result.

For example,

# Without a matcher
state = State.new(machine, :parked, :value => 1)
state.matches?(1)           # => true
state.matches?(2)           # => false

# With a matcher
state = State.new(machine, :parked, :value => lambda {Time.now}, :if => lambda {|value| !value.nil?})
state.matches?(nil)         # => false
state.matches?(Time.now)    # => true

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/state_machine/state.rb', line 177

def matches?(other_value)
  matcher ? matcher.call(other_value) : other_value == value
end