Module: Paperclip::ClassMethods

Defined in:
lib/paperclip.rb

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#attachment_definitions ⇒ Object

Returns the attachment definitions defined by each call to has_attached_file.



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# File 'lib/paperclip.rb', line 313

def attachment_definitions
  read_inheritable_attribute(:attachment_definitions)
end

#has_attached_file(name, options = {}) ⇒ Object

has_attached_file gives the class it is called on an attribute that maps to a file. This is typically a file stored somewhere on the filesystem and has been uploaded by a user. The attribute returns a Paperclip::Attachment object which handles the management of that file. The intent is to make the attachment as much like a normal attribute. The thumbnails will be created when the new file is assigned, but they will not be saved until save is called on the record. Likewise, if the attribute is set to nil is called on it, the attachment will not be deleted until save is called. See the Paperclip::Attachment documentation for more specifics. There are a number of options you can set to change the behavior of a Paperclip attachment:

  • url: The full URL of where the attachment is publically accessible. This can just as easily point to a directory served directly through Apache as it can to an action that can control permissions. You can specify the full domain and path, but usually just an absolute path is sufficient. The leading slash must be included manually for absolute paths. The default value is “/system/:attachment/:id/:style/:filename”. See Paperclip::Attachment#interpolate for more information on variable interpolaton.

    :url => "/:class/:attachment/:id/:style_:filename"
:url => "http://some.other.host/stuff/:class/:id_:extension"

  • default_url: The URL that will be returned if there is no attachment assigned. This field is interpolated just as the url is. The default value is “/:attachment/:style/missing.png”

    has_attached_file :avatar, :default_url => "/images/default_:style_avatar.png"
User.new.avatar_url(:small) # => "/images/default_small_avatar.png"

  • styles: A hash of thumbnail styles and their geometries. You can find more about geometry strings at the ImageMagick website (www.imagemagick.org/script/command-line-options.php#resize). Paperclip also adds the “#” option (e.g. “50x50#”), which will resize the image to fit maximally inside the dimensions and then crop the rest off (weighted at the center). The default value is to generate no thumbnails.

  • default_style: The thumbnail style that will be used by default URLs. Defaults to original.

    has_attached_file :avatar, :styles => { :normal => "100x100#" },
                  :default_style => :normal
user.avatar.url # => "/avatars/23/normal_me.png"

  • whiny: Will raise an error if Paperclip cannot post_process an uploaded file due to a command line error. This will override the global setting for this attachment. Defaults to true. This option used to be called :whiny_thumbanils, but this is deprecated.

  • convert_options: When creating thumbnails, use this free-form options field to pass in various convert command options. Typical options are “-strip” to remove all Exif data from the image (save space for thumbnails and avatars) or “-depth 8” to specify the bit depth of the resulting conversion. See ImageMagick convert documentation for more options: (www.imagemagick.org/script/convert.php) Note that this option takes a hash of options, each of which correspond to the style of thumbnail being generated. You can also specify :all as a key, which will apply to all of the thumbnails being generated. If you specify options for the :original, it would be best if you did not specify destructive options, as the intent of keeping the original around is to regenerate all the thumbnails when requirements change.

    has_attached_file :avatar, :styles => { :large => "300x300", :negative => "100x100" }
                           :convert_options => {
                             :all => "-strip",
                             :negative => "-negate"
                           }

    NOTE: While not deprecated yet, it is not recommended to specify options this way. It is recommended that :convert_options option be included in the hash passed to each :styles for compatability with future versions.

  • storage: Chooses the storage backend where the files will be stored. The current choices are :filesystem and :s3. The default is :filesystem. Make sure you read the documentation for Paperclip::Storage::Filesystem and Paperclip::Storage::S3 for backend-specific options.



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# File 'lib/paperclip.rb', line 214

def has_attached_file name, options = {}
  include InstanceMethods

  write_inheritable_attribute(:attachment_definitions, {}) if attachment_definitions.nil?
  attachment_definitions[name] = {:validations => []}.merge(options)

  after_save :save_attached_files
  before_destroy :destroy_attached_files

  define_callbacks :before_post_process, :after_post_process
  define_callbacks :"before_#{name}_post_process", :"after_#{name}_post_process"
 
  define_method name do |*args|
    a = attachment_for(name)
    (args.length > 0) ? a.to_s(args.first) : a
  end

  define_method "#{name}=" do |file|
    attachment_for(name).assign(file)
  end

  define_method "#{name}?" do
    attachment_for(name).file?
  end

  validates_each(name) do |record, attr, value|
    attachment = record.attachment_for(name)
    attachment.send(:flush_errors) unless attachment.valid?
  end
end

#validates_attachment_content_type(name, options = {}) ⇒ Object

Places ActiveRecord-style validations on the content type of the file assigned. The possible options are:

  • content_type: Allowed content types. Can be a single content type or an array. Each type can be a String or a Regexp. It should be noted that Internet Explorer upload files with content_types that you may not expect. For example, JPEG images are given image/pjpeg and PNGs are image/x-png, so keep that in mind when determining how you match. Allows all by default.

  • message: The message to display when the uploaded file has an invalid content type.

  • if: A lambda or name of a method on the instance. Validation will only be run is this lambda or method returns true.

  • unless: Same as if but validates if lambda or method returns false.

NOTE: If you do not specify an [attachment]_content_type field on your model, content_type validation will work _ONLY upon assignment_ and re-validation after the instance has been reloaded will always succeed.



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# File 'lib/paperclip.rb', line 304

def validates_attachment_content_type name, options = {}
  attachment_definitions[name][:validations] << [:content_type, {:content_type => options[:content_type],
                                                                 :message      => options[:message],
                                                                 :if           => options[:if],
                                                                 :unless       => options[:unless]}]
end

#validates_attachment_presence(name, options = {}) ⇒ Object

Places ActiveRecord-style validations on the presence of a file. Options:

  • if: A lambda or name of a method on the instance. Validation will only be run is this lambda or method returns true.

  • unless: Same as if but validates if lambda or method returns false.



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# File 'lib/paperclip.rb', line 281

def validates_attachment_presence name, options = {}
  message = options[:message] || "must be set."
  attachment_definitions[name][:validations] << [:presence, {:message => message,
                                                             :if      => options[:if],
                                                             :unless  => options[:unless]}]
end

#validates_attachment_size(name, options = {}) ⇒ Object

Places ActiveRecord-style validations on the size of the file assigned. The possible options are:

  • in: a Range of bytes (i.e. 1..1.megabyte),

  • less_than: equivalent to :in => 0..options

  • greater_than: equivalent to :in => options..Infinity

  • message: error message to display, use :min and :max as replacements

  • if: A lambda or name of a method on the instance. Validation will only be run is this lambda or method returns true.

  • unless: Same as if but validates if lambda or method returns false.



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# File 'lib/paperclip.rb', line 254

def validates_attachment_size name, options = {}
  min     = options[:greater_than] || (options[:in] && options[:in].first) || 0
  max     = options[:less_than]    || (options[:in] && options[:in].last)  || (1.0/0)
  range   = (min..max)
  message = options[:message] || "file size must be between :min and :max bytes."

  attachment_definitions[name][:validations] << [:size, {:min     => min,
                                                         :max     => max,
                                                         :range   => range,
                                                         :message => message,
                                                         :if      => options[:if],
                                                         :unless  => options[:unless]}]
end

#validates_attachment_thumbnails(name, options = {}) ⇒ Object

Adds errors if thumbnail creation fails. The same as specifying :whiny_thumbnails => true.



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# File 'lib/paperclip.rb', line 269

def validates_attachment_thumbnails name, options = {}
  warn('[DEPRECATION] validates_attachment_thumbnail is deprecated. ' +
       'This validation is on by default and will be removed from future versions. ' +
       'If you wish to turn it off, supply :whiny => false in your definition.')
  attachment_definitions[name][:whiny_thumbnails] = true
end