Module: Sequel::Plugins::RcteTree

Defined in:

lib/sequel/plugins/rcte_tree.rb

Overview

Overview

The rcte_tree plugin deals with tree structured data stored in the database using the adjacency list model (where child rows have a foreign key pointing to the parent rows), using recursive common table expressions to load all ancestors in a single query, all descendants in a single query, and all descendants to a given level (where level 1 is children, level 2 is children and grandchildren etc.) in a single query.

Usage

The rcte_tree plugin adds four associations to the model: parent, children, ancestors, and descendants. Both the parent and children are fairly standard many_to_one and one_to_many associations, respectively. However, the ancestors and descendants associations are special. Both the ancestors and descendants associations will automatically set the parent and children associations, respectively, for current object and all of the ancestor or descendant objects, whenever they are loaded (either eagerly or lazily). Additionally, the descendants association can take a level argument when called eagerly, which limits the returned objects to only that many levels in the tree (see the Overview).

Model.plugin :rcte_tree

# Lazy loading
model = Model.first
model.parent
model.children
model.ancestors # Populates :parent association for all ancestors
model.descendants # Populates :children association for all descendants

# Eager loading - also populates the :parent and children associations
# for all ancestors and descendants
Model.where(id: [1, 2]).eager(:ancestors, :descendants).all

# Eager loading children and grandchildren
Model.where(id: [1, 2]).eager(descendants: 2).all
# Eager loading children, grandchildren, and great grandchildren
Model.where(id: [1, 2]).eager(descendants: 3).all

Options

You can override the options for any specific association by making sure the plugin options contain one of the following keys:

:parent

hash of options for the parent association

:children

hash of options for the children association

:ancestors

hash of options for the ancestors association

:descendants

hash of options for the descendants association

Note that you can change the name of the above associations by specifying a :name key in the appropriate hash of options above. For example:

Model.plugin :rcte_tree, parent: {name: :mother},
 children: {name: :daughters}, descendants: {name: :offspring}

Any other keys in the main options hash are treated as options shared by all of the associations. Here’s a few options that affect the plugin:

:key

The foreign key in the table that points to the primary key of the parent (default: :parent_id)

:primary_key

The primary key to use (default: the model’s primary key)

:key_alias

The symbol identifier to use for aliasing when eager loading (default: :x_root_x)

:cte_name

The symbol identifier to use for the common table expression (default: :t)

:level_alias

The symbol identifier to use when eagerly loading descendants up to a given level (default: :x_level_x)

:union_all

Whether to use UNION ALL or UNION with the recursive common table expression (default: true)

Class Method Summary

• .apply(model, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

  Create the appropriate parent, children, ancestors, and descendants associations for the model.

Class Method Details

.apply(model, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Create the appropriate parent, children, ancestors, and descendants associations for the model.

# File 'lib/sequel/plugins/rcte_tree.rb', line 79

def self.apply(model, opts=OPTS)
  model.plugin :tree, opts

  opts = opts.dup
  opts[:class] = model
  opts[:methods_module] = Module.new
  opts[:union_all] = opts[:union_all].nil? ? true : opts[:union_all]
  model.send(:include, opts[:methods_module])
  
  key = opts[:key] ||= :parent_id
  prkey = opts[:primary_key] ||= model.primary_key
  ka = opts[:key_alias] ||= :x_root_x
  t = opts[:cte_name] ||= :t
  c_all = if model.dataset.recursive_cte_requires_column_aliases?
    # Work around Oracle/ruby-oci8 bug that returns integers as BigDecimals in recursive queries.
    conv_bd = model.db.database_type == :oracle
    col_aliases = model.dataset.columns
    model_table = model.table_name
    col_aliases.map{|c| SQL::QualifiedIdentifier.new(model_table, c)}
  else
    [SQL::ColumnAll.new(model.table_name)]
  end
  
  bd_conv = lambda{|v| conv_bd && v.is_a?(BigDecimal) ? v.to_i : v}

  key_array = Array(key)
  prkey_array = Array(prkey)
  if key.is_a?(Array)
    key_conv = lambda{|m| key_array.map{|k| m[k]}}
    key_present = lambda{|m| key_conv[m].all?}
    prkey_conv = lambda{|m| prkey_array.map{|k| m[k]}}
    key_aliases = (0...key_array.length).map{|i| :"#{ka}_#{i}"}
    ancestor_base_case_columns = prkey_array.zip(key_aliases).map{|k, ka_| SQL::AliasedExpression.new(k, ka_)} + c_all
    descendant_base_case_columns = key_array.zip(key_aliases).map{|k, ka_| SQL::AliasedExpression.new(k, ka_)} + c_all
    recursive_case_columns = prkey_array.zip(key_aliases).map{|k, ka_| SQL::QualifiedIdentifier.new(t, ka_)} + c_all
    extract_key_alias = lambda{|m| key_aliases.map{|ka_| bd_conv[m.values.delete(ka_)]}}
  else
    key_present = key_conv = lambda{|m| m[key]}
    prkey_conv = lambda{|m| m[prkey]}
    key_aliases = [ka]
    ancestor_base_case_columns = [SQL::AliasedExpression.new(prkey, ka)] + c_all
    descendant_base_case_columns = [SQL::AliasedExpression.new(key, ka)] + c_all
    recursive_case_columns = [SQL::QualifiedIdentifier.new(t, ka)] + c_all
    extract_key_alias = lambda{|m| bd_conv[m.values.delete(ka)]}
  end
  
  parent = opts.merge(opts.fetch(:parent, OPTS)).fetch(:name, :parent)
  childrena = opts.merge(opts.fetch(:children, OPTS)).fetch(:name, :children)
  
  opts[:reciprocal] = nil
  a = opts.merge(opts.fetch(:ancestors, OPTS))
  ancestors = a.fetch(:name, :ancestors)
  a[:read_only] = true unless a.has_key?(:read_only)
  a[:eager_grapher] = proc do |_|
    raise Sequel::Error, "the #{ancestors} association for #{self} does not support eager graphing"
  end
  a[:eager_loader_key] = key
  a[:dataset] ||= proc do
    base_ds = model.where(prkey_array.zip(key_array.map{|k| get_column_value(k)}))
    recursive_ds = model.join(t, key_array.zip(prkey_array))
    if c = a[:conditions]
      (base_ds, recursive_ds) = [base_ds, recursive_ds].map do |ds|
        (c.is_a?(Array) && !Sequel.condition_specifier?(c)) ? ds.where(*c) : ds.where(c)
      end
    end
    table_alias = model.dataset.schema_and_table(model.table_name)[1].to_sym
    model.from(SQL::AliasedExpression.new(t, table_alias)).
     with_recursive(t, col_aliases ? base_ds.select(*col_aliases) : base_ds.select_all,
      recursive_ds.select(*c_all),
      :args=>col_aliases, union_all: opts[:union_all])
  end
  aal = Array(a[:after_load])
  aal << proc do |m, ancs|
    unless m.associations.has_key?(parent)
      parent_map = {prkey_conv[m]=>m}
      child_map = {}
      child_map[key_conv[m]] = m if key_present[m]
      m.associations[parent] = nil
      ancs.each do |obj|
        obj.associations[parent] = nil
        parent_map[prkey_conv[obj]] = obj
        if ok = key_conv[obj]
          child_map[ok] = obj
        end
      end
      parent_map.each do |parent_id, obj|
        if child = child_map[parent_id]
          child.associations[parent] = obj
        end
      end
    end
  end
  a[:after_load] ||= aal
  a[:eager_loader] ||= proc do |eo|
    id_map = eo[:id_map]
    parent_map = {}
    children_map = {}
    Sequel.synchronize_with(eo[:mutex]) do
      eo[:rows].each do |obj|
        parent_map[prkey_conv[obj]] = obj
        (children_map[key_conv[obj]] ||= []) << obj
        obj.associations[ancestors] = []
        obj.associations[parent] = nil
      end
    end
    r = model.association_reflection(ancestors)
    base_case = model.where(prkey=>id_map.keys).
     select(*ancestor_base_case_columns)
    recursive_case = model.join(t, key_array.zip(prkey_array)).
     select(*recursive_case_columns)
    if c = r[:conditions]
      (base_case, recursive_case) = [base_case, recursive_case].map do |ds|
        (c.is_a?(Array) && !Sequel.condition_specifier?(c)) ? ds.where(*c) : ds.where(c)
      end
    end
    table_alias = model.dataset.schema_and_table(model.table_name)[1].to_sym
    ds = model.from(SQL::AliasedExpression.new(t, table_alias)).
      with_recursive(t, base_case, recursive_case,
       :args=>((key_aliases + col_aliases) if col_aliases), union_all: opts[:union_all])
    ds = r.apply_eager_dataset_changes(ds)
    ds = ds.select_append(ka) unless ds.opts[:select] == nil
    model.eager_load_results(r, eo.merge(:loader=>false, :initialize_rows=>false, :dataset=>ds, :id_map=>nil)) do |obj|
      opk = prkey_conv[obj]
      if idm_obj = parent_map[opk]
        key_aliases.each{|ka_| idm_obj.values[ka_] = obj.values[ka_]}
        obj = idm_obj
      else
        obj.associations[parent] = nil
        parent_map[opk] = obj
        (children_map[key_conv[obj]] ||= []) << obj
      end
      
      id_map[extract_key_alias[obj]].each do |root|
        root.associations[ancestors] << obj
      end
    end
    Sequel.synchronize_with(eo[:mutex]) do
      parent_map.each do |parent_id, obj|
        if children = children_map[parent_id]
          children.each do |child|
            child.associations[parent] = obj
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
  model.one_to_many ancestors, a
  
  d = opts.merge(opts.fetch(:descendants, OPTS))
  descendants = d.fetch(:name, :descendants)
  d[:read_only] = true unless d.has_key?(:read_only)
  d[:eager_grapher] = proc do |_|
    raise Sequel::Error, "the #{descendants} association for #{self} does not support eager graphing"
  end
  la = d[:level_alias] ||= :x_level_x
  d[:dataset] ||= proc do
    base_ds = model.where(key_array.zip(prkey_array.map{|k| get_column_value(k)}))
    recursive_ds = model.join(t, prkey_array.zip(key_array))
    if c = d[:conditions]
      (base_ds, recursive_ds) = [base_ds, recursive_ds].map do |ds|
        (c.is_a?(Array) && !Sequel.condition_specifier?(c)) ? ds.where(*c) : ds.where(c)
      end
    end
    table_alias = model.dataset.schema_and_table(model.table_name)[1].to_sym
    model.from(SQL::AliasedExpression.new(t, table_alias)).
     with_recursive(t, col_aliases ? base_ds.select(*col_aliases) : base_ds.select_all,
      recursive_ds.select(*c_all),
      :args=>col_aliases, union_all: opts[:union_all])
    end
  dal = Array(d[:after_load])
  dal << proc do |m, descs|
    unless m.associations.has_key?(childrena)
      parent_map = {prkey_conv[m]=>m}
      children_map = {}
      m.associations[childrena] = []
      descs.each do |obj|
        obj.associations[childrena] = []
        if opk = prkey_conv[obj]
          parent_map[opk] = obj
        end
        if ok = key_conv[obj]
          (children_map[ok] ||= []) << obj
        end
      end
      children_map.each do |parent_id, objs|
        parent_obj = parent_map[parent_id]
        parent_obj.associations[childrena] = objs
        objs.each do |obj|
          obj.associations[parent] = parent_obj
        end
      end
    end
  end
  d[:after_load] = dal
  d[:eager_loader] ||= proc do |eo|
    id_map = eo[:id_map]
    associations = eo[:associations]
    parent_map = {}
    children_map = {}
    Sequel.synchronize_with(eo[:mutex]) do
      eo[:rows].each do |obj|
        parent_map[prkey_conv[obj]] = obj
        obj.associations[descendants] = []
        obj.associations[childrena] = []
      end
    end
    r = model.association_reflection(descendants)
    base_case = model.where(key=>id_map.keys).
     select(*descendant_base_case_columns)
    recursive_case = model.join(t, prkey_array.zip(key_array)).
     select(*recursive_case_columns)
    if c = r[:conditions]
      (base_case, recursive_case) = [base_case, recursive_case].map do |ds|
        (c.is_a?(Array) && !Sequel.condition_specifier?(c)) ? ds.where(*c) : ds.where(c)
      end
    end
    if associations.is_a?(Integer)
      level = associations
      no_cache_level = level - 1
      associations = {}
      base_case = base_case.select_append(SQL::AliasedExpression.new(Sequel.cast(0, Integer), la))
      recursive_case = recursive_case.select_append(SQL::AliasedExpression.new(SQL::QualifiedIdentifier.new(t, la) + 1, la)).where(SQL::QualifiedIdentifier.new(t, la) < level - 1)
    end
    table_alias = model.dataset.schema_and_table(model.table_name)[1].to_sym
    ds = model.from(SQL::AliasedExpression.new(t, table_alias)).
      with_recursive(t, base_case, recursive_case,
        :args=>((key_aliases + col_aliases + (level ? [la] : [])) if col_aliases), union_all: opts[:union_all])
    ds = r.apply_eager_dataset_changes(ds)
    ds = ds.select_append(ka) unless ds.opts[:select] == nil
    model.eager_load_results(r, eo.merge(:loader=>false, :initialize_rows=>false, :dataset=>ds, :id_map=>nil, :associations=>OPTS)) do |obj|
      if level
        no_cache = no_cache_level == obj.values.delete(la)
      end
      
      opk = prkey_conv[obj]
      if idm_obj = parent_map[opk]
        key_aliases.each{|ka_| idm_obj.values[ka_] = obj.values[ka_]}
        obj = idm_obj
      else
        obj.associations[childrena] = [] unless no_cache
        parent_map[opk] = obj
      end
      
      if root = id_map[extract_key_alias[obj]].first
        root.associations[descendants] << obj
      end
      
      (children_map[key_conv[obj]] ||= []) << obj
    end
    Sequel.synchronize_with(eo[:mutex]) do
      children_map.each do |parent_id, objs|
        objs = objs.uniq
        parent_obj = parent_map[parent_id]
        parent_obj.associations[childrena] = objs
        objs.each do |obj|
          obj.associations[parent] = parent_obj
        end
      end
    end
  end
  model.one_to_many descendants, d
end