Class: Net::HTTP

Inherits:
Protocol show all
Defined in:
lib/net/http.rb,
lib/net/http/backward.rb

Overview

:enddoc:

Defined Under Namespace

Modules: ProxyDelta Classes: Copy, Delete, Get, Head, Lock, Mkcol, Move, Options, Patch, Post, Propfind, Proppatch, Put, Trace, Unlock

Constant Summary collapse

VERSION =

:stopdoc:

"0.4.1"
HTTPVersion = 
'1.1'
SSL_IVNAMES = 
[
  :@ca_file,
  :@ca_path,
  :@cert,
  :@cert_store,
  :@ciphers,
  :@extra_chain_cert,
  :@key,
  :@ssl_timeout,
  :@ssl_version,
  :@min_version,
  :@max_version,
  :@verify_callback,
  :@verify_depth,
  :@verify_mode,
  :@verify_hostname,
]
SSL_ATTRIBUTES =

:nodoc:

[
  :ca_file,
  :ca_path,
  :cert,
  :cert_store,
  :ciphers,
  :extra_chain_cert,
  :key,
  :ssl_timeout,
  :ssl_version,
  :min_version,
  :max_version,
  :verify_callback,
  :verify_depth,
  :verify_mode,
  :verify_hostname,
]
STATUS_CODES = 
{
  100 => 'Continue',
  101 => 'Switching Protocols',
  102 => 'Processing',
  103 => 'Early Hints',
  200 => 'OK',
  201 => 'Created',
  202 => 'Accepted',
  203 => 'Non-Authoritative Information',
  204 => 'No Content',
  205 => 'Reset Content',
  206 => 'Partial Content',
  207 => 'Multi-Status',
  208 => 'Already Reported',
  226 => 'IM Used',
  300 => 'Multiple Choices',
  301 => 'Moved Permanently',
  302 => 'Found',
  303 => 'See Other',
  304 => 'Not Modified',
  305 => 'Use Proxy',
  307 => 'Temporary Redirect',
  308 => 'Permanent Redirect',
  400 => 'Bad Request',
  401 => 'Unauthorized',
  402 => 'Payment Required',
  403 => 'Forbidden',
  404 => 'Not Found',
  405 => 'Method Not Allowed',
  406 => 'Not Acceptable',
  407 => 'Proxy Authentication Required',
  408 => 'Request Timeout',
  409 => 'Conflict',
  410 => 'Gone',
  411 => 'Length Required',
  412 => 'Precondition Failed',
  413 => 'Content Too Large',
  414 => 'URI Too Long',
  415 => 'Unsupported Media Type',
  416 => 'Range Not Satisfiable',
  417 => 'Expectation Failed',
  421 => 'Misdirected Request',
  422 => 'Unprocessable Content',
  423 => 'Locked',
  424 => 'Failed Dependency',
  425 => 'Too Early',
  426 => 'Upgrade Required',
  428 => 'Precondition Required',
  429 => 'Too Many Requests',
  431 => 'Request Header Fields Too Large',
  451 => 'Unavailable For Legal Reasons',
  500 => 'Internal Server Error',
  501 => 'Not Implemented',
  502 => 'Bad Gateway',
  503 => 'Service Unavailable',
  504 => 'Gateway Timeout',
  505 => 'HTTP Version Not Supported',
  506 => 'Variant Also Negotiates',
  507 => 'Insufficient Storage',
  508 => 'Loop Detected',
  510 => 'Not Extended (OBSOLETED)',
  511 => 'Network Authentication Required',
}
ProxyMod = 
ProxyDelta

Class Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(address, port = nil) ⇒ HTTP

Creates a new Net::HTTP object for the specified server address, without opening the TCP connection or initializing the HTTP session. The address should be a DNS hostname or IP address.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1097

def initialize(address, port = nil) # :nodoc:
  @address = address
  @port    = (port || HTTP.default_port)
  @ipaddr = nil
  @local_host = nil
  @local_port = nil
  @curr_http_version = HTTPVersion
  @keep_alive_timeout = 2
  @last_communicated = nil
  @close_on_empty_response = false
  @socket  = nil
  @started = false
  @open_timeout = 60
  @read_timeout = 60
  @write_timeout = 60
  @continue_timeout = nil
  @max_retries = 1
  @debug_output = nil
  @response_body_encoding = false
  @ignore_eof = true

  @proxy_from_env = false
  @proxy_uri      = nil
  @proxy_address  = nil
  @proxy_port     = nil
  @proxy_user     = nil
  @proxy_pass     = nil

  @use_ssl = false
  @ssl_context = nil
  @ssl_session = nil
  @sspi_enabled = false
  SSL_IVNAMES.each do |ivname|
    instance_variable_set ivname, nil
  end
end

Class Attribute Details

.proxy_address ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the address of the proxy host, or nil if none; see Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1772

def proxy_address
  @proxy_address
end

.proxy_pass ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the password for accessing the proxy, or nil if none; see Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1784

def proxy_pass
  @proxy_pass
end

.proxy_port ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the port number of the proxy host, or nil if none; see Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1776

def proxy_port
  @proxy_port
end

.proxy_user ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the user name for accessing the proxy, or nil if none; see Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1780

def proxy_user
  @proxy_user
end

Instance Attribute Details

#address ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the string host name or host IP given as argument address in ::new.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1198

def address
  @address
end

#ca_file ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the path to a CA certification file in PEM format.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1483

def ca_file
  @ca_file
end

#ca_path ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the path of to CA directory containing certification files in PEM format.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1487

def ca_path
  @ca_path
end

#cert ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object to be used for client certification.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1491

def cert
  @cert
end

#cert_store ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the X509::Store to be used for verifying peer certificate.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1494

def cert_store
  @cert_store
end

#ciphers ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the available SSL ciphers. See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ciphers=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1498

def ciphers
  @ciphers
end

#close_on_empty_response ⇒ Object

Sets or returns whether to close the connection when the response is empty; initially false.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1425

def close_on_empty_response
  @close_on_empty_response
end

#continue_timeout ⇒ Object

Returns the continue timeout value; see continue_timeout=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1378

def continue_timeout
  @continue_timeout
end

#extra_chain_cert ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the extra X509 certificates to be added to the certificate chain. See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#add_certificate.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1502

def extra_chain_cert
  @extra_chain_cert
end

#ignore_eof ⇒ Object

Sets or returns whether to ignore end-of-file when reading a response body with Content-Length headers; initially true.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1401

def ignore_eof
  @ignore_eof
end

#keep_alive_timeout ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the numeric (Integer or Float) number of seconds to keep the connection open after a request is sent; initially 2. If a new request is made during the given interval, the still-open connection is used; otherwise the connection will have been closed and a new connection is opened.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1396

def keep_alive_timeout
  @keep_alive_timeout
end

#key ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1505

def key
  @key
end

#local_host ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the string local host used to establish the connection; initially nil.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1205

def local_host
  @local_host
end

#local_port ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the integer local port used to establish the connection; initially nil.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1209

def local_port
  @local_port
end

#max_retries ⇒ Object

Returns the maximum number of times to retry an idempotent request; see #max_retries=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1334

def max_retries
  @max_retries
end

#max_version ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the maximum SSL version. See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#max_version=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1520

def max_version
  @max_version
end

#min_version ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the minimum SSL version. See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#min_version=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1516

def min_version
  @min_version
end

#open_timeout ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the numeric (Integer or Float) number of seconds to wait for a connection to open; initially 60. If the connection is not made in the given interval, an exception is raised.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1300

def open_timeout
  @open_timeout
end

#port ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the integer port number given as argument port in ::new.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1201

def port
  @port
end

#proxy_address ⇒ Object Also known as: proxyaddr

Returns the address of the proxy server, if defined, nil otherwise; see Proxy Server.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1811

def proxy_address
  if @proxy_from_env then
    proxy_uri&.hostname
  else
    @proxy_address
  end
end

#proxy_from_env=(value) ⇒ Object (writeonly)

Sets whether to determine the proxy from environment variable ‘ENV['http_proxy']’; see Proxy Using ENV[‘http_proxy’].



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1241

def proxy_from_env=(value)
  @proxy_from_env = value
end

#proxy_pass ⇒ Object

Returns the password of the proxy server, if defined, nil otherwise; see Proxy Server.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1842

def proxy_pass
  if @proxy_from_env
    pass = proxy_uri&.password
    unescape(pass) if pass
  else
    @proxy_pass
  end
end

#proxy_port ⇒ Object Also known as: proxyport

Returns the port number of the proxy server, if defined, nil otherwise; see Proxy Server.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1821

def proxy_port
  if @proxy_from_env then
    proxy_uri&.port
  else
    @proxy_port
  end
end

#proxy_user ⇒ Object

Returns the user name of the proxy server, if defined, nil otherwise; see Proxy Server.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1831

def proxy_user
  if @proxy_from_env
    user = proxy_uri&.user
    unescape(user) if user
  else
    @proxy_user
  end
end

#read_timeout ⇒ Object

Returns the numeric (Integer or Float) number of seconds to wait for one block to be read (via one read(2) call); see #read_timeout=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1305

def read_timeout
  @read_timeout
end

#response_body_encoding ⇒ Object

Returns the encoding to use for the response body; see #response_body_encoding=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1213

def response_body_encoding
  @response_body_encoding
end

#ssl_timeout ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the SSL timeout seconds.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1508

def ssl_timeout
  @ssl_timeout
end

#ssl_version ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the SSL version. See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ssl_version=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1512

def ssl_version
  @ssl_version
end

#verify_callback ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the callback for the server certification verification.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1523

def verify_callback
  @verify_callback
end

#verify_depth ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1526

def verify_depth
  @verify_depth
end

#verify_hostname ⇒ Object

Sets or returns whether to verify that the server certificate is valid for the hostname. See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#verify_hostname=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1536

def verify_hostname
  @verify_hostname
end

#verify_mode ⇒ Object

Sets or returns the flags for server the certification verification at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session. OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE or OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER are acceptable.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1531

def verify_mode
  @verify_mode
end

#write_timeout ⇒ Object

Returns the numeric (Integer or Float) number of seconds to wait for one block to be written (via one write(2) call); see #write_timeout=.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1310

def write_timeout
  @write_timeout
end

Class Method Details

.default_port ⇒ Object

Returns integer 80, the default port to use for HTTP requests:

Net::HTTP.default_port # => 80



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 904

def HTTP.default_port
  http_default_port()
end

.get(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil) ⇒ Object

:call-seq:

Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path, port = 80) -> body
Net::HTTP:get(uri, headers = {}, port = uri.port) -> body

Sends a GET request and returns the HTTP response body as a string.

With string arguments hostname and path:

hostname = 'jsonplaceholder.typicode.com'
path = '/todos/1'
puts Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path)

Output:

{
  "userId": 1,
  "id": 1,
  "title": "delectus aut autem",
  "completed": false
}

With URI object uri and optional hash argument headers:

uri = URI('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1')
headers = {'Content-type' => 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'}
Net::HTTP.get(uri, headers)

Related:

  • Net::HTTP::Get: request class for HTTP method GET.

  • Net::HTTP#get: convenience method for HTTP method GET.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 806

def HTTP.get(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil)
  get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers, port).body
end

.get_print(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil) ⇒ Object

:call-seq:

Net::HTTP.get_print(hostname, path, port = 80) -> nil
Net::HTTP:get_print(uri, headers = {}, port = uri.port) -> nil

Like Net::HTTP.get, but writes the returned body to $stdout; returns nil.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 765

def HTTP.get_print(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil)
  get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers, port) {|res|
    res.read_body do |chunk|
      $stdout.print chunk
    end
  }
  nil
end

.get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil, &block) ⇒ Object

:call-seq:

Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, path, port = 80) -> http_response
Net::HTTP:get_response(uri, headers = {}, port = uri.port) -> http_response

Like Net::HTTP.get, but returns a Net::HTTPResponse object instead of the body string.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 816

def HTTP.get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil, &block)
  if path_or_headers && !path_or_headers.is_a?(Hash)
    host = uri_or_host
    path = path_or_headers
    new(host, port || HTTP.default_port).start {|http|
      return http.request_get(path, &block)
    }
  else
    uri = uri_or_host
    headers = path_or_headers
    start(uri.hostname, uri.port,
          :use_ssl => uri.scheme == 'https') {|http|
      return http.request_get(uri, headers, &block)
    }
  end
end

.http_default_port ⇒ Object

Returns integer 80, the default port to use for HTTP requests:

Net::HTTP.http_default_port # => 80



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 912

def HTTP.http_default_port
  80
end

.https_default_port ⇒ Object

Returns integer 443, the default port to use for HTTPS requests:

Net::HTTP.https_default_port # => 443



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 920

def HTTP.https_default_port
  443
end

.new(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, p_no_proxy = nil) ⇒ Object

Returns a new Net::HTTP object http (but does not open a TCP connection or HTTP session).

With only string argument address given (and ENV['http_proxy'] undefined or nil), the returned http:

  • Has the given address.

  • Has the default port number, Net::HTTP.default_port (80).

  • Has no proxy.

Example:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
# => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
http.address # => "jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"
http.port    # => 80
http.proxy?  # => false

With integer argument port also given, the returned http has the given port:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname, 8000)
# => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:8000 open=false>
http.port # => 8000

For proxy-defining arguments p_addr through p_no_proxy, see Proxy Server.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1069

def HTTP.new(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, p_no_proxy = nil)
  http = super address, port

  if proxy_class? then # from Net::HTTP::Proxy()
    http.proxy_from_env = @proxy_from_env
    http.proxy_address  = @proxy_address
    http.proxy_port     = @proxy_port
    http.proxy_user     = @proxy_user
    http.proxy_pass     = @proxy_pass
  elsif p_addr == :ENV then
    http.proxy_from_env = true
  else
    if p_addr && p_no_proxy && !URI::Generic.use_proxy?(address, address, port, p_no_proxy)
      p_addr = nil
      p_port = nil
    end
    http.proxy_address = p_addr
    http.proxy_port    = p_port || default_port
    http.proxy_user    = p_user
    http.proxy_pass    = p_pass
  end

  http
end

.newobj ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1037

alias newobj new

.post(url, data, header = nil) ⇒ Object

Posts data to a host; returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.

Argument url must be a URL; argument data must be a string:

_uri = uri.dup
_uri.path = '/posts'
data = '{"title": "foo", "body": "bar", "userId": 1}'
headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'}
res = Net::HTTP.post(_uri, data, headers) # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
puts res.body

Output:

{
  "title": "foo",
  "body": "bar",
  "userId": 1,
  "id": 101
}

Related:

  • Net::HTTP::Post: request class for HTTP method POST.

  • Net::HTTP#post: convenience method for HTTP method POST.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 859

def HTTP.post(url, data, header = nil)
  start(url.hostname, url.port,
        :use_ssl => url.scheme == 'https' ) {|http|
    http.post(url, data, header)
  }
end

.post_form(url, params) ⇒ Object

Posts data to a host; returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.

Argument url must be a URI; argument data must be a hash:

_uri = uri.dup
_uri.path = '/posts'
data = {title: 'foo', body: 'bar', userId: 1}
res = Net::HTTP.post_form(_uri, data) # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
puts res.body

Output:

{
  "title": "foo",
  "body": "bar",
  "userId": "1",
  "id": 101
}



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 886

def HTTP.post_form(url, params)
  req = Post.new(url)
  req.form_data = params
  req.basic_auth url.user, url.password if url.user
  start(url.hostname, url.port,
        :use_ssl => url.scheme == 'https' ) {|http|
    http.request(req)
  }
end

.Proxy(p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil) ⇒ Object

Creates an HTTP proxy class which behaves like Net::HTTP, but performs all access via the specified proxy.

This class is obsolete. You may pass these same parameters directly to Net::HTTP.new. See Net::HTTP.new for details of the arguments.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1743

def HTTP.Proxy(p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil) #:nodoc:
  return self unless p_addr

  Class.new(self) {
    @is_proxy_class = true

    if p_addr == :ENV then
      @proxy_from_env = true
      @proxy_address = nil
      @proxy_port    = nil
    else
      @proxy_from_env = false
      @proxy_address = p_addr
      @proxy_port    = p_port || default_port
    end

    @proxy_user = p_user
    @proxy_pass = p_pass
  }
end

.proxy_class? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if self is a class which was created by HTTP::Proxy.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1766

def proxy_class?
  defined?(@is_proxy_class) ? @is_proxy_class : false
end

.socket_type ⇒ Object

:nodoc: obsolete



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 924

def HTTP.socket_type   #:nodoc: obsolete
  BufferedIO
end

.start(address, *arg, &block) ⇒ Object

:call-seq:

HTTP.start(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, opts) -> http
HTTP.start(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, opts) {|http| ... } -> object

Creates a new Net::HTTP object, http, via Net::HTTP.new:

  • For arguments address and port, see Net::HTTP.new.

  • For proxy-defining arguments p_addr through p_pass, see Proxy Server.

  • For argument opts, see below.

With no block given:

  • Calls http.start with no block (see #start), which opens a TCP connection and HTTP session.

  • Returns http.

  • The caller should call #finish to close the session:

    http = Net::HTTP.start(hostname)
http.started? # => true
http.finish
http.started? # => false

With a block given:

  • Calls http.start with the block (see #start), which:

    • Opens a TCP connection and HTTP session.

    • Calls the block, which may make any number of requests to the host.

    • Closes the HTTP session and TCP connection on block exit.

    • Returns the block’s value object.

  • Returns object.

Example:

hostname = 'jsonplaceholder.typicode.com'
Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
  puts http.get('/todos/1').body
  puts http.get('/todos/2').body
end

Output:

{
  "userId": 1,
  "id": 1,
  "title": "delectus aut autem",
  "completed": false
}
{
  "userId": 1,
  "id": 2,
  "title": "quis ut nam facilis et officia qui",
  "completed": false
}

If the last argument given is a hash, it is the opts hash, where each key is a method or accessor to be called, and its value is the value to be set.

The keys may include:

  • #ca_file

  • #ca_path

  • #cert

  • #cert_store

  • #ciphers

  • #close_on_empty_response

  • ipaddr (calls #ipaddr=)

  • #keep_alive_timeout

  • #key

  • #open_timeout

  • #read_timeout

  • #ssl_timeout

  • #ssl_version

  • use_ssl (calls #use_ssl=)

  • #verify_callback

  • #verify_depth

  • #verify_mode

  • #write_timeout

Note: If port is nil and opts[:use_ssl] is a truthy value, the value passed to new is Net::HTTP.https_default_port, not port.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1014

def HTTP.start(address, *arg, &block) # :yield: +http+
  arg.pop if opt = Hash.try_convert(arg[-1])
  port, p_addr, p_port, p_user, p_pass = *arg
  p_addr = :ENV if arg.size < 2
  port = https_default_port if !port && opt && opt[:use_ssl]
  http = new(address, port, p_addr, p_port, p_user, p_pass)
  http.ipaddr = opt[:ipaddr] if opt && opt[:ipaddr]

  if opt
    if opt[:use_ssl]
      opt = {verify_mode: OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER}.update(opt)
    end
    http.methods.grep(/\A(\w+)=\z/) do |meth|
      key = $1.to_sym
      opt.key?(key) or next
      http.__send__(meth, opt[key])
    end
  end

  http.start(&block)
end

.version_1_1? ⇒ Boolean Also known as: is_version_1_1?

Returns false; retained for compatibility.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 750

def HTTP.version_1_1?  #:nodoc:
  false
end

.version_1_2 ⇒ Object

Returns true; retained for compatibility.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 740

def HTTP.version_1_2
  true
end

.version_1_2? ⇒ Boolean Also known as: is_version_1_2?

Returns true; retained for compatibility.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 745

def HTTP.version_1_2?
  true
end

Instance Method Details

#copy(path, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends a COPY request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Copy object created from string path and initial headers hash initheader.

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.copy('/todos/1')



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2127

def copy(path, initheader = nil)
  request(Copy.new(path, initheader))
end

#delete(path, initheader = {'Depth' => 'Infinity'}) ⇒ Object

Sends a DELETE request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Delete object created from string path and initial headers hash initheader.

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.delete('/todos/1')



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2101

def delete(path, initheader = {'Depth' => 'Infinity'})
  request(Delete.new(path, initheader))
end

#finish ⇒ Object

Finishes the HTTP session:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.start
http.started? # => true
http.finish   # => nil
http.started? # => false

Raises IOError if not in a session.

Raises:

  • (IOError) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1712

def finish
  raise IOError, 'HTTP session not yet started' unless started?
  do_finish
end

#get(path, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) ⇒ Object

:call-seq:

get(path, initheader = nil) {|res| ... }

Sends a GET request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Get object created from string path and initial headers hash initheader.

With a block given, calls the block with the response body:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.get('/todos/1') do |res|
  p res
end # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>

Output:

"{\n  \"userId\": 1,\n  \"id\": 1,\n  \"title\": \"delectus aut autem\",\n  \"completed\": false\n}"

With no block given, simply returns the response object:

http.get('/') # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>

Related:

  • Net::HTTP::Get: request class for HTTP method GET.

  • Net::HTTP.get: sends GET request, returns response body.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1918

def get(path, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) # :yield: +body_segment+
  res = nil

  request(Get.new(path, initheader)) {|r|
    r.read_body dest, &block
    res = r
  }
  res
end

#head(path, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends a HEAD request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Head object created from string path and initial headers hash initheader:

res = http.head('/todos/1') # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
res.body                    # => nil
res.to_hash.take(3)
# =>
[["date", ["Wed, 15 Feb 2023 15:25:42 GMT"]],
 ["content-type", ["application/json; charset=utf-8"]],
 ["connection", ["close"]]]



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1942

def head(path, initheader = nil)
  request(Head.new(path, initheader))
end

#inspect ⇒ Object

Returns a string representation of self:

Net::HTTP.new(hostname).inspect
# => "#<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>"



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1139

def inspect
  "#<#{self.class} #{@address}:#{@port} open=#{started?}>"
end

#ipaddr ⇒ Object

Returns the IP address for the connection.

If the session has not been started, returns the value set by #ipaddr=, or nil if it has not been set:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.ipaddr # => nil
http.ipaddr = '172.67.155.76'
http.ipaddr # => "172.67.155.76"

If the session has been started, returns the IP address from the socket:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.start
http.ipaddr # => "172.67.155.76"
http.finish



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1278

def ipaddr
  started? ?  @socket.io.peeraddr[3] : @ipaddr
end

#ipaddr=(addr) ⇒ Object

Sets the IP address for the connection:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.ipaddr # => nil
http.ipaddr = '172.67.155.76'
http.ipaddr # => "172.67.155.76"

The IP address may not be set if the session has been started.

Raises:

  • (IOError) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1290

def ipaddr=(addr)
  raise IOError, "ipaddr value changed, but session already started" if started?
  @ipaddr = addr
end

#lock(path, body, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends a LOCK request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Lock object created from string path, string body, and initial headers hash initheader.

data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.lock('/todos/1', data)



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2047

def lock(path, body, initheader = nil)
  request(Lock.new(path, initheader), body)
end

#mkcol(path, body = nil, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends a MKCOL request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Mkcol object created from string path, string body, and initial headers hash initheader.

data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
http.mkcol('/todos/1', data)
http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2141

def mkcol(path, body = nil, initheader = nil)
  request(Mkcol.new(path, initheader), body)
end

#move(path, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends a MOVE request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Move object created from string path and initial headers hash initheader.

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.move('/todos/1')



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2114

def move(path, initheader = nil)
  request(Move.new(path, initheader))
end

#options(path, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends an Options request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Options object created from string path and initial headers hash initheader.

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.options('/')



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2074

def options(path, initheader = nil)
  request(Options.new(path, initheader))
end

#patch(path, data, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) ⇒ Object

:call-seq:

patch(path, data, initheader = nil) {|res| ... }

Sends a PATCH request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Patch object created from string path, string data, and initial headers hash initheader.

With a block given, calls the block with the response body:

data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.patch('/todos/1', data) do |res|
  p res
end # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>

Output:

"{\n  \"userId\": 1,\n  \"id\": 1,\n  \"title\": \"delectus aut autem\",\n  \"completed\": false,\n  \"{\\\"userId\\\": 1, \\\"id\\\": 1, \\\"title\\\": \\\"delectus aut autem\\\", \\\"completed\\\": false}\": \"\"\n}"

With no block given, simply returns the response object:

http.patch('/todos/1', data) # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2005

def patch(path, data, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) # :yield: +body_segment+
  send_entity(path, data, initheader, dest, Patch, &block)
end

#peer_cert ⇒ Object

Returns the X509 certificate chain (an array of strings) for the session’s socket peer, or nil if none.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1541

def peer_cert
  if not use_ssl? or not @socket
    return nil
  end
  @socket.io.peer_cert
end

#post(path, data, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) ⇒ Object

:call-seq:

post(path, data, initheader = nil) {|res| ... }

Sends a POST request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Post object created from string path, string data, and initial headers hash initheader.

With a block given, calls the block with the response body:

data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.post('/todos', data) do |res|
  p res
end # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>

Output:

"{\n  \"{\\\"userId\\\": 1, \\\"id\\\": 1, \\\"title\\\": \\\"delectus aut autem\\\", \\\"completed\\\": false}\": \"\",\n  \"id\": 201\n}"

With no block given, simply returns the response object:

http.post('/todos', data) # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>

Related:

  • Net::HTTP::Post: request class for HTTP method POST.

  • Net::HTTP.post: sends POST request, returns response body.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1976

def post(path, data, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) # :yield: +body_segment+
  send_entity(path, data, initheader, dest, Post, &block)
end

#propfind(path, body = nil, initheader = {'Depth' => '0'}) ⇒ Object

Sends a PROPFIND request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Propfind object created from string path, string body, and initial headers hash initheader.

data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.propfind('/todos/1', data)



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2088

def propfind(path, body = nil, initheader = {'Depth' => '0'})
  request(Propfind.new(path, initheader), body)
end

#proppatch(path, body, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends a PROPPATCH request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Proppatch object created from string path, string body, and initial headers hash initheader.

data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.proppatch('/todos/1', data)



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2033

def proppatch(path, body, initheader = nil)
  request(Proppatch.new(path, initheader), body)
end

#proxy? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if a proxy server is defined, false otherwise; see Proxy Server.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1789

def proxy?
  !!(@proxy_from_env ? proxy_uri : @proxy_address)
end

#proxy_from_env? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if the proxy server is defined in the environment, false otherwise; see Proxy Server.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1796

def proxy_from_env?
  @proxy_from_env
end

#proxy_uri ⇒ Object

The proxy URI determined from the environment for this connection.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1801

def proxy_uri # :nodoc:
  return if @proxy_uri == false
  @proxy_uri ||= URI::HTTP.new(
    "http", nil, address, port, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
  ).find_proxy || false
  @proxy_uri || nil
end

#put(path, data, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends a PUT request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Put object created from string path, string data, and initial headers hash initheader.

data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.put('/todos/1', data) # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2019

def put(path, data, initheader = nil)
  request(Put.new(path, initheader), data)
end

#request(req, body = nil, &block) ⇒ Object

Sends the given request req to the server; forms the response into a Net::HTTPResponse object.

The given req must be an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPRequest. Argument body should be given only if needed for the request.

With no block given, returns the response object:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new('/todos/1')
http.request(req)
# => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>

req = Net::HTTP::Post.new('/todos')
http.request(req, 'xyzzy')
# => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>

With a block given, calls the block with the response and returns the response:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new('/todos/1')
http.request(req) do |res|
  p res
end # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>

Output:

#<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=false>



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2299

def request(req, body = nil, &block)  # :yield: +response+
  unless started?
    start {
      req['connection'] ||= 'close'
      return request(req, body, &block)
    }
  end
  if proxy_user()
    req.proxy_basic_auth proxy_user(), proxy_pass() unless use_ssl?
  end
  req.set_body_internal body
  res = transport_request(req, &block)
  if sspi_auth?(res)
    sspi_auth(req)
    res = transport_request(req, &block)
  end
  res
end

#request_get(path, initheader = nil, &block) ⇒ Object Also known as: get2

Sends a GET request to the server; forms the response into a Net::HTTPResponse object.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Get object created from string path and initial headers hash initheader.

With no block given, returns the response object:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.request_get('/todos') # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>

With a block given, calls the block with the response object and returns the response object:

http.request_get('/todos') do |res|
  p res
end # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>

Output:

#<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=false>



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2180

def request_get(path, initheader = nil, &block) # :yield: +response+
  request(Get.new(path, initheader), &block)
end

#request_head(path, initheader = nil, &block) ⇒ Object Also known as: head2

Sends a HEAD request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Head object created from string path and initial headers hash initheader.

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.head('/todos/1') # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2193

def request_head(path, initheader = nil, &block)
  request(Head.new(path, initheader), &block)
end

#request_post(path, data, initheader = nil, &block) ⇒ Object Also known as: post2

Sends a POST request to the server; forms the response into a Net::HTTPResponse object.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Post object created from string path, string data, and initial headers hash initheader.

With no block given, returns the response object:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.post('/todos', 'xyzzy')
# => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>

With a block given, calls the block with the response body and returns the response object:

http.post('/todos', 'xyzzy') do |res|
  p res
end # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>

Output:

"{\n  \"xyzzy\": \"\",\n  \"id\": 201\n}"



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2220

def request_post(path, data, initheader = nil, &block) # :yield: +response+
  request Post.new(path, initheader), data, &block
end

#request_put(path, data, initheader = nil, &block) ⇒ Object Also known as: put2

Sends a PUT request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Put object created from string path, string data, and initial headers hash initheader.

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.put('/todos/1', 'xyzzy')
# => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2234

def request_put(path, data, initheader = nil, &block)   #:nodoc:
  request Put.new(path, initheader), data, &block
end

#send_request(name, path, data = nil, header = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends an HTTP request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTPRequest object created from string path, string data, and initial headers hash header. That object is an instance of the subclass of Net::HTTPRequest, that corresponds to the given uppercase string name, which must be an HTTP request method or a WebDAV request method.

Examples:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.send_request('GET', '/todos/1')
# => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
http.send_request('POST', '/todos', 'xyzzy')
# => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2263

def send_request(name, path, data = nil, header = nil)
  has_response_body = name != 'HEAD'
  r = HTTPGenericRequest.new(name,(data ? true : false),has_response_body,path,header)
  request r, data
end

#set_debug_output(output) ⇒ Object

WARNING This method opens a serious security hole. Never use this method in production code.

Sets the output stream for debugging:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
File.open('t.tmp', 'w') do |file|
  http.set_debug_output(file)
  http.start
  http.get('/nosuch/1')
  http.finish
end
puts File.read('t.tmp')

Output:

opening connection to jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80...
opened
<- "GET /nosuch/1 HTTP/1.1\r\nAccept-Encoding: gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3\r\nAccept: */*\r\nUser-Agent: Ruby\r\nHost: jsonplaceholder.typicode.com\r\n\r\n"
-> "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
-> "Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2022 21:14:11 GMT\r\n"
-> "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8\r\n"
-> "Content-Length: 2\r\n"
-> "Connection: keep-alive\r\n"
-> "X-Powered-By: Express\r\n"
-> "X-Ratelimit-Limit: 1000\r\n"
-> "X-Ratelimit-Remaining: 999\r\n"
-> "X-Ratelimit-Reset: 1670879660\r\n"
-> "Vary: Origin, Accept-Encoding\r\n"
-> "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true\r\n"
-> "Cache-Control: max-age=43200\r\n"
-> "Pragma: no-cache\r\n"
-> "Expires: -1\r\n"
-> "X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff\r\n"
-> "Etag: W/\"2-vyGp6PvFo4RvsFtPoIWeCReyIC8\"\r\n"
-> "Via: 1.1 vegur\r\n"
-> "CF-Cache-Status: MISS\r\n"
-> "Server-Timing: cf-q-config;dur=1.3000000762986e-05\r\n"
-> "Report-To: {\"endpoints\":[{\"url\":\"https:\\/\\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\\/report\\/v3?s=yOr40jo%2BwS1KHzhTlVpl54beJ5Wx2FcG4gGV0XVrh3X9OlR5q4drUn2dkt5DGO4GDcE%2BVXT7CNgJvGs%2BZleIyMu8CLieFiDIvOviOY3EhHg94m0ZNZgrEdpKD0S85S507l1vsEwEHkoTm%2Ff19SiO\"}],\"group\":\"cf-nel\",\"max_age\":604800}\r\n"
-> "NEL: {\"success_fraction\":0,\"report_to\":\"cf-nel\",\"max_age\":604800}\r\n"
-> "Server: cloudflare\r\n"
-> "CF-RAY: 778977dc484ce591-DFW\r\n"
-> "alt-svc: h3=\":443\"; ma=86400, h3-29=\":443\"; ma=86400\r\n"
-> "\r\n"
reading 2 bytes...
-> "{}"
read 2 bytes
Conn keep-alive



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1192

def set_debug_output(output)
  warn 'Net::HTTP#set_debug_output called after HTTP started', uplevel: 1 if started?
  @debug_output = output
end

#start ⇒ Object

Starts an HTTP session.

Without a block, returns self:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
# => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
http.start
# => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=true>
http.started? # => true
http.finish

With a block, calls the block with self, finishes the session when the block exits, and returns the block’s value:

http.start do |http|
  http
end
# => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
http.started? # => false

Raises:

  • (IOError) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1569

def start  # :yield: http
  raise IOError, 'HTTP session already opened' if @started
  if block_given?
    begin
      do_start
      return yield(self)
    ensure
      do_finish
    end
  end
  do_start
  self
end

#started? ⇒ Boolean Also known as: active?

Returns true if the HTTP session has been started:

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.started? # => false
http.start
http.started? # => true
http.finish # => nil
http.started? # => false

Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
  http.started?
end # => true
http.started? # => false

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1417

def started?
  @started
end

#trace(path, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends a TRACE request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Trace object created from string path and initial headers hash initheader.

http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.trace('/todos/1')



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2154

def trace(path, initheader = nil)
  request(Trace.new(path, initheader))
end

#unlock(path, body, initheader = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends an UNLOCK request to the server; returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.

The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Unlock object created from string path, string body, and initial headers hash initheader.

data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
http.unlock('/todos/1', data)



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 2061

def unlock(path, body, initheader = nil)
  request(Unlock.new(path, initheader), body)
end

#use_ssl=(flag) ⇒ Object

Sets whether a new session is to use Transport Layer Security:

Raises IOError if attempting to change during a session.

Raises OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError if the port is not an HTTPS port.



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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1439

def use_ssl=(flag)
  flag = flag ? true : false
  if started? and @use_ssl != flag
    raise IOError, "use_ssl value changed, but session already started"
  end
  @use_ssl = flag
end

#use_ssl? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if self uses SSL, false otherwise. See Net::HTTP#use_ssl=.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/net/http.rb', line 1429

def use_ssl?
  @use_ssl
end