Class: AWS::S3::Bucket

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb

Overview

Represents a bucket in S3.

Creating Buckets

You create a bucket by name. Bucket names must be globally unique and must be DNS compatible.

s3 = AWS::S3.new
bucket = s3.buckets.create('dns-compat-bucket-name')

Getting a Bucket

You can create a reference to a bucket, given its name.

bucket = s3.buckets['bucket-name'] # makes no request
bucket.exists? #=> returns true/false

Enumerating Buckets

The BucketCollection class is enumerable.

s3.buckets.each do |bucket|
  puts bucket.name
end

Deleting a Bucket

You can delete an empty bucket you own.

bucket = s3.buckets.create('my-temp-bucket')
bucket.objects['abc'].write('xyz')

bucket.clear! # deletes all object versions in batches
bucket.delete

You can alternatively call #delete! which will clear the bucket for your first.

bucket.delete!

Objects

Given a bucket you can access its objects, either by key or by enumeration.

bucket.objects['key'] #=> makes no request, returns an S3Object

bucket.objects.each do |obj|
  puts obj.key
end

See ObjectCollection and S3Object for more information on working with objects.

Website Configuration

It is easy to enable website hosting for a bucket.

bucket.configure_website

You can specify the index and error documents by passing a block. If your bucket is already configured as a website, the current configuration will be yielded. If you bucket it not currently configured as a website, a new configuration will be yielded with default values.

bucket.configure_website do |cfg|
  cfg.index_document_suffix = 'index.html'
  cfg.error_document_key = 'error.html'
end

You can disable website hosting two ways:

bucket.remove_website_configuration
bucket.website_configuration = nil

You can use #website_configuration= to copy a website configuration from one bucket to another.

bucket.website_configuration = other_bucket.website_configuration

Bucket Policies and ACLs

You can control access to your bucket and its contents a number of ways. You can specify a bucket ACL (access control list) or a bucket policy.

ACLs

ACLs control access to your bucket and its contents via a list of grants and grantees.

Canned ACLs

The simplest way to specify an ACL is to use one of Amazon’s “canned” ACLs. Amazon accepts the following canned ACLs:

  • :private

  • :public_read

  • :public_read_write

  • :authenticated_read

  • :bucket_owner_read

  • :bucket_owner_full_control

You can specify a the ACL at bucket creation or later update a bucket.

# at create time, defaults to :private when not specified
bucket = s3.buckets.create('name', :acl => :public_read)

# replacing an existing bucket ACL
bucket.acl = :private

Grants

Alternatively you can specify a hash of grants. Each entry in the :grant hash has a grant (key) and a list of grantees (values). Valid grant keys are:

  • :grant_read

  • :grant_write

  • :grant_read_acp

  • :grant_write_acp

  • :grant_full_control

Each grantee can be a String, Hash or array of strings or hashes. The following example uses grants to provide public read to everyone while providing full control to a user by email address and to another by their account id (cannonical user id).

bucket = s3.buckets.create('name', :grants => {
  :grant_read => [
    { :uri => "http://acs.amazonaws.com/groups/global/AllUsers" },
  ],
  :grant_full_control => [
    { :id => 'abc...mno' }               # cannonical user id
    { :email_address => '[email protected]' }, # email address
  ]
})

ACL Object

Lastly, you can build an ACL object and use a Ruby DSL to specify grants and grantees. See ACLObject for more information.

# updating an existing bucket acl using ACLObject
bucket.acl.change do |acl|
  acl.grants.reject! do |g|
    g.grantee.canonical_user_id != bucket.owner.id
  end
end

Policies

You can also work with bucket policies.

policy = AWS::S3::Policy.new
policy.allow(
  :actions => [:put_object, :get_object]
  :resources => [bucket]
  :principals => :any)

bucket.policy = policy

See Core::Policy and Policy for more information on build policy objects.

Versioned Buckets

You can enable versioning on a bucket you control. When versioning is enabled, S3 will keep track of each version of each object you write to the bucket (even deletions).

bucket.versioning_enabled? #=> false
bucket.enable_versioning
# there is also a #disable_versioning method

obj = bucket.objects['my-obj']
obj.write('a')
obj.write('b')
obj.delete
obj.write('c')

obj.versions.each do |obj_version|
  if obj_version.delete_marker?
    puts obj_version.read
  else
    puts "- DELETE MARKER"
  end
end

Alternatively you can enumerate all versions of all objects in your bucket.

bucket.versions.each do |obj_version|
  puts obj_version.key + " : " + obj_version.version_id
end

See BucketVersionCollection, ObjectVersionCollection and ObjectVersion for more information on working with objects in a versioned bucket. Also see the S3 documentation for information on object versioning.

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(name, options = {}) ⇒ Bucket

Returns a new instance of Bucket.

Parameters:

  • name (String)
  • options (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Options Hash (options):

  • :owner (String) — default: nil —

    The owner id of this bucket.



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 227

def initialize(name, options = {})
  # the S3 docs disagree with what the service allows,
  # so it's not safe to toss out invalid bucket names
  # S3::Client.validate_bucket_name!(name)
  @name = name
  @owner = options[:owner]
  super
end

Instance Attribute Details

#name ⇒ String (readonly)

Returns The bucket name.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    The bucket name



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 237

def name
  @name
end

Instance Method Details

#==(other) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if the two buckets have the same name.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the two buckets have the same name.



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 492

def ==(other)
  other.kind_of?(Bucket) && other.name == name
end

#acl ⇒ AccessControlList

Returns the bucket’s access control list. This will be an instance of AccessControlList, plus an additional change method:

bucket.acl.change do |acl|
  acl.grants.reject! do |g|
    g.grantee.canonical_user_id != bucket.owner.id
  end
end

Returns:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 559

def acl

  resp = client.get_bucket_acl(:bucket_name => name)

  acl = AccessControlList.new(resp.data)
  acl.extend ACLProxy
  acl.bucket = self
  acl

end

#acl=(acl) ⇒ nil

Sets the bucket’s ACL (access control list). You can provide an ACL in a number of different formats.

Parameters:

  • acl (Symbol, String, Hash, AccessControlList) —

    Accepts an ACL description in one of the following formats:

    Canned ACL

    S3 supports a number of canned ACLs for buckets and objects. These include:

    • :private

    • :public_read

    • :public_read_write

    • :authenticated_read

    • :bucket_owner_read (object-only)

    • :bucket_owner_full_control (object-only)

    • :log_delivery_write (bucket-only)

    Here is an example of providing a canned ACL to a bucket:

    s3.buckets['bucket-name'].acl = :public_read

    ACL Grant Hash

    You can provide a hash of grants. The hash is composed of grants (keys) and grantees (values). Accepted grant keys are:

    • :grant_read

    • :grant_write

    • :grant_read_acp

    • :grant_write_acp

    • :grant_full_control

    Grantee strings (values) should be formatted like some of the following examples:

    id="8a6925ce4adf588a4532142d3f74dd8c71fa124b1ddee97f21c32aa379004fef"
uri="http://acs.amazonaws.com/groups/global/AllUsers"
emailAddress="[email protected]"

    You can provide a comma delimited list of multiple grantees in a single string. Please note the use of quotes inside the grantee string. Here is a simple example:

    {
  :grant_full_control => "emailAddress=\"[email protected]\", id=\"abc..mno\""
}

    See the S3 API documentation for more information on formatting grants.

    AcessControlList Object

    You can build an ACL using the AccessControlList class and pass this object.

    acl = AWS::S3::AccessControlList.new
acl.grant(:full_control).to(:canonical_user_id => "8a6...fef")
acl #=> this is acceptible

    ACL XML String

    Lastly you can build your own ACL XML document and pass it as a string.

    <<-XML
  <AccessControlPolicy xmlns="http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/2006-03-01/">
    <Owner>
      <ID>8a6...fef</ID>
      <DisplayName>owner-display-name</DisplayName>
    </Owner>
    <AccessControlList>
      <Grant>
        <Grantee xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:type="Canonical User">
          <ID>8a6...fef</ID>
          <DisplayName>owner-display-name</DisplayName>
        </Grantee>
        <Permission>FULL_CONTROL</Permission>
      </Grant>
    </AccessControlList>
  </AccessControlPolicy> 
XML

Returns:

  • (nil) 


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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 574

def acl= acl
  client.set_bucket_acl(acl_options(acl).merge(:bucket_name => name))
  nil
end

#as_tree(options = {}) ⇒ Tree

Returns a tree that allows you to expose the bucket contents like a directory structure.

Parameters:

  • options (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Options Hash (options):

  • :prefix (String) — default: nil —

    Set prefix to choose where the top of the tree will be. A value of nil means that the tree will include all objects in the collection.

  • :delimiter (String) — default: '/' —

    The string that separates each level of the tree. This is usually a directory separator.

  • :append (Boolean) — default: true —

    If true, the delimiter is appended to the prefix when the prefix does not already end with the delimiter.

Returns:

See Also:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 727

def as_tree options = {}
  objects.as_tree(options)
end

#clear! ⇒ nil

Deletes all objects from this bucket.

Returns:

  • (nil) 


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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 460

def clear!
  versions.each_batch do |versions|
    objects.delete(versions)
  end
end

#configure_website {|website_config| ... } ⇒ WebsiteConfiguration

Configure the current bucket as a website.

bucket.configure_website

If you pass a block, the website configuration object will be yielded. You can modify it before it is saved.

bucket.configure_website do |cfg|
  cfg.index_document_suffix = 'index.html'
  cfg.error_document_key = 'error.html'
end

If the bucket already has a website configuration, it will be loaded and yielded. This makes it possible to modify an existing configuration.

# only rename the error document
bucket.configure_website do |cfg|
  cfg.error_document_key = 'oops.html'
end

Yield Parameters:

Returns:

See Also:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 288

def configure_website &block
  website_config = self.website_configuration
  website_config ||= WebsiteConfiguration.new
  yield(website_config) if block_given?
  self.website_configuration = website_config
end

#cors ⇒ CORSRuleCollection

Returns a collection that can be used to manage (add, edit and delete) CORS rules for this bucket.

Returns:

  • (CORSRuleCollection) —

    Returns a collection that can be used to manage (add, edit and delete) CORS rules for this bucket.



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 390

def cors
  CORSRuleCollection.new(self)
end

#cors=(*rules) ⇒ Object

Sets the bucket CORS rules.

Parameters:

  • rules (Hash, CORSRule, CORSRuleCollection) —

    A list or array of one or more rules to set. Each rule may be a Hash, a CORSRule or a CORSRuleCollection.

See Also:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 397

def cors= *rules
  self.cors.set(*rules)
end

#delete ⇒ nil

Deletes the current bucket. An error will be raised if the bucket is not empty.

Returns:

  • (nil) 


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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 469

def delete
  client.delete_bucket(:bucket_name => @name)
  nil
end

#delete! ⇒ nil

Deletes all objects in a bucket and then deletes the bucket.

Returns:

  • (nil) 


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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 476

def delete!
  clear!
  delete
end

#empty? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if the bucket has no objects (this includes versioned objects that are delete markers).

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the bucket has no objects (this includes versioned objects that are delete markers).



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 251

def empty?
  versions.first ? false : true
end

#enable_versioning(opts = {}) ⇒ nil

Enables versioning on this bucket.

Parameters:

  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {}) —

    a customizable set of options

Options Hash (opts):

  • :mfa_delete (String) —

    Set to ‘Enabled’ or ‘Disabled’ to control the state of MFA delete on the bucket versioning. Setting this option requires the :mfa option to also be set.

  • :mfa (String) —

    The serial number and current token code of the Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) device for the user. Format is “SERIAL TOKEN” - with a space between the serial and token.

Returns:

  • (nil) 


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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 412

def enable_versioning(opts = {})
  client.set_bucket_versioning(
    :bucket_name => @name,
    :state       => :enabled,
    :mfa_delete  => opts[:mfa_delete],
    :mfa         => opts[:mfa])
  nil
end

#eql?(other_bucket) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if the two buckets have the same name

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the two buckets have the same name



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 497

def eql?(other_bucket)
  self == other_bucket
end

#exists? ⇒ Boolean

Note:

This method only indicates if there is a bucket in S3, not if you have permissions to work with the bucket or not.

Returns true if the bucket exists in S3.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the bucket exists in S3.



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 504

def exists?
  begin
    versioned? # makes a get bucket request without listing contents
               # raises a client error if the bucket doesn't exist or
               # if you don't have permission to get the bucket
               # versioning status.
    true
  rescue Errors::NoSuchBucket => e
    false # bucket does not exist
  rescue Errors::ClientError => e
    true # bucket exists
  end
end

#lifecycle_configuration ⇒ BucketLifecycleConfiguration

The primary interface for editing the lifecycle configuration. See AWS::S3::BucketLifecycleConfiguration for more information.

Examples:

Adding rules to a bucket’s lifecycle configuration


bucket.lifecycle_configuration.update do
  add_rule 'cache-1/', 30
  add_rule 'cache-2/', 30
end

Deleting the lifecycle configuration


bucket.lifecycle_configuration.clear

Returns:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 656

def lifecycle_configuration
  @lifecycle_cfg ||= BucketLifecycleConfiguration.new(self)
end

#lifecycle_configuration=(config) ⇒ nil

You can call this method if you prefer to build your own lifecycle configuration.

bucket.lifecycle_configuration = <<-XML
  <LifecycleConfiguration>
    ...
  </LifecycleConfiguration>
XML

You can also use this method to copy a lifecycle configuration from another bucket.

bucket.lifecycle_configuration = other_bucket.lifecycle_configuration

If you call this method, passing nil, the lifecycle configuration for this bucket will be deleted.

Parameters:

  • config (String, Object) —

    You can pass an xml string or any other object that responds to #to_xml (e.g. BucketLifecycleConfiguration).

Returns:

  • (nil) 


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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 683

def lifecycle_configuration= config

  if config.nil?

    client_opts = {}
    client_opts[:bucket_name] = name
    client.delete_bucket_lifecycle_configuration(client_opts)

    @lifecycle_cfg = BucketLifecycleConfiguration.new(self, :empty => true)

  else

    xml = config.is_a?(String) ? config : config.to_xml

    client_opts = {}
    client_opts[:bucket_name] = name
    client_opts[:lifecycle_configuration] = xml
    client.set_bucket_lifecycle_configuration(client_opts)

    @lifecycle_cfg = BucketLifecycleConfiguration.new(self, :xml => xml)

  end

  nil

end

#location_constraint ⇒ String?

Returns the location constraint for a bucket (if it has one), nil otherwise.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    Returns the location constraint for a bucket (if it has one), nil otherwise.



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 257

def location_constraint
  client.get_bucket_location(:bucket_name => name).location_constraint
end

#multipart_uploads ⇒ MultipartUploadCollection

Returns Represents all of the multipart uploads that are in progress for this bucket.

Returns:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 532

def multipart_uploads
  MultipartUploadCollection.new(self)
end

#objects ⇒ ObjectCollection

Returns Represents all objects(keys) in this bucket.

Returns:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 520

def objects
  ObjectCollection.new(self)
end

#owner ⇒ String

Returns bucket owner id.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    bucket owner id



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 482

def owner
  @owner || client.list_buckets.owner
end

#policy ⇒ Policy?

Returns the bucket policy. This will be an instance of Policy. The returned policy will also have the methods of PolicyProxy mixed in, so you can use it to change the current policy or delete it, for example:

if policy = bucket.policy
  # add a statement
  policy.change do |p|
    p.allow(...)
  end

  # delete the policy
  policy.delete
end

Note that changing the policy is not an atomic operation; it fetches the current policy, yields it to the block, and then sets it again. Therefore, it’s possible that you may overwrite a concurrent update to the policy using this method.

Returns:

  • (Policy, nil) —

    Returns the bucket policy (if it has one), or it returns nil otherwise.



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 618

def policy
  resp = client.get_bucket_policy(:bucket_name => name)
  policy = Policy.from_json(resp.data[:policy])
  policy.extend(PolicyProxy)
  policy.bucket = self
  policy
rescue Errors::NoSuchBucketPolicy => e
  nil
end

#policy=(policy) ⇒ nil

Sets the bucket’s policy.

Parameters:

  • policy —

    The new policy. This can be a string (which is assumed to contain a valid policy expressed in JSON), a Policy object or any object that responds to to_json.

Returns:

  • (nil)

See Also:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 635

def policy=(policy)
  client.set_bucket_policy(:bucket_name => name, :policy => policy)
  nil
end

#presigned_post(options = {}) ⇒ Object

Generates fields for a presigned POST to this object. All options are sent to the PresignedPost constructor.

See Also:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 735

def presigned_post(options = {})
  PresignedPost.new(self, options)
end

#remove_website_configuration ⇒ nil

Returns Deletes the bucket website configuration.

Returns:

  • (nil) —

    Deletes the bucket website configuration.

See Also:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 331

def remove_website_configuration
  client.delete_bucket_website(:bucket_name => name)
  @website_configuration = false
  nil
end

#suspend_versioning(opts = {}) ⇒ nil

Suspends versioning on this bucket.

Parameters:

  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {}) —

    a customizable set of options

Options Hash (opts):

  • :mfa_delete (String) —

    Set to ‘Enabled’ or ‘Disabled’ to control the state of MFA delete on the bucket versioning. Setting this option requires the :mfa option to also be set.

  • :mfa (String) —

    The serial number and current token code of the Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) device for the user. Format is “SERIAL TOKEN” - with a space between the serial and token.

Returns:

  • (nil) 


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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 432

def suspend_versioning(opts = {})
  client.set_bucket_versioning(
    :bucket_name => @name,
    :state       => :suspended,
    :mfa_delete  => opts[:mfa_delete],
    :mfa         => opts[:mfa])
  nil
end

#tags ⇒ BucketTagCollection

Returns the tags for this bucket.

tags = bucket.tags
#=> <AWS::S3::BucketTagCollection>

# adds a tag to the bucket
tags['foo'] = 'abc'

# replaces all tags
tags.set('new' => 'tags')

# removes all tags from the bucket
tags.clear

# returns tags as a hash
tags.to_h

Returns:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 367

def tags
  BucketTagCollection.new(self)
end

#tags=(tags) ⇒ Object

Sets the tags for this bucket.

bucket.tags = { 'contents' => 'photots' }

You can remove all tags for the bucket by passing an empty hash or nil.

bucket.tags = nil # {} also deletes all tags
bucket.tags
#=> {}

Parameters:

  • tags (Hash, nil) —

    The tags to set on this bucket.



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 384

def tags= tags
  self.tags.set(tags)
end

#url ⇒ String

Returns the url for this bucket.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    url to the bucket



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 241

def url
  if client.dns_compatible_bucket_name?(name)
    "http://#{name}.s3.amazonaws.com/"
  else
    "http://s3.amazonaws.com/#{name}/"
  end
end

#versioning_enabled? ⇒ Boolean Also known as: versioned?

Returns true if version is enabled on this bucket.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    returns true if version is enabled on this bucket.



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 442

def versioning_enabled?
  versioning_state == :enabled
end

#versioning_state ⇒ Symbol

Returns the versioning status for this bucket. States include:

  • :enabled - currently enabled

  • :suspended - currently suspended

  • :unversioned - versioning has never been enabled

Returns:

  • (Symbol) —

    the versioning state



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 454

def versioning_state
  client.get_bucket_versioning(:bucket_name => @name).status
end

#versions ⇒ BucketVersionCollection

Returns Represents all of the versioned objects stored in this bucket.

Returns:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 526

def versions
  BucketVersionCollection.new(self)
end

#website? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this bucket is configured as a website.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if this bucket is configured as a website.

See Also:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 343

def website?
  !!website_configuration
end

#website_configuration ⇒ WebsiteConfiguration?

Returns the bucket website configuration. Returns nil if the bucket is not configured as a website.

Returns:

See Also:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 302

def website_configuration
  resp = client.get_bucket_website(:bucket_name => name)
  WebsiteConfiguration.new(resp.data)
rescue Errors::NoSuchWebsiteConfiguration
  nil
end

#website_configuration=(website_configuration) ⇒ Object

Sets the website configuration. Deletes the configuration if nil is passed.

Parameters:

See Also:



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# File 'lib/aws/s3/bucket.rb', line 316

def website_configuration= website_configuration
  if website_configuration
    client_opts = website_configuration.to_hash
    client_opts[:bucket_name] = name
    client.put_bucket_website(client_opts)
  else
    remove_website_configuration
  end
end