Class: Fixnum

Inherits:
Integer show all
Defined in:
numeric.c,
numeric.c

Overview

******************************************************************

A <code>Fixnum</code> holds <code>Integer</code> values that can be
represented in a native machine word (minus 1 bit). If any operation
on a <code>Fixnum</code> exceeds this range, the value is
automatically converted to a <code>Bignum</code>.

<code>Fixnum</code> objects have immediate value. This means that
when they are assigned or passed as parameters, the actual object is
passed, rather than a reference to that object. Assignment does not
alias <code>Fixnum</code> objects. There is effectively only one
<code>Fixnum</code> object instance for any given integer value, so,
for example, you cannot add a singleton method to a
<code>Fixnum</code>.

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods inherited from Integer

#ceil, #chr, #denominator, #downto, #floor, #gcd, #gcdlcm, #integer?, #lcm, #next, #numerator, #ord, #pred, #rationalize, #round, #times, #to_i, #to_int, #to_r, #truncate, #upto

Methods inherited from Numeric

#+@, #abs2, #angle, #arg, #ceil, #coerce, #conj, #conjugate, #denominator, #eql?, #floor, #i, #imag, #imaginary, #initialize_copy, #integer?, #nonzero?, #numerator, #phase, #polar, #quo, #real, #real?, #rect, #rectangular, #remainder, #round, #singleton_method_added, #step, #to_c, #to_int, #truncate

Methods included from Comparable

#between?

Instance Method Details

#%(other) ⇒ Object #modulo(other) ⇒ Object

Returns fix modulo other. See numeric.divmod for more information.



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2843

static VALUE
fix_mod(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	long mod;

	fixdivmod(FIX2LONG(x), FIX2LONG(y), 0, &mod);
	return LONG2NUM(mod);
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	x = rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x));
	return rb_big_modulo(x, y);
      case T_FLOAT:
	return DBL2NUM(ruby_float_mod((double)FIX2LONG(x), RFLOAT_VALUE(y)));
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_bin(x, y, '%');
    }
}

#&(integer) ⇒ Object

Bitwise AND.



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3206

static VALUE
fix_and(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	long val = FIX2LONG(x) & FIX2LONG(y);
	return LONG2NUM(val);
    }

    if (RB_TYPE_P(y, T_BIGNUM)) {
	return rb_big_and(y, x);
    }

    bit_coerce(&x, &y, TRUE);
    return rb_funcall(x, rb_intern("&"), 1, y);
}

#*(numeric) ⇒ Object

Performs multiplication: the class of the resulting object depends on the class of numeric and on the magnitude of the result.



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2669

static VALUE
fix_mul(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
#ifdef __HP_cc
/* avoids an optimization bug of HP aC++/ANSI C B3910B A.06.05 [Jul 25 2005] */
	volatile
#endif
	long a, b;
#if SIZEOF_LONG * 2 <= SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
	LONG_LONG d;
#else
	volatile long c;
	VALUE r;
#endif

	a = FIX2LONG(x);
	b = FIX2LONG(y);

#if SIZEOF_LONG * 2 <= SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
	d = (LONG_LONG)a * b;
	if (FIXABLE(d)) return LONG2FIX(d);
	return rb_ll2inum(d);
#else
	if (FIT_SQRT_LONG(a) && FIT_SQRT_LONG(b))
	    return LONG2FIX(a*b);
	c = a * b;
	r = LONG2FIX(c);

	if (a == 0) return x;
	if (FIX2LONG(r) != c || c/a != b) {
	    r = rb_big_mul(rb_int2big(a), rb_int2big(b));
	}
	return r;
#endif
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return rb_big_mul(y, x);
      case T_FLOAT:
	return DBL2NUM((double)FIX2LONG(x) * RFLOAT_VALUE(y));
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_bin(x, y, '*');
    }
}

#**(numeric) ⇒ Object

Raises fix to the numeric power, which may be negative or fractional.

2 ** 3      #=> 8
2 ** -1     #=> (1/2)
2 ** 0.5    #=> 1.4142135623731



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2946

static VALUE
fix_pow(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    long a = FIX2LONG(x);

    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	long b = FIX2LONG(y);

	if (a == 1) return INT2FIX(1);
	if (a == -1) {
	    if (b % 2 == 0)
		return INT2FIX(1);
	    else
		return INT2FIX(-1);
	}
	if (b < 0)
	    return rb_funcall(rb_rational_raw1(x), rb_intern("**"), 1, y);

	if (b == 0) return INT2FIX(1);
	if (b == 1) return x;
	if (a == 0) {
	    if (b > 0) return INT2FIX(0);
	    return DBL2NUM(INFINITY);
	}
	return int_pow(a, b);
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	if (a == 1) return INT2FIX(1);
	if (a == -1) {
	    if (int_even_p(y)) return INT2FIX(1);
	    else return INT2FIX(-1);
	}
	if (negative_int_p(y))
	    return rb_funcall(rb_rational_raw1(x), rb_intern("**"), 1, y);
	if (a == 0) return INT2FIX(0);
	x = rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x));
	return rb_big_pow(x, y);
      case T_FLOAT:
	if (RFLOAT_VALUE(y) == 0.0) return DBL2NUM(1.0);
	if (a == 0) {
	    return DBL2NUM(RFLOAT_VALUE(y) < 0 ? INFINITY : 0.0);
	}
	if (a == 1) return DBL2NUM(1.0);
	{
	    double dy = RFLOAT_VALUE(y);
	    if (a < 0 && dy != round(dy))
		return rb_funcall(rb_complex_raw1(x), rb_intern("**"), 1, y);
	    return DBL2NUM(pow((double)a, dy));
	}
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_bin(x, y, rb_intern("**"));
    }
}

#+(numeric) ⇒ Object

Performs addition: the class of the resulting object depends on the class of numeric and on the magnitude of the result.



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2598

static VALUE
fix_plus(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	long a, b, c;
	VALUE r;

	a = FIX2LONG(x);
	b = FIX2LONG(y);
	c = a + b;
	r = LONG2NUM(c);

	return r;
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return rb_big_plus(y, x);
      case T_FLOAT:
	return DBL2NUM((double)FIX2LONG(x) + RFLOAT_VALUE(y));
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_bin(x, y, '+');
    }
}

#-(numeric) ⇒ Object

Performs subtraction: the class of the resulting object depends on the class of numeric and on the magnitude of the result.



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2631

static VALUE
fix_minus(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	long a, b, c;
	VALUE r;

	a = FIX2LONG(x);
	b = FIX2LONG(y);
	c = a - b;
	r = LONG2NUM(c);

	return r;
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	x = rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x));
	return rb_big_minus(x, y);
      case T_FLOAT:
	return DBL2NUM((double)FIX2LONG(x) - RFLOAT_VALUE(y));
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_bin(x, y, '-');
    }
}

#- ⇒ Integer

Negates fix (which might return a Bignum).

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2523

static VALUE
fix_uminus(VALUE num)
{
    return LONG2NUM(-FIX2LONG(num));
}

#/(numeric) ⇒ Object

Performs division: the class of the resulting object depends on the class of numeric and on the magnitude of the result.



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2815

static VALUE
fix_div(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    return fix_divide(x, y, '/');
}

#<(real) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if the value of fix is less than that of real.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3116

static VALUE
fix_lt(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	if (FIX2LONG(x) < FIX2LONG(y)) return Qtrue;
	return Qfalse;
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return FIX2INT(rb_big_cmp(rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x)), y)) < 0 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
      case T_FLOAT:
        return rb_integer_float_cmp(x, y) == INT2FIX(-1) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_relop(x, y, '<');
    }
}

#<<(count) ⇒ Integer

Shifts fix left count positions (right if count is negative).

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3278

static VALUE
rb_fix_lshift(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    long val, width;

    val = NUM2LONG(x);
    if (!FIXNUM_P(y))
	return rb_big_lshift(rb_int2big(val), y);
    width = FIX2LONG(y);
    if (width < 0)
	return fix_rshift(val, (unsigned long)-width);
    return fix_lshift(val, width);
}

#<=(real) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if the value of fix is less than or equal to that of real.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3141

static VALUE
fix_le(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	if (FIX2LONG(x) <= FIX2LONG(y)) return Qtrue;
	return Qfalse;
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return FIX2INT(rb_big_cmp(rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x)), y)) <= 0 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
      case T_FLOAT:
        {
          VALUE rel = rb_integer_float_cmp(x, y);
          return rel == INT2FIX(-1) || rel == INT2FIX(0) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
        }
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_relop(x, y, rb_intern("<="));
    }
}

#<=>(numeric) ⇒ -1, ...

Comparison---Returns -1, 0, +1 or nil depending on whether fix is less than, equal to, or greater than numeric. This is the basis for the tests in Comparable.

Returns:

  • (-1, 0, +1, nil) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3037

static VALUE
fix_cmp(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (x == y) return INT2FIX(0);
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	if (FIX2LONG(x) > FIX2LONG(y)) return INT2FIX(1);
	return INT2FIX(-1);
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return rb_big_cmp(rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x)), y);
      case T_FLOAT:
        return rb_integer_float_cmp(x, y);
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_cmp(x, y, rb_intern("<=>"));
    }
}

#==(other) ⇒ Boolean

Return true if fix equals other numerically.

1 == 2      #=> false
1 == 1.0    #=> true

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3012

static VALUE
fix_equal(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (x == y) return Qtrue;
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) return Qfalse;
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return rb_big_eq(y, x);
      case T_FLOAT:
        return rb_integer_float_eq(x, y);
      default:
	return num_equal(x, y);
    }
}

#==(other) ⇒ Boolean

Return true if fix equals other numerically.

1 == 2      #=> false
1 == 1.0    #=> true

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3012

static VALUE
fix_equal(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (x == y) return Qtrue;
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) return Qfalse;
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return rb_big_eq(y, x);
      case T_FLOAT:
        return rb_integer_float_eq(x, y);
      default:
	return num_equal(x, y);
    }
}

#>(real) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if the value of fix is greater than that of real.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3063

static VALUE
fix_gt(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	if (FIX2LONG(x) > FIX2LONG(y)) return Qtrue;
	return Qfalse;
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return FIX2INT(rb_big_cmp(rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x)), y)) > 0 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
      case T_FLOAT:
        return rb_integer_float_cmp(x, y) == INT2FIX(1) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_relop(x, y, '>');
    }
}

#>=(real) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if the value of fix is greater than or equal to that of real.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3088

static VALUE
fix_ge(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	if (FIX2LONG(x) >= FIX2LONG(y)) return Qtrue;
	return Qfalse;
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return FIX2INT(rb_big_cmp(rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x)), y)) >= 0 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
      case T_FLOAT:
        {
          VALUE rel = rb_integer_float_cmp(x, y);
          return rel == INT2FIX(1) || rel == INT2FIX(0) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
        }
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_relop(x, y, rb_intern(">="));
    }
}

#>>(count) ⇒ Integer

Shifts fix right count positions (left if count is negative).

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3310

static VALUE
rb_fix_rshift(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    long i, val;

    val = FIX2LONG(x);
    if (!FIXNUM_P(y))
	return rb_big_rshift(rb_int2big(val), y);
    i = FIX2LONG(y);
    if (i == 0) return x;
    if (i < 0)
	return fix_lshift(val, (unsigned long)-i);
    return fix_rshift(val, i);
}

#[](n) ⇒ 0, 1

Bit Reference---Returns the nth bit in the binary representation of fix, where fix[0] is the least significant bit.

a = 0b11001100101010
30.downto(0) do |n| print a[n] end

produces:

0000000000000000011001100101010

Returns:

  • (0, 1) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3352

static VALUE
fix_aref(VALUE fix, VALUE idx)
{
    long val = FIX2LONG(fix);
    long i;

    idx = rb_to_int(idx);
    if (!FIXNUM_P(idx)) {
	idx = rb_big_norm(idx);
	if (!FIXNUM_P(idx)) {
	    if (!RBIGNUM_SIGN(idx) || val >= 0)
		return INT2FIX(0);
	    return INT2FIX(1);
	}
    }
    i = FIX2LONG(idx);

    if (i < 0) return INT2FIX(0);
    if (SIZEOF_LONG*CHAR_BIT-1 < i) {
	if (val < 0) return INT2FIX(1);
	return INT2FIX(0);
    }
    if (val & (1L<<i))
	return INT2FIX(1);
    return INT2FIX(0);
}

#^(integer) ⇒ Object

Bitwise EXCLUSIVE OR.



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3252

static VALUE
fix_xor(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	long val = FIX2LONG(x) ^ FIX2LONG(y);
	return LONG2NUM(val);
    }

    if (RB_TYPE_P(y, T_BIGNUM)) {
	return rb_big_xor(y, x);
    }

    bit_coerce(&x, &y, TRUE);
    return rb_funcall(x, rb_intern("^"), 1, y);
}

#abs ⇒ Integer #magnitude ⇒ Integer

Returns the absolute value of fix.

-12345.abs   #=> 12345
12345.abs    #=> 12345

Overloads:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3409

static VALUE
fix_abs(VALUE fix)
{
    long i = FIX2LONG(fix);

    if (i < 0) i = -i;

    return LONG2NUM(i);
}

#div(numeric) ⇒ Integer

Performs integer division: returns integer value.

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2828

static VALUE
fix_idiv(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    return fix_divide(x, y, rb_intern("div"));
}

#divmod(numeric) ⇒ Array

See Numeric#divmod.

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2869

static VALUE
fix_divmod(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	long div, mod;

	fixdivmod(FIX2LONG(x), FIX2LONG(y), &div, &mod);

	return rb_assoc_new(LONG2NUM(div), LONG2NUM(mod));
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	x = rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x));
	return rb_big_divmod(x, y);
      case T_FLOAT:
	{
	    double div, mod;
	    volatile VALUE a, b;

	    flodivmod((double)FIX2LONG(x), RFLOAT_VALUE(y), &div, &mod);
	    a = dbl2ival(div);
	    b = DBL2NUM(mod);
	    return rb_assoc_new(a, b);
	}
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_bin(x, y, rb_intern("divmod"));
    }
}

#even? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if fix is an even number.

Returns:

  • (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3661

static VALUE
fix_even_p(VALUE num)
{
    if (num & 2) {
	return Qfalse;
    }
    return Qtrue;
}

#fdiv(numeric) ⇒ Float

Returns the floating point result of dividing fix by numeric.

654321.fdiv(13731)      #=> 47.6528293642124
654321.fdiv(13731.24)   #=> 47.6519964693647

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2754

static VALUE
fix_fdiv(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	return DBL2NUM((double)FIX2LONG(x) / (double)FIX2LONG(y));
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	return rb_big_fdiv(rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x)), y);
      case T_FLOAT:
	return DBL2NUM((double)FIX2LONG(x) / RFLOAT_VALUE(y));
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_bin(x, y, rb_intern("fdiv"));
    }
}

#abs ⇒ Integer #magnitude ⇒ Integer

Returns the absolute value of fix.

-12345.abs   #=> 12345
12345.abs    #=> 12345

Overloads:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3409

static VALUE
fix_abs(VALUE fix)
{
    long i = FIX2LONG(fix);

    if (i < 0) i = -i;

    return LONG2NUM(i);
}

#%(other) ⇒ Object #modulo(other) ⇒ Object

Returns fix modulo other. See numeric.divmod for more information.



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2843

static VALUE
fix_mod(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	long mod;

	fixdivmod(FIX2LONG(x), FIX2LONG(y), 0, &mod);
	return LONG2NUM(mod);
    }
    switch (TYPE(y)) {
      case T_BIGNUM:
	x = rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(x));
	return rb_big_modulo(x, y);
      case T_FLOAT:
	return DBL2NUM(ruby_float_mod((double)FIX2LONG(x), RFLOAT_VALUE(y)));
      default:
	return rb_num_coerce_bin(x, y, '%');
    }
}

#odd? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if fix is an odd number.

Returns:

  • (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3645

static VALUE
fix_odd_p(VALUE num)
{
    if (num & 2) {
	return Qtrue;
    }
    return Qfalse;
}

#size ⇒ Fixnum

Returns the number of bytes in the machine representation of a Fixnum.

1.size            #=> 4
-1.size           #=> 4
2147483647.size   #=> 4

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3433

static VALUE
fix_size(VALUE fix)
{
    return INT2FIX(sizeof(long));
}

#next ⇒ Integer #succ ⇒ Integer

Returns the Integer equal to int + 1.

1.next      #=> 2
(-1).next   #=> 0

Overloads:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2352

static VALUE
fix_succ(VALUE num)
{
    long i = FIX2LONG(num) + 1;
    return LONG2NUM(i);
}

#to_f ⇒ Float

Converts fix to a Float.

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3387

static VALUE
fix_to_f(VALUE num)
{
    double val;

    val = (double)FIX2LONG(num);

    return DBL2NUM(val);
}

#to_s(base = 10) ⇒ String Also known as: inspect

Returns a string containing the representation of fix radix base (between 2 and 36).

12345.to_s       #=> "12345"
12345.to_s(2)    #=> "11000000111001"
12345.to_s(8)    #=> "30071"
12345.to_s(10)   #=> "12345"
12345.to_s(16)   #=> "3039"
12345.to_s(36)   #=> "9ix"

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 2573

static VALUE
fix_to_s(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE x)
{
    int base;

    if (argc == 0) base = 10;
    else {
	VALUE b;

	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &b);
	base = NUM2INT(b);
    }

    return rb_fix2str(x, base);
}

#zero? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if fix is zero.

Returns:

  • (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'numeric.c', line 3629

static VALUE
fix_zero_p(VALUE num)
{
    if (FIX2LONG(num) == 0) {
	return Qtrue;
    }
    return Qfalse;
}

#|(integer) ⇒ Object

Bitwise OR.



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3229

static VALUE
fix_or(VALUE x, VALUE y)
{
    if (FIXNUM_P(y)) {
	long val = FIX2LONG(x) | FIX2LONG(y);
	return LONG2NUM(val);
    }

    if (RB_TYPE_P(y, T_BIGNUM)) {
	return rb_big_or(y, x);
    }

    bit_coerce(&x, &y, TRUE);
    return rb_funcall(x, rb_intern("|"), 1, y);
}

#~ ⇒ Integer

One's complement: returns a number where each bit is flipped.

Returns:



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# File 'numeric.c', line 3168

static VALUE
fix_rev(VALUE num)
{
    return ~num | FIXNUM_FLAG;
}